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METAPHOR
 on leadership analysis
Today, we’re going
  to present…
Today, we’re going
  to present…
                     METAPHORs
                     In leadership
USING SPSS
to analyze the result that we got
VALIDITY
 check
Organization Metaphor Leadership Role
  Valid                     100             100
Missing                       0               0




    VALID 100%
analysis
Organization
 metaphor
Organization Metaphor

                                                                              Cumulative
                           Frequency        Percent          Valid Percent
                                                                               Percent

                   Ship                15             15.0             15.0           15.0

              Big Family               34             34.0             34.0           49.0

            Big Machine                 7              7.0              7.0           56.0

              Organism                  7              7.0              7.0           63.0

        Group of People                 7              7.0              7.0           70.0

        Working Groups                  6              6.0              6.0           76.0

Valid          Dynasty                  2              2.0              2.0           78.0

           Soccer Team                  5              5.0              5.0           83.0

             Orchestra                  7              7.0              7.0           90.0

                  Army                  5              5.0              5.0           95.0

              Big Family                1              1.0              1.0           96.0

                Others                  4              4.0              4.0          100.0

                   Total           100            100.0               100.0
Leadership
   role
Leadership Role

                                                                                Cumulative
                             Frequency        Percent          Valid Percent
                                                                                 Percent
            Army General                  4              4.0              4.0            4.0
               Conductor                  6              6.0              6.0           10.0
               Helmsman                   2              2.0              2.0           12.0
             Ship Captain                 8              8.0              8.0           20.0
              Tour Guide                  2              2.0              2.0           22.0
                   Coach                  5              5.0              5.0           27.0
           Meaning Maker                  2              2.0              2.0           29.0
           Head of Family                29             29.0             29.0           58.0
Valid               Hero                  1              1.0              1.0           59.0
                   Coach                  4              4.0              4.0           63.0
                  Mentor                 11             11.0             11.0           74.0
        Educator / Teacher                3              3.0              3.0           77.0
                    Guide                 7              7.0              7.0           84.0
                   Knight                 1              1.0              1.0           85.0
                Shepherd                  6              6.0              6.0           91.0
                   Others                 9              9.0              9.0          100.0
                     Total           100             100.0              100.0
Business
  type
Types of Industry

                                                                                         Cumulative
                                    Frequency         Percent          Valid Percent
                                                                                          Percent


                   Manufacturing                14              14.0             14.0            14.0

                         Trading                14              14.0             14.0            28.0

         Non Profit Organization                12              12.0             12.0            40.0

        Government Organization                  8               8.0               8.0           48.0

Valid            Service Business               19              19.0             19.0            67.0

           Religious Organization               16              16.0             16.0            83.0

                         Others                 16              16.0             16.0            99.0

                               8                 1               1.0               1.0          100.0

                            Total           100             100.0               100.0
1. Big Family = Head of Family
2. Mostly in service business



    Logical
Cross
tabulation
Organization
 metaphor
Organization Metaphor * Gender Cross tabulation

                                                  Gender
                                                                    Total
                                                Male       Female

                                        Ship       11           4       15

                                   Big Family    23            11       34

                                 Big Machine           5        2           7

                                   Organism            6        1           7

                            Group of People            3        4           7

                            Working Groups             3        3           6
Organization Metaphor
                                    Dynasty            0        2           2

                                Soccer Team            4        1           5

                                  Orchestra            7        0           7

                                       Army            3        2           5

                                   Big Family          1        0           1

                                     Others            3        1           4

                                        Total      69          31     100
Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by Male




          related
Organization Metaphor * Age Cross tabulation
                                                                    Age
                                                                                                          Total
                                           20-25   26-30   31-35    36-40       41-45   46-50   >50
                                   Ship        3       4        1           1       1       0         5      15

                              Big Family       2       4        4           6       6       7         5      34

                            Big Machine        1       1        0           2       1       1         1           7

                              Organism         2       0        0           1       2       0         2           7

                        Group of People        1       2        0           1       2       0         1           7

                        Working Groups         2       0        1           1       0       1         1           6
Organization Metaphor
                               Dynasty         0       1        0           0       0       0         1           2

                           Soccer Team         1       1        0           1       1       1         0           5

                             Orchestra         0       1        0           1       1       1         3           7

                                  Army         0       0        1           2       0       1         1           5

                              Big Family       1       0        0           0       0       0         0           1

                                Others         1       0        1           0       1       1         0           4

                                   Total      14      14        8          16      15      13     20        100
Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by 46 - 50 years




               related
Organization Metaphor * Length of Work Cross tabulation
                                                                    Length of Work
                                                                                                                 Total
                                           <1 - 5 years       5 - 10 years       10 - 15 years   15 - 25 years

                                   Ship                   6                  4               2               3            15

                              Big Family             10                      8            11                 5            34

                            Big Machine                   2                  1               3               1             7

                              Organism                    2                  2               2               1             7

                        Group of People                   3                  2               1               1             7

                        Working Groups                    2                  2               2               0             6
Organization Metaphor
                               Dynasty                    0                  1               0               1             2

                           Soccer Team                    4                  1               0               0             5

                             Orchestra                    2                  2               2               1             7

                                  Army                    2                  1               1               1             5

                              Big Family                  1                  0               0               0             1

                                Others                    2                  1               1               0             4

                                   Total             36                  25                 25              14           100
Big Family metaphor was chosen by
people who have 10 – 15 years work experience



          related
Organization Metaphor * Types of Industry Cross tabulation
                                                               Types of Industry
                                                    Non     Govern
                                                                              Religious
                                  Manufact          Profit   ment    Service                                 Total
                                           Trading                            Organiza Others        8
                                   uring           Organiza Organiza Business
                                                                                tion
                                                     tion    tion
                          Ship          0        2         1         3         4            3    1       1       15
                     Big Family         6        1         7         1         3           9     7       0       34
                   Big Machine          4        1         0         0         1            0    1       0           7
                     Organism           1        2         0         0         2            0    2       0           7
               Group of People          1        2         1         0         1            1    1       0           7
Organization   Working Groups           1        1         1         1         2            0    0       0           6
 Metaphor             Dynasty           0        1         0         0         1            0    0       0           2
                  Soccer Team           1        1         1         0         2            0    0       0           5
                    Orchestra           0        2         0         1         2            2    0       0           7
                         Army           0        1         0         2         1            0    1       0           5
                     Big Family         0        0         0         0         0            0    1       0           1
                       Others           0        0         1         0         0            1    2       0           4
                          Total        14       14        12         8        19           16   16       1      100
Big Family metaphor was chosen by
people who worked in religious organization



         related
Leadership
   role
Leadership Role * Gender Cross tabulation
                                          Gender    Total
                                        Male Female
                      Army General          2     2      4
                         Conductor          6     0      6
                         Helmsman           2     0      2
                       Ship Captain         6     2      8
                        Tour Guide          1     1      2
                              Coach         2     3      5
                     Meaning Maker          1     1      2

Leadership Role
                     Head of Family      20       9    29
                               Hero         1     0      1
                              Coach         3     1      4
                             Mentor         6     5    11
                  Educator / Teacher        3     0      3
                               Guide        4     3      7
                              Knight        1     0      1
                          Shepherd          5     1      6
                              Others        6     3      9
                                Total      69    31   100
Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by Male




            related
Leadership Role * Age Cross tabulation
                                                                            Age
                                                                                                                           Total
                                        20-25      26-30       31-35      36-40       41-45        46-50        >50
                      Army General             0          0          0            2           0            1           1         4
                         Conductor             0          1          0            1           0            1           3         6
                         Helmsman              0          0          0            0           0            0           2         2
                       Ship Captain            0          4          0            1           0            0           3         8
                        Tour Guide             1          0          0            1           0            0           0         2
                              Coach            1          1          1            0           1            1           0         5
                     Meaning Maker             0          0          1            0           0            0           1         2

Leadership Role
                     Head of Family            3          5          2            4           6            6           3        29
                               Hero            0          0          0            0            1            0          0         1
                              Coach            0          0          0            1            0            2          1         4
                             Mentor            3          1          1            1            3            1          1        11
                  Educator / Teacher           1          0          0            0            1            1          0         3
                               Guide           1          1          0            1            1            0          3         7
                              Knight           0          0          0            0            0            0          1         1
                          Shepherd             2          0          2            1            1            0          0         6
                              Others           2          1          1            3            1            0          1         9
                                Total         14         14          8           16           15           13         20       100
Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by 41-50 years old




                  related
Leadership Role * Length of Work Cross tabulation
                                                        Length of Work
                                                                                             Total
                                      <1 - 5 years 5 -10 years 10 - 15 years 15 - 25 years
                    Army General                2           0              1            1       4
                       Conductor                2           1              2            1       6
                       Helmsman                 1           0              0            1       2
                     Ship Captain               1           3              2            2       8
                      Tour Guide                1           1              0            0       2
                            Coach               3           2              0            0       5
                   Meaning Maker                1           0              0            1       2

Leadership Role
                   Head of Family              11           5              9            4      29
                             Hero               0           0               1           0       1
                            Coach               0           2               2           0       4
                           Mentor               4           4               2           1      11
                Educator / Teacher              1           1               0           1       3
                             Guide              2           1               3           1       7
                            Knight              0           0               1           0       1
                        Shepherd                4           1               1           0       6
                            Others              3           4               1           1       9
                              Total            36          25              25          14     100
Head of the Family metaphor was chosen by
people who have 10 – 15 years work experience



          related
Leadership Role * Types of Industry Cross tabulation
                                                                              Types of Industry
                                                            Non      Governme
                                                                                              Religious
                                   Manufactu               Profit        nt       Service
                                              Trading                                        Organizati    Others       8       Total
                                     ring               Organizati Organizati Business
                                                                                                 on
                                                             on          on
                 Army General              0          1            0           2           0           0            1       0         4
                    Conductor              0          2            0           1           2           1            0       0         6
                    Helmsman               0          0            0           0           1           1            0       0         2
                  Ship Captain             1          1            0           2           3           1            0       0         8
                   Tour Guide              1          1            0           0           0           0            0       0         2
                         Coach             1          2            0           0           1           1            0       0         5
                Meaning Maker              0          1            0           1           0           0            0       0         2
Leadership      Head of Family             5          1            6           0           4           5        8           0        29
   Role                   Hero             0          0            0           0           0           0         1          0         1
                         Coach             0          2            1           0           0           0         0          1         4
                        Mentor             2          1            1           0           2           2         3          0        11
             Educator / Teacher            0          0            0           1           0           1         1          0         3
                          Guide            1          2            1           0           2           1         0          0         7
                         Knight            1          0            0           0           0           0         0          0         1
                     Shepherd              0          0            2           0           1           3         0          0         6
                         Others            2          0            1           1           3           0         2          0         9
                           Total          14         14           12           8          19          16        16          1       100
Head of the Family metaphor was mostly chosen by
 people who worked in miscellaneous organization



            related
conclusion
Organization
 metaphor
Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by
    • Male
    • 46 - 50 years old
    • have 10 – 15 years work experience
    • worked in religious organization
Leadership
   role
Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by
     • Male
     • 41-50 years old
     • have 10 – 15 years work experience
     • worked in miscellaneous organization
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Research in Metaphors of Leadership

  • 2. Today, we’re going to present…
  • 3. Today, we’re going to present… METAPHORs In leadership
  • 4. USING SPSS to analyze the result that we got
  • 6. Organization Metaphor Leadership Role Valid 100 100 Missing 0 0 VALID 100%
  • 9. Organization Metaphor Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Ship 15 15.0 15.0 15.0 Big Family 34 34.0 34.0 49.0 Big Machine 7 7.0 7.0 56.0 Organism 7 7.0 7.0 63.0 Group of People 7 7.0 7.0 70.0 Working Groups 6 6.0 6.0 76.0 Valid Dynasty 2 2.0 2.0 78.0 Soccer Team 5 5.0 5.0 83.0 Orchestra 7 7.0 7.0 90.0 Army 5 5.0 5.0 95.0 Big Family 1 1.0 1.0 96.0 Others 4 4.0 4.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
  • 10. Leadership role
  • 11. Leadership Role Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Army General 4 4.0 4.0 4.0 Conductor 6 6.0 6.0 10.0 Helmsman 2 2.0 2.0 12.0 Ship Captain 8 8.0 8.0 20.0 Tour Guide 2 2.0 2.0 22.0 Coach 5 5.0 5.0 27.0 Meaning Maker 2 2.0 2.0 29.0 Head of Family 29 29.0 29.0 58.0 Valid Hero 1 1.0 1.0 59.0 Coach 4 4.0 4.0 63.0 Mentor 11 11.0 11.0 74.0 Educator / Teacher 3 3.0 3.0 77.0 Guide 7 7.0 7.0 84.0 Knight 1 1.0 1.0 85.0 Shepherd 6 6.0 6.0 91.0 Others 9 9.0 9.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
  • 13. Types of Industry Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Manufacturing 14 14.0 14.0 14.0 Trading 14 14.0 14.0 28.0 Non Profit Organization 12 12.0 12.0 40.0 Government Organization 8 8.0 8.0 48.0 Valid Service Business 19 19.0 19.0 67.0 Religious Organization 16 16.0 16.0 83.0 Others 16 16.0 16.0 99.0 8 1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
  • 14. 1. Big Family = Head of Family 2. Mostly in service business Logical
  • 17. Organization Metaphor * Gender Cross tabulation Gender Total Male Female Ship 11 4 15 Big Family 23 11 34 Big Machine 5 2 7 Organism 6 1 7 Group of People 3 4 7 Working Groups 3 3 6 Organization Metaphor Dynasty 0 2 2 Soccer Team 4 1 5 Orchestra 7 0 7 Army 3 2 5 Big Family 1 0 1 Others 3 1 4 Total 69 31 100
  • 18. Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by Male related
  • 19. Organization Metaphor * Age Cross tabulation Age Total 20-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 >50 Ship 3 4 1 1 1 0 5 15 Big Family 2 4 4 6 6 7 5 34 Big Machine 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 7 Organism 2 0 0 1 2 0 2 7 Group of People 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 7 Working Groups 2 0 1 1 0 1 1 6 Organization Metaphor Dynasty 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 Soccer Team 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 5 Orchestra 0 1 0 1 1 1 3 7 Army 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 5 Big Family 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Others 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 4 Total 14 14 8 16 15 13 20 100
  • 20. Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by 46 - 50 years related
  • 21. Organization Metaphor * Length of Work Cross tabulation Length of Work Total <1 - 5 years 5 - 10 years 10 - 15 years 15 - 25 years Ship 6 4 2 3 15 Big Family 10 8 11 5 34 Big Machine 2 1 3 1 7 Organism 2 2 2 1 7 Group of People 3 2 1 1 7 Working Groups 2 2 2 0 6 Organization Metaphor Dynasty 0 1 0 1 2 Soccer Team 4 1 0 0 5 Orchestra 2 2 2 1 7 Army 2 1 1 1 5 Big Family 1 0 0 0 1 Others 2 1 1 0 4 Total 36 25 25 14 100
  • 22. Big Family metaphor was chosen by people who have 10 – 15 years work experience related
  • 23. Organization Metaphor * Types of Industry Cross tabulation Types of Industry Non Govern Religious Manufact Profit ment Service Total Trading Organiza Others 8 uring Organiza Organiza Business tion tion tion Ship 0 2 1 3 4 3 1 1 15 Big Family 6 1 7 1 3 9 7 0 34 Big Machine 4 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 7 Organism 1 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 7 Group of People 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 7 Organization Working Groups 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 6 Metaphor Dynasty 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 Soccer Team 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 5 Orchestra 0 2 0 1 2 2 0 0 7 Army 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 0 5 Big Family 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Others 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 4 Total 14 14 12 8 19 16 16 1 100
  • 24. Big Family metaphor was chosen by people who worked in religious organization related
  • 25. Leadership role
  • 26. Leadership Role * Gender Cross tabulation Gender Total Male Female Army General 2 2 4 Conductor 6 0 6 Helmsman 2 0 2 Ship Captain 6 2 8 Tour Guide 1 1 2 Coach 2 3 5 Meaning Maker 1 1 2 Leadership Role Head of Family 20 9 29 Hero 1 0 1 Coach 3 1 4 Mentor 6 5 11 Educator / Teacher 3 0 3 Guide 4 3 7 Knight 1 0 1 Shepherd 5 1 6 Others 6 3 9 Total 69 31 100
  • 27. Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by Male related
  • 28. Leadership Role * Age Cross tabulation Age Total 20-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 >50 Army General 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 4 Conductor 0 1 0 1 0 1 3 6 Helmsman 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Ship Captain 0 4 0 1 0 0 3 8 Tour Guide 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 Coach 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 5 Meaning Maker 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 Leadership Role Head of Family 3 5 2 4 6 6 3 29 Hero 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Coach 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 4 Mentor 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 11 Educator / Teacher 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 Guide 1 1 0 1 1 0 3 7 Knight 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Shepherd 2 0 2 1 1 0 0 6 Others 2 1 1 3 1 0 1 9 Total 14 14 8 16 15 13 20 100
  • 29. Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by 41-50 years old related
  • 30. Leadership Role * Length of Work Cross tabulation Length of Work Total <1 - 5 years 5 -10 years 10 - 15 years 15 - 25 years Army General 2 0 1 1 4 Conductor 2 1 2 1 6 Helmsman 1 0 0 1 2 Ship Captain 1 3 2 2 8 Tour Guide 1 1 0 0 2 Coach 3 2 0 0 5 Meaning Maker 1 0 0 1 2 Leadership Role Head of Family 11 5 9 4 29 Hero 0 0 1 0 1 Coach 0 2 2 0 4 Mentor 4 4 2 1 11 Educator / Teacher 1 1 0 1 3 Guide 2 1 3 1 7 Knight 0 0 1 0 1 Shepherd 4 1 1 0 6 Others 3 4 1 1 9 Total 36 25 25 14 100
  • 31. Head of the Family metaphor was chosen by people who have 10 – 15 years work experience related
  • 32. Leadership Role * Types of Industry Cross tabulation Types of Industry Non Governme Religious Manufactu Profit nt Service Trading Organizati Others 8 Total ring Organizati Organizati Business on on on Army General 0 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 4 Conductor 0 2 0 1 2 1 0 0 6 Helmsman 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 Ship Captain 1 1 0 2 3 1 0 0 8 Tour Guide 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Coach 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 5 Meaning Maker 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 Leadership Head of Family 5 1 6 0 4 5 8 0 29 Role Hero 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Coach 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 4 Mentor 2 1 1 0 2 2 3 0 11 Educator / Teacher 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 3 Guide 1 2 1 0 2 1 0 0 7 Knight 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Shepherd 0 0 2 0 1 3 0 0 6 Others 2 0 1 1 3 0 2 0 9 Total 14 14 12 8 19 16 16 1 100
  • 33. Head of the Family metaphor was mostly chosen by people who worked in miscellaneous organization related
  • 36. Big Family metaphor was mostly chosen by • Male • 46 - 50 years old • have 10 – 15 years work experience • worked in religious organization
  • 37. Leadership role
  • 38. Head of Family metaphor was mostly chosen by • Male • 41-50 years old • have 10 – 15 years work experience • worked in miscellaneous organization