This document discusses next-generation infrastructure including virtualization, SDN, local clouds, and gigabit connectivity to end users. It provides examples of applications that could benefit from these technologies like connected collaboration, simulation as a service, and high-frame rate video for remote process control. The document argues that more responsive infrastructure is needed to enable new applications and break the chicken-and-egg problem where applications are limited by today's networks and networks say no applications need better performance.
13. Tragedy of the Commons
• Today’s Internet only works well because utilization
is so low
- Comcast: using > 4% is “excessive”
- Verizon Wireless: slows your data at >0.03%*
• Cheating is rampant
• Vidyo, Jabber, OpenClove
• * of 3G data on an unlimited plan as a long-term average
15. Go Virtual
• Virtual server per application
• Server configuration matched to app
• Allocate as needed dynamically
• More fault resilient
• Easy to bill the server to the application
• Incremental cost model increases $$$
16
16. Go Virtual
• Virtual network per application
• Network configuration matched to app
• Allocate as needed dynamically
• More fault resilient
• Easy to bill the net to the application
• Incremental cost model increases $$$
17
19. Virtualization Demos
• Medelight (Extreme)
• Network Powered BYOD Cloud (Juniper)
• City of Ammon Emergency Communications
Could benefit from dynamic virtualization
• CASA
• Real Time Emergency Response
• And most everyone else
20
20. SDN
• All major vendors are “in”
• SDN deployments up an order of
magnitude
• Ships standard with Linux
• Encouraged as part of CC-NIE
21
25. Today
• More bandwidth is better:
“gimme a gig”
• It belongs in a massive
datacenter “cloud”
Tomorrow
• More responsive is better:
I’m a locavore
• The cloud comes to you
to be more responsive
26
26. 27
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0 5 10 15 20 25
Ricart experiment; bandwidth based on speedtest.net; 23% page load performance
improvement on finance.yahoo.com picking different stocks; conducted 5/20/2013
Mbps as measured by speedtest.net
Web page loads
per second
28. 29
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.109.1
2 52 ms 23 ms 28 ms 24.10.240.1
3 32 ms 9 ms 9 ms te-5-3-ur08.saltlakecity.ut.utah.comcast.net [68.85.39.109]
4 15 ms 11 ms 11 ms te-7-4-ar02.saltlakecity.ut.utah.comcast.net [68.87.170.13]
5 28 ms 23 ms 23 ms pos-0-2-0-0-cr01.denver.co.ibone.comcast.net [68.86.90.225]
6 25 ms 20 ms 20 ms 4.79.82.53
7 65 ms 64 ms 67 ms vlan52.ebr2.Denver1.Level3.net [4.69.147.126]
8 65 ms 64 ms 64 ms ae-3-3.ebr1.Chicago2.Level3.net [4.69.132.62]
9 65 ms 64 ms 65 ms ae-1-100.ebr2.Chicago2.Level3.net [4.69.132.114]
10 64 ms 65 ms 65 ms ae-6-6.ebr2.Washington12.Level3.net [4.69.148.145]
11 63 ms 64 ms 65 ms ae-5-5.ebr2.Washington1.Level3.net [4.69.143.221]
12 65 ms 64 ms 91 ms ae-82-82.csw3.Washington1.Level3.net [4.69.134.154]
13 88 ms 67 ms 65 ms ae-3-80.edge2.Washington1.Level3.net [4.69.149.142]
14 65 ms 63 ms 64 ms YAHOO-INC.edge2.Washington1.Level3.net [4.79.22.42]
15 65 ms 71 ms 63 ms xe-5-0-0.msr1.ac2.yahoo.com [216.115.108.147]
16 64 ms 63 ms 67 ms xe-2-2-0.clr3.ac4.yahoo.com [72.30.96.1]
17 65 ms 66 ms 71 ms gi-1-44.bas-n1.ac4.yahoo.com [76.13.1.69]
18 65 ms 65 ms 80 ms mcsl2.finance.vip.ac4.yahoo.net [76.13.115.116]
32. 36
Mike Manos, CTO of
AOL Services: "We
expect that MDCs will
enable us to roll out
five times the amount
of total compute
capacity in less than
10% of the cost and
physical footprint of a
traditional data center
based deployment.”
35. Today
• More bandwidth is better:
“gimme a gig”
• It belongs in a massive
datacenter “cloud”
Tomorrow
• More responsive is better:
I’m a locavore
• The cloud comes to you
to be more responsive
39
40. Video over a Gigabit
• 1.493 Gbps uncompressed (HDTV)
• 5.972 Gbps at 1080p and 120 Hz (medical
images using DICOM)
• 10.19 Gbps Red One Camera
uncompressed
• 23.89 Gbps 4K video
43. Why Not Compress (Better)?
• End-user equipment not powerful enough
• Cost of more powerful hardware not justified
• Can’t wait
• Cost of fast hardware not justified
• Bandwidth within a city may be “free”
47
44. Gigabit to the End User
• Demos
– Connected Collaboration
– Engage3D
– Simulation as a Service
– Software Lending Library
– Cizzle
– Network Powered BYOD Cloud
– Remote Process Control (High Frame-Rate Video)
– LITE Virtual Reality Workforce Development
48
49. Revolutionary Forces
• “Designing down” applications to fit
• ISP pricing / usage trap
• Growing gap between R&E & commercial
• Big data
• Open data
• Spectrum limitations
• Software-defined networking and NFV
• Google
50. Chicken and Egg
• Apps must assume today’s Internet
- Work to fit within today’s bandwidths
- Must work even with today’s latency
• Infrastructure players say there are no
apps that need more responsiveness
• US Ignite exists to break this deadlock
51. An Internet of Immersive
Experience
• Bandwidth and latency both count
• Make higher utilization work well
• Get it closer (fewer hops)
• Close network servers are faster than you
are
• Explicit traffic management (instead of
implicit based on DPI)
52. 56
June 24-26, Chicago
Demos of applications developed through
NSF grants, Mozilla-Ignite
Challenge, Industry Partner labs
Editor's Notes
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.
0.019 Gbps compressed HDTV (over-the-air)
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.
Next-generation technology—The “gigabit” Internet is not about going faster, it’s about completely changing how we approach nearly every sector of our economy, as we transition to an Internet of Immersive Experience.There are three components to America’s next-generation gigabit networks – not just a “gig:” Network Smarts. Rather than remaining relatively static, next generation networks will be able to adapt on the fly to the applications and usage patterns of the people and devices online. These capabilities can be delivered today via Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, In a sense, these new networking technologies allow application developers to “program everything” –not just traditional applications but also the network “slices” they run on.Local Cloud Compute and Storage. Many of the storage services we use today in the "cloud" are, in fact, remote computers and servers housed in data centers very far away. Instead of shipping data and computational needs to a faraway server farm, neighborhood “local clouds” will permit us to store and interact with our data more quickly, inexpensively, and securely. Symmetrical Speed. Sheer speed is a vitally important factor, just not the only one. Next generation Internet applications require very high “symmetrical” speeds all the way to end users’ devices – this means up to one gigabit per second in both download and upload directions. Many discussions under-value the upload side of the connection, but the Internet of Immersive Experience will mean we are all as much producers of content and data as we are consumers.