The document provides instructions for using the Exacta external drainage and monitoring system. It describes how to assemble the various components such as attaching the drainage system to an IV pole and patient line. Instructions are given for priming the system to remove air, leveling the drainage to the patient's head, setting the pressure threshold, zeroing the pressure transducer, and positioning the stopcock. Diagrams accompany the text to illustrate the assembly and setup of the Exacta system.
The document discusses dark energy, which accounts for about 70% of the mass of the universe but cannot be directly observed. Measurements of type 1a supernovae found that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, rather than slowing down as expected, suggesting the existence of a mysterious force exerting gravitational repulsion. This dark energy corresponds to Einstein's cosmological constant, which he later disregarded as his "biggest blunder" but may have been correct after all. Current theories hold that dark energy is responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe.
Recent Discoveries Relevant to Earth Science.pptxAntonetteAlbina3
The document summarizes recent discoveries from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, including the first full-color images of the Carina Nebula, Stephan's Quintet galaxy group, Southern Ring Nebula, galaxy cluster SMACS 0723, and the detection of water in the atmosphere of exoplanet WASP-96b. It also describes the discovery of a potentially rocky "super-Earth" exoplanet called TOI-1452 b that may be a "water world" due to its temperature and size. The international team that made this discovery was led by Charles Cadieux, a Ph.D. student at the University of Montreal.
TURP step by step operative urology series
for more resources:
www.uronotes2012.blogspot.com
enter your mail & press follow us by mail to receive our daily feeds
Air Ambulance 1, is one of the most experienced and trusted private air ambulance services in the world.
Our 24 / 7 bed-to-bed services include:
• Critical Care Air Ambulance
• Neonate & Pediatric Transports with Incubators
• Air MedEvac
• Medical Escorts
• Commercial Airline Stretcher
• Urgent Organ Transport
Air Ambulance 1 is a licensed provider as well as an A+ accredited business by the BBB.
24/7 Dispatch: USA: +1(800) 424-9000
International: +1(832) 900-9000
English: www.AirAmbulance1.com
Spanish: www.AirAmbulance1.com/es
French: www.AirAmbulance1.com/fr
The document summarizes the Big Bang theory, which proposes that the universe began as a singularity around 13.8 billion years ago and has been expanding ever since. It describes the early development and timeline of the universe from the initial singularity through inflation, baryogenesis, and cooling. The theory is supported by evidence like the cosmic microwave background radiation and Hubble's law of universal expansion. The future of the universe is uncertain but may involve continued expansion, eventual contraction, or a flat, stable state.
Filters used in radiology.ppt.radiology.Arya Prasad
Filters and grids are used in radiography to improve image quality. Filters shape the x-ray beam by absorbing lower energy photons. There are inherent filters from the x-ray tube and added filters like aluminum and copper sheets. Grids reduce scatter radiation using lead foil strips separated by spacers. Higher ratio grids provide better contrast but also increase patient dose. Factors like primary transmission, Bucky factor and contrast improvement factor evaluate grid performance. Positioning errors can cause grid cutoff where parts of the image are lighter. Air gaps also reduce scatter by increasing the distance radiation travels through the patient.
The document discusses dark energy, which accounts for about 70% of the mass of the universe but cannot be directly observed. Measurements of type 1a supernovae found that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, rather than slowing down as expected, suggesting the existence of a mysterious force exerting gravitational repulsion. This dark energy corresponds to Einstein's cosmological constant, which he later disregarded as his "biggest blunder" but may have been correct after all. Current theories hold that dark energy is responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe.
Recent Discoveries Relevant to Earth Science.pptxAntonetteAlbina3
The document summarizes recent discoveries from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, including the first full-color images of the Carina Nebula, Stephan's Quintet galaxy group, Southern Ring Nebula, galaxy cluster SMACS 0723, and the detection of water in the atmosphere of exoplanet WASP-96b. It also describes the discovery of a potentially rocky "super-Earth" exoplanet called TOI-1452 b that may be a "water world" due to its temperature and size. The international team that made this discovery was led by Charles Cadieux, a Ph.D. student at the University of Montreal.
TURP step by step operative urology series
for more resources:
www.uronotes2012.blogspot.com
enter your mail & press follow us by mail to receive our daily feeds
Air Ambulance 1, is one of the most experienced and trusted private air ambulance services in the world.
Our 24 / 7 bed-to-bed services include:
• Critical Care Air Ambulance
• Neonate & Pediatric Transports with Incubators
• Air MedEvac
• Medical Escorts
• Commercial Airline Stretcher
• Urgent Organ Transport
Air Ambulance 1 is a licensed provider as well as an A+ accredited business by the BBB.
24/7 Dispatch: USA: +1(800) 424-9000
International: +1(832) 900-9000
English: www.AirAmbulance1.com
Spanish: www.AirAmbulance1.com/es
French: www.AirAmbulance1.com/fr
The document summarizes the Big Bang theory, which proposes that the universe began as a singularity around 13.8 billion years ago and has been expanding ever since. It describes the early development and timeline of the universe from the initial singularity through inflation, baryogenesis, and cooling. The theory is supported by evidence like the cosmic microwave background radiation and Hubble's law of universal expansion. The future of the universe is uncertain but may involve continued expansion, eventual contraction, or a flat, stable state.
Filters used in radiology.ppt.radiology.Arya Prasad
Filters and grids are used in radiography to improve image quality. Filters shape the x-ray beam by absorbing lower energy photons. There are inherent filters from the x-ray tube and added filters like aluminum and copper sheets. Grids reduce scatter radiation using lead foil strips separated by spacers. Higher ratio grids provide better contrast but also increase patient dose. Factors like primary transmission, Bucky factor and contrast improvement factor evaluate grid performance. Positioning errors can cause grid cutoff where parts of the image are lighter. Air gaps also reduce scatter by increasing the distance radiation travels through the patient.
This document provides tips and tricks for maintaining an HPLC instrument. It discusses the benefits of instrument service plans and visually inspecting the instrument weekly. Inputs are shared from Nordic field service engineers on best practices like using certified consumables and troubleshooting from the flow path direction. Useful tools discussed include backpressure coils, syringes, and control charts in Chromeleon. Maintaining a log book and monitoring for high backpressure are also recommended.
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It defines important terminology related to PSVs and describes the types and operating principles of conventional, balanced bellow, and pilot-operated PSVs. The document outlines the procedure for early PSV sizing, including identifying capacity requirements, applicable standards, and inter-discipline interfaces. It also notes lessons learned regarding material selection and potential failure modes of bellow-type PSVs.
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It discusses important terminologies, types of PSVs, sizing basis, applicable standards, and the early sizing procedure. The procedure involves selecting possible orifice areas to meet capacity requirements. The objectives of early sizing are to remove holds in piping and instrumentation diagrams and allow early release of piping designs. The document also discusses inter-discipline interfaces, lessons learned, and quality management system documents related to PSV sizing.
Safety valves are automatic pressure relief devices that prevent excessive pressure buildup in systems like reactors, pipelines, and compressors. They open rapidly when pressure exceeds the set point to safely release pressure and reclose once normal pressure is restored. Proper safety valve design and sizing according to codes like API 520 and 526 is critical to ensure the valve can relieve the required flow rate without overpressurizing equipment. Key parameters include pressure conditions, required flow rate, orifice area, and type of valve.
The document discusses infusion pumps, including their uses, types, and common issues. It describes two basic types - syringe pumps and volumetric pumps - and some of their key features. It also outlines several issues that can go wrong with infusion pumps, such as medication errors, free flow of fluids, occlusion alarms, air-in-line problems, and tampering. Training is emphasized as crucial to the safe use of infusion pumps.
The document discusses infusion pumps, including their uses, types, common issues, and safety procedures. It describes two basic types of infusion pumps - syringe pumps and volumetric pumps. It outlines several things that can go wrong with infusion pumps like medication errors, free flow of fluids from gravity, occlusion alarms, air-in-line issues, and tampering. It stresses the importance of training for specific pump models before use.
nice Neotech Medical Systems is an Indian company established in 1997 that produces medical devices including Bubble CPAP systems. Bubble CPAP provides non-invasive respiratory support for infants by maintaining positive airway pressure. The company's Bubble CPAP systems feature accurate pressure delivery, humidification, and an integrated gas blender. nice Neotech has grown to over 125 employees and 4000 satisfied customers while achieving certifications like CE and FDA approval.
This standard operating procedure document provides the safety guidelines for extracting oils from algae using n-Hexane solvent. It outlines the procedures for cell density measurement, algae harvesting, pump operation for fractionating the algae-hexane mixture, and evaporating the hexane to recover the algal oil. The document includes appendices with figures illustrating the equipment setup, a schematic of fluid flows through the process, and a lab safety map. Training and sign-off are required before using these extraction procedures.
The document provides guidelines for checking anesthesia equipment and devices to ensure safety. It outlines procedures for checking the anesthesia machine, gas supplies, vaporizers, breathing systems, ventilators, monitors, and ancillary equipment before each use. Faults can develop so equipment should be re-checked if issues arise during a procedure. Records of checks must be documented to allow for auditing of safety procedures.
The document provides an overview of ventilator use, including basic equipment, terminology, settings, and procedures. It discusses checking ventilators, recommended initial settings for adult patients, different ventilation modes, transporting intubated patients, available resources, and types of ventilators. Safety procedures are emphasized, such as using standby mode before transferring patients or turning ventilators off and on.
The document is an owner's manual for a Krystal Clear Model 637R filter pump. It contains important safety rules, part references, setup instructions, maintenance instructions, and troubleshooting information. The manual instructs users on proper installation, use, care, and storage of the filter pump. It warns of electrical and other hazards and advises consulting a professional for any issues.
The most common type of anaesthetic machine in use in the developed world is the continuous flow anaesthetic machine, which is designed to provide an accurate & continuous supply of medical gases(such as O2 & NO2)mixed with an accurate concentration of anaesthetic vapour(such as halothane,isoflurane)& deliver this to the patient at a safe pressure & flow.
Modern machine incorporate a ventilator,suction unit & patient monitoring devices.
This document provides setup and use instructions for the ATMOS S 041 Negative Pressure Wound Therapy system. It describes the components, how to assemble the system, set the pressure, power on/off the pump, and change dressings. Instructions are given for continuous and intermittent therapy modes. The document also provides guidelines for cleaning, disinfecting, and disconnecting/reconnecting the wound drain tubing.
This document provides information about the basic components and functioning of an anaesthesia machine. It discusses the key components of the machine's pneumatic and electrical systems. The pneumatic system includes the high pressure, intermediate pressure and low pressure systems which are responsible for delivering precisely controlled gas mixtures from pressurized cylinders or central pipelines. The electrical components power and monitor the machine. The document also provides details on cylinders, pressure regulators and other individual parts that make up the overall anaesthesia machine.
The document provides an in-service training on the proper use and maintenance of the CAREvent ALS portable ventilator. It reviews the contents of the ventilator box, demonstrates how to operate the ventilator including setting the rate and volume, and outlines safety guidelines and cleaning procedures. The goal is to train individuals on this ventilator, which will be used to provide artificial ventilation during respiratory or cardiac arrest from the scene to the emergency room.
MECHANICAL VENTILATOR OD22BEE GROUP 7.pptxmendu7000
The document discusses equipment used in an intensive care unit, focusing on ventilators. It provides an introduction to ventilators, describes the basic components and parts of mechanical ventilators. It also covers the basic operating principles of ventilators, common ventilation modes, maintenance procedures and troubleshooting steps. Standard operating procedures for ventilating a patient are also outlined.
PRESENTATION ON SURGE ANTICIPATION VALVE.pptxholegajendra
Water hammer occurs when the flow of a fluid in a pipe is suddenly stopped, creating a pressure wave. This can damage plumbing joints, valves, and pipes. A surge anticipation valve (SAV) automatically opens when pump flow stops to relieve pressure. It has a double pitot valve that can sense pressure changes and opens quickly to maintain line pressure before closing slowly. Proper SAV installation, maintenance, and design requires information like flow rates, pressures, and water quality. SAVs can be installed above or below ground with different advantages and disadvantages for each.
The document discusses how to test the low-pressure circuit of an anesthesia machine. It describes how leaks can occur and methods to test for leaks, including positive and negative pressure leak tests. It emphasizes that machines with check valves must use a negative pressure test. Several components are tested, including the vaporizers, flow tubes, and check valves. Proper testing of the low-pressure circuit is important to ensure no leaks that could cause hypoxia or patient awareness.
This document provides tips and tricks for maintaining an HPLC instrument. It discusses the benefits of instrument service plans and visually inspecting the instrument weekly. Inputs are shared from Nordic field service engineers on best practices like using certified consumables and troubleshooting from the flow path direction. Useful tools discussed include backpressure coils, syringes, and control charts in Chromeleon. Maintaining a log book and monitoring for high backpressure are also recommended.
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It defines important terminology related to PSVs and describes the types and operating principles of conventional, balanced bellow, and pilot-operated PSVs. The document outlines the procedure for early PSV sizing, including identifying capacity requirements, applicable standards, and inter-discipline interfaces. It also notes lessons learned regarding material selection and potential failure modes of bellow-type PSVs.
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It discusses important terminologies, types of PSVs, sizing basis, applicable standards, and the early sizing procedure. The procedure involves selecting possible orifice areas to meet capacity requirements. The objectives of early sizing are to remove holds in piping and instrumentation diagrams and allow early release of piping designs. The document also discusses inter-discipline interfaces, lessons learned, and quality management system documents related to PSV sizing.
Safety valves are automatic pressure relief devices that prevent excessive pressure buildup in systems like reactors, pipelines, and compressors. They open rapidly when pressure exceeds the set point to safely release pressure and reclose once normal pressure is restored. Proper safety valve design and sizing according to codes like API 520 and 526 is critical to ensure the valve can relieve the required flow rate without overpressurizing equipment. Key parameters include pressure conditions, required flow rate, orifice area, and type of valve.
The document discusses infusion pumps, including their uses, types, and common issues. It describes two basic types - syringe pumps and volumetric pumps - and some of their key features. It also outlines several issues that can go wrong with infusion pumps, such as medication errors, free flow of fluids, occlusion alarms, air-in-line problems, and tampering. Training is emphasized as crucial to the safe use of infusion pumps.
The document discusses infusion pumps, including their uses, types, common issues, and safety procedures. It describes two basic types of infusion pumps - syringe pumps and volumetric pumps. It outlines several things that can go wrong with infusion pumps like medication errors, free flow of fluids from gravity, occlusion alarms, air-in-line issues, and tampering. It stresses the importance of training for specific pump models before use.
nice Neotech Medical Systems is an Indian company established in 1997 that produces medical devices including Bubble CPAP systems. Bubble CPAP provides non-invasive respiratory support for infants by maintaining positive airway pressure. The company's Bubble CPAP systems feature accurate pressure delivery, humidification, and an integrated gas blender. nice Neotech has grown to over 125 employees and 4000 satisfied customers while achieving certifications like CE and FDA approval.
This standard operating procedure document provides the safety guidelines for extracting oils from algae using n-Hexane solvent. It outlines the procedures for cell density measurement, algae harvesting, pump operation for fractionating the algae-hexane mixture, and evaporating the hexane to recover the algal oil. The document includes appendices with figures illustrating the equipment setup, a schematic of fluid flows through the process, and a lab safety map. Training and sign-off are required before using these extraction procedures.
The document provides guidelines for checking anesthesia equipment and devices to ensure safety. It outlines procedures for checking the anesthesia machine, gas supplies, vaporizers, breathing systems, ventilators, monitors, and ancillary equipment before each use. Faults can develop so equipment should be re-checked if issues arise during a procedure. Records of checks must be documented to allow for auditing of safety procedures.
The document provides an overview of ventilator use, including basic equipment, terminology, settings, and procedures. It discusses checking ventilators, recommended initial settings for adult patients, different ventilation modes, transporting intubated patients, available resources, and types of ventilators. Safety procedures are emphasized, such as using standby mode before transferring patients or turning ventilators off and on.
The document is an owner's manual for a Krystal Clear Model 637R filter pump. It contains important safety rules, part references, setup instructions, maintenance instructions, and troubleshooting information. The manual instructs users on proper installation, use, care, and storage of the filter pump. It warns of electrical and other hazards and advises consulting a professional for any issues.
The most common type of anaesthetic machine in use in the developed world is the continuous flow anaesthetic machine, which is designed to provide an accurate & continuous supply of medical gases(such as O2 & NO2)mixed with an accurate concentration of anaesthetic vapour(such as halothane,isoflurane)& deliver this to the patient at a safe pressure & flow.
Modern machine incorporate a ventilator,suction unit & patient monitoring devices.
This document provides setup and use instructions for the ATMOS S 041 Negative Pressure Wound Therapy system. It describes the components, how to assemble the system, set the pressure, power on/off the pump, and change dressings. Instructions are given for continuous and intermittent therapy modes. The document also provides guidelines for cleaning, disinfecting, and disconnecting/reconnecting the wound drain tubing.
This document provides information about the basic components and functioning of an anaesthesia machine. It discusses the key components of the machine's pneumatic and electrical systems. The pneumatic system includes the high pressure, intermediate pressure and low pressure systems which are responsible for delivering precisely controlled gas mixtures from pressurized cylinders or central pipelines. The electrical components power and monitor the machine. The document also provides details on cylinders, pressure regulators and other individual parts that make up the overall anaesthesia machine.
The document provides an in-service training on the proper use and maintenance of the CAREvent ALS portable ventilator. It reviews the contents of the ventilator box, demonstrates how to operate the ventilator including setting the rate and volume, and outlines safety guidelines and cleaning procedures. The goal is to train individuals on this ventilator, which will be used to provide artificial ventilation during respiratory or cardiac arrest from the scene to the emergency room.
MECHANICAL VENTILATOR OD22BEE GROUP 7.pptxmendu7000
The document discusses equipment used in an intensive care unit, focusing on ventilators. It provides an introduction to ventilators, describes the basic components and parts of mechanical ventilators. It also covers the basic operating principles of ventilators, common ventilation modes, maintenance procedures and troubleshooting steps. Standard operating procedures for ventilating a patient are also outlined.
PRESENTATION ON SURGE ANTICIPATION VALVE.pptxholegajendra
Water hammer occurs when the flow of a fluid in a pipe is suddenly stopped, creating a pressure wave. This can damage plumbing joints, valves, and pipes. A surge anticipation valve (SAV) automatically opens when pump flow stops to relieve pressure. It has a double pitot valve that can sense pressure changes and opens quickly to maintain line pressure before closing slowly. Proper SAV installation, maintenance, and design requires information like flow rates, pressures, and water quality. SAVs can be installed above or below ground with different advantages and disadvantages for each.
The document discusses how to test the low-pressure circuit of an anesthesia machine. It describes how leaks can occur and methods to test for leaks, including positive and negative pressure leak tests. It emphasizes that machines with check valves must use a negative pressure test. Several components are tested, including the vaporizers, flow tubes, and check valves. Proper testing of the low-pressure circuit is important to ensure no leaks that could cause hypoxia or patient awareness.
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
This presentation gives information on the pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes i.e. Eicosanoids. Eicosanoids are signaling molecules derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid. They are involved in complex control over inflammation, immunity, and the central nervous system. Eicosanoids are synthesized through the enzymatic oxidation of fatty acids by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. They have short half-lives and act locally through autocrine and paracrine signaling.
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory projectSIVAVINAYAKPK
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...Jim Jacob Roy
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient.
One of the basic concepts of gene therapy is to transform viruses into genetic shuttles, which will deliver the gene of interest into the target cells.
Safe methods have been devised to do this, using several viral and non-viral vectors.
In the future, this technique may allow doctors to treat a disorder by inserting a gene into a patient's cells instead of using drugs or surgery.
The biggest hurdle faced by medical research in gene therapy is the availability of effective gene-carrying vectors that meet all of the following criteria:
Protection of transgene or genetic cargo from degradative action of systemic and endonucleases,
Delivery of genetic material to the target site, i.e., either cell cytoplasm or nucleus,
Low potential of triggering unwanted immune responses or genotoxicity,
Economical and feasible availability for patients .
Viruses are naturally evolved vehicles that efficiently transfer their genes into host cells.
Choice of viral vector is dependent on gene transfer efficiency, capacity to carry foreign genes, toxicity, stability, immune responses towards viral antigens and potential viral recombination.
There are a wide variety of vectors used to deliver DNA or oligo nucleotides into mammalian cells, either in vitro or in vivo.
The most common vector system based on retroviruses, adenoviruses, herpes simplex viruses, adeno associated viruses.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
2. • Reusable Blue
Pole-Clamp
• Single-Use
Drainage System
Components of
the Exacta®
System
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
2
3. • Loosen the black knob on
the pole clamp and secure
it to the IV Pole
Attach the Exacta®
System
to the IV Pole
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
3
4. • Slide the drip chamber bracket
into the groove at the top of
the blue pole clamp
• Attach the main-system
Stopcock clip to the bracket on
the blue pole clamp
• Example of the main-system
stopcock clip attached to the
pole clamp
Attach the Drainage System
to the Blue Pole Clamp
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
4
5. AttachtheExternalPressure
Transducer to the
Main-System Stopcock
• Remove the Blue Cap from
the main-system stopcock
• Attach the External Pressure
Transducer to the
main-system stopcock
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
5
Note: Medtronic does not provide
or sell External Pressure Transducers.
Please refer to your Transducer
Manufacturer’s Instructions for Use.
6. • Rotate the patient line stopcock
180º
so fluid can be pushed in the
direction of the drip chamber
• Priming the patient line
all the way through to the
drip chamber
Ensure all air bubbles are
eliminated from the patient line
• Using a 30 cc syringe and
preservative-free normal
sterile saline, access the patient
line stopcock injection site and
prime the patient line towards
the short section of tubing (the
end that connects to ventricular
catheter)
Ensure line is fully primed and all air
bubbles are removed
Priming the Patient Line
Fluid flowing
towards end of
patient line
Fluid flowing
towards
drainage system
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
6
7. Prime the External
Pressure Transducer*
Prime the Transducer
Reapply End-cap to Transducer
• If using a pressure transducer,
prime it at this time
• Using sterile technique,
loosen or remove the end-cap
on transducer
• Rotate the main system
stopcock as show in
this image
• Push the sterile saline solution
through the inner tubing
of the transducer and insure
that all air bubbles have
been removed.
Note: Fluid is being injected from
syringe connected to patient
line stopcock
• Reapply end-cap to transducer
* Please refer to your Transducer
Manufacturer’s Instructions for Use.
Transducer tubing
primed with fluid
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
7
8. • The attached Exacta®
Laser
Level can be used to level the
drainage system to the patient’s
head
• Activate the laser by pressing
and releasing red power button
(Laser will stay on for 20-30 seconds,
then turn off automatically)
Level Drainage System
to Patient’s Head
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
8
9. Level Drainage System
to Patient’s Head
• Rotate laser so it generally points
towards the patient’s head
• Ensure the laser is horizontally
level by using the yellow bubble
level on the top of the laser
• Bubble should rest evenly
between the two black lines on
the bubble level
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
9
10. • Once the laser is level, loosen the black knob on the pole clamp to
raise or lower the Exacta®
drainage system to a height such that the
laser points to the correct landmark on the patient’s head.
• Commonly Used Landmark is:
EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL
Level Drainage System
to Patient’s Head
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
10
11. • Raise or lower the drip chamber
to the pressure setting
described by the doctor
• The prescribed pressure
number should be aligned with
the white plastic“wings”on the
drip chamber bracket
• Tighten the drip chamber
locking screw
Setting a Pressure
Threshold on System
Pressure
Setting
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
11
12. • It is very important that
the“0”pressure level on the
pressure scale be level with
the patient’s head, prior to
zeroing the transducer
• Lower the drip chamber until
the white plastic“wings”on
the drip chamber bracket are
aligned with the“0”position on
the pressure scale
“Zeroing” the Pressure
Transducer* to
Atmospheric Pressure
* Please refer to your Transducer
Manufacturer’s Instructions for Use.
Zero Pressure
Level
Zero Pressure Level
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
12
13. • Rotate the knob on the main
system stopcock so that it is
turned off to fluid coming from
the patient, but open to the drip
chamber (see photo)
• The Clinician then pushes the zero
button on the bedside monitor
and the transducer is now“zeroed”
to atmospheric pressure
“Zeroing” the Pressure
Transducer to
Atmospheric Pressure
Fluid coming
from the patient
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
13
14. “Zeroing” the Pressure
Transducer to
Atmospheric Pressure
IMPORTANT NOTE
• The section of tubing located
between the drip chamber
and the transducer, must be
completely filled with fluid from
end to end
• This section of tubing is
highlighted in red in this photo
• If the tubing is not completely
filled with fluid, you will not
accurately“zero”the transducer
to atmospheric pressure
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
14
15. • Once the pressure transducer
has been“zeroed”, the drip
chamber needs to be raised
back to the prescribed setting.
• Also adjust the main-system
stopcock so it is turned“off”
to the transducer, thus allowing
fluid flow from the patient
into the drip chamber.
“Zeroing” the Pressure
Transducer to
Atmospheric Pressure
Pressure
Setting
Prescribed by
Physician
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
15
16. • 12 o’clock position – off
to patient – safe position
for patient transfer
• 3 o’clock position – open
to drainage and obtaining
ICP reading
Main System
Stopcock Positions
Fluid coming from
the patient
Fluid coming from
the patient
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
16
17. Main System
Stopcock Positions
• 6 o’clock position – off to
drip chamber and obtaining an
ICP reading
• 9 o’clock position – off
to transducer – patient will
drain into drip chamber
Fluid coming from
the patient
Fluid coming from
the patient
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
17
18. • The Exacta Drainage System
is designed with a hydrophobic
filter/vent that will not get wet.
As a result the filter will not
clog if it comes in contact with
fluid when the system is laid in a
horizontal position.
Exacta®
System
Hydrophobic Filter
Hydrophobic Vent on
top of Drip Chamber
Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
18
19. Refer to product package insert for instructions,
warnings, precautions and complications.
19