GCE 'O' Level Examination Social Studies Notes

1. SOCIAL STUDIES - SEC 3
CHAPTER 1: MANAGING PEACE AND SECURITY
Causes of Gulf War
Factor Explanation Elaboration
Failure of Economic 1. There was much debate in the UN as to 5. There was always a
Sanctions whether the use of force was needed to possibility of some countries
separate Kuwait and Iraq. ignoring the sanctions for
economic gains.
2. The full effect of the sanctions would
need to take a year. 6. The Security Council voted
to use force to remove Iraq
3. The US felt that this was too long a wait
from Kuwait eventually.
to get Iraq out of Kuwait.
4. Moreover, sanctions will only work if all
UN members strictly adhered to them.
Failure of Diplomatic 1. The Arab League had voted to 4. When their attempts failed
Measures condemn the actions of Iraq, but it was again, the UN eventually
ineffective as the member countries voted to use force to
were divided among themselves what liberate Kuwait, resulting in
to do. the Gulf War.
2. The UN tried to send ambassadors to
negotiate with Iraq, but failed.
3. A deadline was given to Iraq to
withdraw while ambassadors tried for
the last time.
Fear of Iraqi 1. Countries in the world feared Iraq’s 5. This in turn will create
Dominance dominance over the world’s supply of problems for the world
oil. economy.
2. After the invasion of Kuwait, Iraq 6. Saudi Arabia knew that their
controlled 20% of the world’s oil armed forces were no
production. match for Iraq’s larger and
more experienced army.
3. The ease of Kuwait’s invasion might
encourage Iraq to be even more
aggressive and invade other countries.
4. Thus, Iraq will be able to set a high
price for the oil and solve their own
economic problems.
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