1. Jump into Action
Open Government Data, Linked Data, and the Missing Blocks in
Korea
Haklae Kim, PhD. , December 2011

2. Today
This Presentation .....
Open Data and The Semantic Web
Introduction Summary
Open Government Data & Linked Data
2

3. Let‟s Start
Haiti Earthquake 2010
It is one of the worst earthquakes in the world; An estimated three million
people were affected by the quake.
3

4. Let‟s Start
OpenStreetMap – Project Haiti
A visualisation of the response to the earthquake by the OpenStreetMap
community.
Source: http://vimeo.com/9182869 4

5. Let‟s Start
“This led to changes in the constitution and the establishment
of a more open government” – WikiLeaks
WikiLeaks Data.gov
5

6. Let‟s Start
The Web as a Global Data Platform
.. a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet
6

7. Today
This Presentation .....
Open Data and The Semantic Web
Introduction Summary
Open Government Data & Linked Data
7

8. Overview
What is Data?
Data is information about things
Data is something machines can process
Data drives applications (e.g. web sites, mobile services)
Data is relations among things
8

9. Overview
What is Open (Government) Data?
“Open”
material (data) is open if it can be freely used,
reused and redistributed by anyone
“Government data”
data and information produced
or
commissioned by government or
government controlled entities.
Source: Open Knowledge Foundation, 2010
9

10. • Transparency
• Participation
• Collaboration
“My administration is committed to creating an unprecedented level of
openness in Government.” – Barack Obama
“Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies – Transparency and Open Government” Jan 2009

11. Data.gov – United States
Launched on May 21, 2009, Data.gov allows citizens to participate by
leveraging federal data sets to build applications, conduct analysis, and
perform research.
• The first phase of
Data.gov features
downloadable federal
data sets organized by
category and federal
organization.
• Data sets are available
for download in XML,
CSV, and shape file
formats.
11

12. Data.gov.uk – United Kingdom
Prime Minister, David Cameron, writes to all government departments, 31
May 2010: instructing them to free up more datasets as part of Transparency
Agenda
Establishment of the Public
Sector Transparency Board
chaired by Francis Maude,
Minister for the Cabinet
Office
The Board will be responsible
for setting open data
standards across the public
sector, publishing further
datasets on the basis of public
demand
12

13. 13
http://www.practicalparticipation.co.uk/odi/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Open-Data-Impacts-Timeline-Draft-0.1.png

14. Public Sector Dataset
Open Data Catalogues
State / Federal Private
 data.gov  data.worldbank.org/data-catalog
 datasf.org  www.undata-api.org/wiki/datasets
 data.edmonton.ca  gov.opendata.at
 data.gov.uk  data.reegle.info
 data.london.gov.uk  openbelgium.be
 digitaliser.uk  opengovdata.ru
 geodata.gov.gr
 data.suomi.fi
14

15. Public Sector Dataset
The State of Open Government Data
Source: http://tinyurl.com/44rub56
15

16. Case Studies
Applications
Postcode Newspaper Where Does My Money Go World Events Visualiser EU Public Data
16

17. Quick Guides
How to Open up Data?
Two key rules for opening up data
• Start out fast, small and simple
Keep it simple • Start out with a plan to open up just one dataset,
• or even one part of a large dataset is fine
• Engage with actual and potential users and reuses
Engage early of the data
and • The primary users can deliver data to ultimate users
engage often by transformation, remix, or distribution.
17

18. A quick method
4 Main Steps for Opening Up Data
1. Choose dataset(s)
• the dataset(s) you plan to make open
2. Apply an open license
• Determine what intellectual property rights exist in the data
• Apply a suitable „open‟ license that licenses all of these rights and terms of conditions
3. Make the data available
• in bulk and in a useful format or APIs
4. Make it discoverable
• post on the web and organize a central catalogue to list your open datasets
18

19. Today
This Presentation .....
Open Data and The Semantic Web
Introduction Summary
Open Government Data & Linked Data
19

20. Overview
World Wide Web
.. the universe of network-accessible information, an embodiment of human
knowledge using standard protocols
HTTP URI HTML
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Uniform Resource Identifier HyperText Markup Language
: the foundation of data : representations of the : the predominant markup
communication for the Web resource over the Web language for web pages
20

21. An essential concept
Link
.. a reference in a
hypertext document to
another document or
other resource
21

22. Links on the Web
document document
services services
people people
They are linked, but we do not know why these are linked.
22

23. Overview
The Semantic Web
… facilitates machines to understand the semantics, or meaning, of information on the
World Wide Web
23

24. Overview
Links on the Semantic Web
… the relationships between things and the properties of things (like size, weight, age
and price)
24

25. All data including documents, services, people ...
DATA links
DATA
The Semantic Web is not about links between web pages.
25

26. A vocabulary onion, building on FOAF, SKOS, SIOC, SIOC
Types, DC
(Source: Breslin, 2007) 26

27. Disconnected sites on the Social Web / Web 2.0 can be linked using
Semantic Web vocabularies
(Source: Breslin, 2007) 27 27

28. Definition
Linked Data
… refers to a set of best practices for publishing and connecting structured data on the
Web using URIs, HTTP and RDF.
Web of Data
HTTP URI RDF
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Uniform Resource Identifier Resource Description Framework
: the foundation of data : representations of the : the standard markup language
communication for the Web resource over the Web for the Semantic Web
28

29. Overview
Growth of Interlinks
… Linked Data provides the means to reach the goal of the Semantic Web – “the
emergence of a Web of Data”
2007-05-01 2007-10-08 2007-11-10 2008-02-28 2008-03-31
2008-09-18 2009-03-05 2009-03-27 2009-07-14 2010-09-22
29

30. Structured Wikipedia Multimedia Content
DBpedia BBC
Commercial Product Government Data
Best Buy UK Gov
October, 2011 30
295 interlinked datasets, approximately 31 billions triples

31. Quick Guides
Linked Data Ingredients
1. Things have names (a person, a city, a company)
2. Let these names start with http://
• then we can get more data about things using standard protocol
• others can directly point to things in my dataset (and vice-versa)
3. Represent data (relations among things) as a labeled graph
• do it by using a standard format (RDF)
31

32. Why
Linked Data and Open Government Data
32

33. Case Studies
Applications
DBPedia BBC New York Times thedatahub
33

34. Case Studies
Linked Government Data
UK Data-Gov Wiki Code for America Data Market
34

35. Reality Check
Concerned and Hurdles
Loss of licensing revenue
Loss of control
Legal challenges
Unwelcomed exposure
Difficult
Procedural changes
Privacy
National security
Complexity
Investment
Quality and Authenticity
Corruption, falsification of data
Customer service
Requires
Authority, Public Administration Readiness, and Civic Interest
and Readiness 35

36. How to Start
“We won‟t get there tomorrow, but maybe the day after” –
Rufus Pollock
Low-hanging fruit, Less conversational data and quick wins.
Fireout Rebuild
Expand, with
more…..
Data
Services
Efficiency
Costs saving
Transparency
Participation
Inclusion
36

37. The Missing Blocks
Korea e-Government
According to the UN's 2010 e-Government Readiness Index, Korea is No. 1 e-government
infrastructure.
Best Practices
- On-Nara Business Processing System
- Online Civil Service (G4C)
- Government Information Sharing System
- Online Public Participation
- Transparent e-Procurement Service
- Efficient e-Customs Service
- Easy and integrated Home Tax Service
2010 UN Global E-Government Survey - Information Network village
http://www.korea.go.kr/new_eng/main/index.do
37

38. The Missing Blocks
공유자원포털- Data.go.kr
.. Good starting point, but simple and effective process should be needed.
38

39. Today
This Presentation .....
Open Data and The Semantic Web
Introduction Summary
Open Government Data & Linked Data
39

40. 5
plan for open government data
★ Put your data on the Web
Stars ★★ Make it available as machine readable
★★★ Use open, standard formats
★★★★ Use a open data format – URLs, descriptions
★★★★★ Link your data to other people‟s data
40

41. Summary
Open Data, Government Data, and the Semantic Web
“Hope is not the best action”
 Open Government Data is cost-effective tool for governments to improve
service to citizens, civil society and business.
 Government data with Linked Data technologies will interconnect different
datasets across local governments, organizations, or nations with social
communities.
 Participation, participation, and participation. We need to design our
future.
41

42. Summary
Concluding Remarks
Listen
Communicate
Participate
42

43. For more information
contact Haklae Kim via
haklae.kim@gmail.com
Twitter: haklaekim
Or read up on the
sonagi blog at:
http://blogweb.co.kr