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Whats new in Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Clustering and Storage
- 1. www.mwh.ie What’s New in Windows Server 2016 Failover Clustering & Storage Aidan Finn, MVP Technical Sales Lead, MicroWarehouse
- 3. www.mwh.ie What’s New in Windows Server 2016 Hyper-V Aidan Finn, MVP Technical Sales Lead, MicroWarehouse
- 4. www.mwh.ie I About Aidan Finn • MVP, Cloud & Datacenter Management (Hyper-V) • Experienced with Azure, Hyper-V, Windows Server/Desktop, System Center, and IT infrastructure • http://www.aidanfinn.com • http://www.petri.com/author/aidan-finn • @joe_elway • aidanfinn.com Technical Sales Lead, MicroWarehouse
- 5. www.mwh.ie I About MicroWarehouse • Irish owned/located distributor • Park West, Dublin 12, Ireland • Distributors for: • Microsoft on-premises & cloud • Microsoft Surface • DataOn for Storage Spaces • Gridstore for Hyper-Convergence • SkyKick for Office 365 backup • And many more • Value added distribution: • Much more than selling licenses • Get your licensing right • Sales education • Technical training @MWHDistribution Value Added Distribution
- 7. www.mwh.ie I Agenda • Failover Clustering • Storage Replica • Storage Spaces Direct (S2D) • Troubleshooting • Some event news What we are covering today
- 8. www.mwh.ie The Theme of WS2016
- 9. www.mwh.ie I What Are the Talking Points? • Cloud • Inspired by Azure • Easier management • Improved service availability • Feedback has shaped WS2016 • https://windowsserver.uservoice.com • WS2012 and WS2012 R2 • 5 x WS2016 Technical Preview releases Cloud, cloud, cloud
- 11. www.mwh.ie I VM Start Ordering • Configure sets of virtual machines • Model dependencies of applications 1. Domain controllers 2. Database servers 3. Application servers 4. Web servers • Create dependencies • VM started • Delay/wait • Integration component heartbeat • Define success of a set • Example, 2 of 5 machines are running Hyper-V
- 12. www.mwh.ie I Storage Resiliency • Most infrastructure problems are transient • Glitch on a SAN network that lasts seconds • Delay in VM IO caused VMs to bug check • Takes several minutes to resume services • WS2016 adds Storage Resiliency • VM placed in Paused-Critical state when IO stops • Retains application state • VM starts again when storage resumes • Reduces impact on business Hyper-V
- 13. www.mwh.ie I Compute Resiliency • Most infrastructure problems are transient • Glitch on a cluster network that lasts seconds • 10 second glitch causes VM failover in a cluster • Takes several minutes for services to resume • WS2016 adds Compute Resiliency • VMs aren’t moved if they are still on the network • Repeat host issues cause the host to be quarantined for 2 hours • VMs are live migrated to healthy hosts Hyper-V
- 14. www.mwh.ie I Storage Resiliency • Moving VM placement load balancing from System Center to the core product • Runs: • Node joins the cluster • Every 30 minutes • Based on CPU and RAM • 3 levels of aggressiveness: • Low (>80%) • Medium (>70%) • High (Any host is 5% more than average) Hyper-V
- 15. www.mwh.ie I Cloud Witness • Multi-site cluster required a file-share witness • Preferable another cluster • In a 3rd site • Sites A & B each required connection to Site C • Azure is a 3rd site • Cloud witness • Blob API on storage account • Just a sequence number – no data • In testing, no one has incurred enough charges for billing! Stretch Cluster
- 16. www.mwh.ie I Site Awareness • Make clustering a DR solution • Provide site awareness to hosts • Normal placement stays inside the site: • Failover • Load balancing • VMs follow (Live Migration) CSV ownership • Prevents latent redirection going across the WAN Stretch Cluster
- 17. www.mwh.ie I Mixed Domain or No Domain • A cluster has always required AD membership • WS2016 supports: • All nodes in Workgroup • Nodes being in different domains • Great for SQL clusters • Can be used by Hyper-V • You lose Live Migration Stretch Cluster
- 18. www.mwh.ie I Storage Networking • SMB Multichannel • LBFO for SMB 3.x • 20 Gbps instead of 10 Gbps • Automatic failover • Failover clustering required NICs to be on different subnets/VLANs • WS2016 allows cluster NICs to be on the same subnet/VLAN • Simplifies configuration • Reduces VLAN provisioning Easier design and greater scale for SMB 3.0
- 19. www.mwh.ie Backup Office 365
- 20. www.mwh.ie I How do you restore that OneDrive file or Office 365 mail/mailbox?
- 22. www.mwh.ie I Challenge of Disaster Recovery • Microsoft witnessed lots of enterprises struggling with DR • Had a SAN in Site A and in Site B • Either had: • No storage replication (license too expensive) • Unsatisfactory replication • Microsoft decided to implement storage replication at the software layer SAN replication licensing
- 23. www.mwh.ie I Storage Replica Overview • Implemented in software low in the storage stack • Replication not affected by • Dedupe / thin provisioning • BitLocker • NTFS / ReFS • SMB • VSS • Doesn’t care about the physical storage • Two identical SANs • Two different SANs (including manufacturers) • Between Storage Spaces • Storage Spaces to SAN (and vice versa) Disaster recovery
- 24. www.mwh.ie I Replication • Block level • Replicates volumes • Only provisioned blocks (effective thin provisioning) • Synchronous replication • Zero data loss • Impact on storage latency • Best with <5 ms links • Up to 80 KM between sites • See Mellanox Infiniband and MetroX) • Asynchronous replication • Long distances between sites (latency) • Minimal impact on storage latency What is happening
- 25. www.mwh.ie I Seeding • You can seed data • How do you copy volumes to disk? • SR includes an interesting capability: • Replicate local volume A to local volume B • Faster than RoboCopy • RoboCopy cares about files – metadata • SR is lower in the stack – files/metadata are irrelevant The first synchronization
- 26. www.mwh.ie I Replication Networking • Uses SMB 3.11 • Easier firewall management • Can leverage SMB Direct (RDMA) • iWARP • ROCEv2 (routable ROCE) • Infiniband (MetroX) • You can define which network is used for replication • You can control this on a per replicated volume basis What is happening
- 27. www.mwh.ie Storage Spaces Direct
- 28. www.mwh.ie I Leveraging Servers & Commodity Disks • Normal rack servers • Internal disks • SAS / SATA • HDD • SSD (50,000 IOPS) • NVMe (420,000+ IOPS) • Required for production: • 10 Gbps networking • RDMA / SMB Direct Storage Spaces Direct
- 29. www.mwh.ie I Cluster The Nodes • Aggregate the servers • Up to 16 in a single cluster • In TP5 • Min of 3 (see later) • High availability • Leverage CSVFS Storage Spaces Direct
- 30. www.mwh.ie I Pool the Disks • Aggregate the disks • A Storage Spaces storage pool • Capacity • Performance (IOPS) • Fault tolerance Storage Spaces Direct
- 31. www.mwh.ie I Enable Storage Spaces Direct • Enable- ClusterStorageSpa cesDirect • Simplified setup • Analyses disks • Configures caching, tiering, and capacity Storage Spaces Direct
- 32. www.mwh.ie I Enable Storage Spaces Direct • Create virtual disks (LUNS) • Define tier sizes • Configure disk fault tolerance • Format with ReFS • Not NTFS • Add as cluster CSVs • Start using the cluster Storage Spaces Direct
- 33. www.mwh.ie I How We Can Use S2D Clusters • Scale-Out File Server • SAN alternative • Hyper-V nodes store VMs on S2D cluster using SMB 3.0 • New way to do SOFS instead of using JBOD • Removes the SAS layer • Adds possibility of cheaper SATA HDD/SSD • You actually can have 1 JBOD per node for more capacity • Hyper-converged infrastructure (HCI) • Each node is compute + storage • No SMB 3.0 – just store VMs on CSVs • Lego-block infrastructure Storage Spaces Direct
- 34. www.mwh.ie I Resiliency • Disk fault tolerance • Defined at virtual disk (LUN) level • Server fault tolerance • Up to 2 nodes • Rack fault tolerance • Define fault domains • Spread S2D nodes across racks • Disaster recovery • Hyper-V Replica • Azure Site Recovery • Storage Replica Storage Spaces Direct
- 35. www.mwh.ie I Caching • S2D supports SATA/SAS HDD, SSD and NVMe • Even a mixture of all 3 • Fastest disks in each node • Caching devices • Used as read/write cache in that node • Remaining disks are capacity devices • Each capacity device bound to 1 caching device • Used to create virtual disks (LUNs) Storage Spaces Direct NVMe SSD SSD SSD HDD HDD HDD NVMe SSD SSD SSD HDD HDD HDD S2D Node
- 36. www.mwh.ie I Multi-Resilient Tiering • Virtual disk can feature mixed disks (SSD and HDD) • Virtual disk can feature mirroring AND parity • 3-way mirror for 4+ nodes • 2-way mirror for 3 nodes • Writes sent to fast mirror tier • Cooler data sent, on the fly, to slower/economic parity tier Storage Spaces Direct Cache 3-Way Mirror Parity / Erasure Coding Write Demote aged blocks ReFS update of modified blocks
- 37. www.mwh.ie Speaking of Storage Spaces
- 38. www.mwh.ie I38 Storage Spaces hardware, distributed to European Union resellers SMB or Branch Office 2-Node Hyper-V Cluster 12 x clustered data drives (e.g. 4 x SSD + 8 x HDD, up to ~ 32 TB usable tiered Hyper- V storage) 1023W (1+1) redundant power 2 x clustered Hyper-V hosts, each with: o 2 x Intel® Xeon® E5-2600v3 (Haswell- EP) o DDR4 Reg. ECC memory up to 512GB o 2 x 1G SFP+ & IPMI management “KVM over IP” port o 2 x PCI-e 3.0 x8 expansion slots o 1 x 12Gb/s SAS x4 HD expansion port o 2 x 2.5” 6Gb/s SATA OS drive bays SAN-Alternative for Hyper-V Scale-Out File Server JBOD 24 x 2.5”, 32 * 3.5” or 70 * 3.5” JBODs Up to 660 TB usable storage for Hyper-V o 4 x 70 disk JBOD o 10 SSD + 60 HDD per JBOD o 3-way mirroring o Enclosure awareness / fault tolerance • Present to Hyper-V cluster using Windows Servers • Super-fast SMB 3.0 connectivity Coming Soon! Storage Spaces Direct • Hyper-Convergence using Windows Server 2016 • 1U and 2U models • Leveraging NVMe and SSD flash storage • A recent demo hit 2.4 million IOPS • To be launched at Microsoft Ignite (end of September)
- 40. www.mwh.ie I Easily Get Diagnostic Data • Data is in many logs across many servers • Failover clustering • Storage Spaces • Replication • SMB / Networking • Get-StorageDiagnosticInfo • Start logging from one place • Aggregate logs into 2 chronologically ordered files • Event log + ETL Troubleshooting
- 42. www.mwh.ie I Value-Added Distribution • Keep an eye on http://learn.mwh.ie • Follow @MWHDistribution • Or take our mailshots off your junk mail filter We will do our best to help
- 43. www.mwh.ie I Windows Server 2016 Launch • October 26th – The Irish Windows Server 2016 launch • 10am in Dublin City • Follow @MWHDistribution for details • Keynote + 2 breakout tracks (on-prem + cloud) • MVP speakers from around Europe • Including Didier Van Hoye, Damian Flynn, Carsten Rachfahl, Kevin Greene Community launch by MicroWarehouse & MVPs
- 44. www.mwh.ie I Azure IaaS VMs Hands-On Training • Novmber 22-24th in Dublin • 3 days of hands on, in Azure, IaaS VM training • Lots of practical work • From the basics to JSON, all in ARM/CSP • Storage, networking, peering/VPN, DMZ, VMs, PowerShell, backup, load balancing, geo-fault tolerance, and more! • Contact events@mwh.ie for registration & (low) costs details 3-day technical ARM/CSP training course
- 45. www.mwh.ie I Thank You! Aidan Finn aidanfinn@mwh.ie @joe_elway aidanfinn.com http://learn.mwh.ie @MWHDistribution Watch out for emails about future events!