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kevin@learnnuggets.com
@learnnuggets
nuggethead.net
How To Communicate to the
Visual Cortex
What Learners Don’t See
Kevin Thorn
Vision trumps all other senses
Vision
Visual Cortex
Central & Peripheral
Visual Alphabet and Theories
Perceived Affordances
Kanizsa Triangle
Developed by Italian Psychologist, Gaetano Kanizsa in 1955
Brain creates shortcuts
100 Things Every Designer Should Know About People – Suzan Weinschenk
STOP
PEACE
WAR
NOW
Influence by shapes and color
STOP
PEACE
WAR
NOW
100 Things Every Designer Should Know About People – Suzan Weinschenk
2D 3DNOT
WE SEE
• Light enters through cornea and lens.
• Lens focuses image on the retina
• On the retina it is always 2D representation even if object is 3D
• Image sent to visual cortex in the brain
Visual
Cortex
Visual Cortex
Retina receives electrical patterns
Creates several tracks from those patterns – as
many as 12 tracks
(color, motion, location, edges, angles, etc.)
All data combined into two tracks
Movement: Is the object moving?
Location: Where is the object in relation to
me?
Ventral & Dorsal Streams
Visual
Cortex
Ventral
stream
Dorsal
stream
Visual Cortex – V2
• Dorsal: “Where” or “How” pathway
– Motion
– Representation of object locations
– Control of the eyes and arms; reaching
• Ventral: “What” pathway
– Form recognition
– Object representation
– Storage of long-term memory
These motor skills begin to develop
in the first year of life.
Once learned, these are stored in
long-term memory.
Peripheral Vision
TWO TYPES:
• Central – look at things directly
• Peripheral – everything else
Stop Clicky, Clicky, Bling, Bling
People can’t help notice things moving in their
peripheral vision.
EX: Reading text on screen and some animation
or blinking is off to the side. Think of sidebar
advertisement.
ANNOYING
Dave Gray – http://www.davegrayinfo.com
Visual Alphabet
Geon Theory
Irving Bierderman – http://www.bmva.org/bmvc/1993/bmvc-93-018.pdf
Irving Bierderman – http://www.bmva.org/bmvc/1993/bmvc-93-018.pdf
Every OBJECT if first a shape
That SHAPE occupies a space
That SPACE defines the OBJECT
Thorn – NuggetHead Theory
What is it? How did you know?
Shape Mashing
Mashed Shapes
• schedule
• deadline
• meeting
• retirement
• center piece
• end of an era
• celebration
• timeless
• commitment
• reliable
• steadfast
• passing of time
Same Image; Different Meaning
Instruction w/ Words
To make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich,
you will need two slices of bread, peanut
butter, your favorite flavor of jelly, and a knife.
With the knife, spread the peanut butter on
one slice of bread. Also with the knife, spread
the jelly on top of the peanut butter. When
finished, place the other slice of bread on top
of the already prepared slice with the peanut
butter and jelly. Smash and eat!
Same Instructions w/ no Words
Perceived Affordances
Perceived Affordances
Perceived Affordances
Perceived Affordances
Pull or Push?
Pull or Push?
Digital Learning Instructional Text
To open the door
grasp the handle
with a firm grip
and push down
rotating the lever
until the latch
frees from the
door jamb while
slightly applying
forward pressure
until the door
swings open.
Trust your learners that
they know how to click
the next button without
you telling them how.
Pull or Push?
Pull or Push?
The following slides represent good
visual design that does not require
“how to navigate this app” instructions.
Amazon Shopping
eBay
Fab
GoComics
NARR8
Smithsonian Channel
ArtRage
To continue click the
Next button to begin
Old school sidebar
Menu design
Distracting?
First screen. Why is this arrow here? >
Why do we design with an attitude that our audience are idiots?
Wasted real estate?
Wasted real estate?
Company Logo
< If we have to remind users who they work for, we have bigger problems.
Design starts here
Design Differently
Thank You!
kevin@learnnuggets.com
@learnnuggets
nuggethead.net
Kevin Thorn, Chief NuggetHead

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How to Communicate to the Visual Cortex - mLearn13

Editor's Notes

  1. Half of the brains resources are dedicated to seeing and interpreting what we see.What our eyes physically perceive is only one part.The image coming in are changed and interpreted and it’s the brain that “sees”
  2. We *think* that everything in our world our eyes are sending information to our brains. Our brains then process the information and tell us what it is we’re seeing. In fact our brains may be interpreting something entirely different that what we actually see.What do you see?Triangle with black border in the backgroundWhite triangle on topNot really there. Your brain creates the shape of the upside down triangle out of empty space. It “expects” to see it.
  3. Light enters through cornea and lens.Lens focuses image on the retinaOn the retina it is always 2D representation even if object is 3DImage sent to visual cortex in the brain
  4. Recognition of patterns. Visual cortex turns 2D image into 3D representation
  5. Biz card exercise
  6. Marketers annoy us all the time. That’s why they have obnoxious flashy blinky ads in the periphery of a web page – we can’t help but notice.