3. The Holocaust was the mass murder of six million Jews and millions of
other people leading up to, and during, World War II.
4. Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany and its collaborators killed about six
million Jews. The victims included 1.5 million children and represented
about two-thirds of the nine Million Jews who had resided in Europe.
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5. The killings took and place in Europe between 1933 1945. They
were organized by the German Nazi party which was led by Adolf
Hitler.
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6. In 1921 Adolf Hitler became leader of the Nazi party. The Nazis were
racists and believed that their Aryan race was superior to others.
To them, an Aryan was anyone who was European and not Jewish,
Romany or Slavic.
7. Anthropometric devices were used by Nazis to distinguish Aryans
from no-Aryans.
These devices measures the body parameter of particular race.
9. Extermination camps were death camps equipped with gas chambers
for the systematic mass extermination of peoples.
10. They were built for the systematic killing of millions, primarily by
gassing, but also by execution and extreme work under starvation
conditions.
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14. A ghetto is a part of a city in which many Jewish people live separately
from the main German population..
15. During the holocaust the creation of ghettos was a key step in
separating prosecuting and ultimately destroying European Jew by
the Nazis.
The majority of ghettos inhabitants died of starvation ,disease and
shot dead or deported to killing centers. There were three type of
ghetto, open ,closed and destruction ghetto.
First ghetto was established in Poland.in1939.warsaw ghetto was
the largest one occupying 400000 people in 1.3 square mile.
17. A distinctive feature of Nazi genocide was the extensive use of
human subjects in "medical" experiment.
18. The most notorious physician was Josef Mengele, who worked in
Auschwitz.
His experiments included placing subjects in pressure chambers,
testing drugs on them, freezing them, attempting to change eye color
by injecting chemicals into children's eyes, and amputations and
other surgeries.
Josef Mengele
19. Kristallnacht or the night of crystal is referred to the night of broken
glass. The name refers to the wave of violent anti-Jewish pogroms
which took place on 9 and 10th
November ,1938.
The violence took over Austria, Germany and in German occupied
Czechoslovakia.
20. This happened when on 7th
November Jewish minor Herschel
Grünspan assassinated Nazi German diplomat Ernst vom Rath in
Paris.
This led to the violence in the street of Germany, window and door of
Jew's house that made of glass had broken and spread on the
streets.
Herschel Grünspan Ernst vom Rath
21. Concentration camps were used as places of incarceration.
The camps increasingly became places where Jews and Pows were
either killed or made to work as slave laborers, undernourished and
tortured.
The Germans established 15,000 camps and sub camps in the
occupied countries, mostly in eastern Europe
22. Gas chamber was a chamber used to kill masses of people by
releasing toxic fumes in chambers.
23. The Nazis believed that Jews were a problem that needed to be
removed. The mass killings of the Holocaust were what Hitler called
"The Final Solution".
Reinhard Heydrich convened the Wannsee Conference on
20 January 1942 in Berlin's Wannsee suburb.
The conference's initial purpose was to discuss plans for a
comprehensive solution to the "Jewish question in Europe."
The dining room of the Wannsee villa,
where the Wannsee conferencetook
place. The 15 men seated at the table
on 20 January 1942 to discuss the
"final solution of the Jewish question
24. Heydrich intended to "outline the mass murders in the various
occupied territories . . . as part of a solution to the European Jewish
ordered by Hitler .
To ensure that they, and especially the ministerial bureaucracy,
would share both knowledge and responsibility for the final solution.
25. The wounds of the Holocaust–known in Hebrew as Shoah, or
catastrophe–were slow to heal. Survivors of the camps found it
nearly impossible to return home, as in many cases they had lost
their families and been denounced by their non-Jewish neighbors.
The Allies held the Nuremberg Trials of 1945-46, which brought Nazi
atrocities to horrifying light.
26. Beginning in 1953, the German government made payments to
individual Jews and to the Jewish people as a way of acknowledging
the German people’s responsibility for the crimes committed in their
name.
The bodies of people killed in the concentration camp of "Bergen-Belsen,"
April 30th, 1945.
27. Victims (enlarged) Killed
Jews 5.93 million
Soviet POWs 2–3 million
Ethnic Poles 1.8–2 million
Serbs 300,000–500,000
Disabled 270,000
Romani 90,000–220,000
Freemasons 80,000–200,000
Slovenes 20,000–25,000
Homosexuals 5,000–15,000
Jehovah's Witnesses 2,500–5,000
Spanish Republicans 7,000