Virtues Of Pre Glazing

VIRTUES OF PRE-GLAZING
For Windborne Debris

SMI Systems, continuing education program for architects
SMI AIA Provider Number: L407
AIA Course Reference: SMI101
This course qualifies for 1.0 LU AIA/CES credits

Virtues of Pre-Glazing

SMI Systems engineers and manufactures custom window
systems for the hurricane market. SMI has over 200 glazier-
dealers distributing their products throughout Florida, the
eastern seaboard, the Caribbean and Latin America.

Based out of Miami, Florida, SMI has over 60,000 square
feet of manufacturing space. SMI’s product line includes a
full line of storefront, non-impact, impact and insulated
impact as well as unique door products such as showroom
doors, radius top doors and the K-2 Breeze.


SMI Systems is a Registered Provider with The American
Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credits earned
on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for
AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members
available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such, it does not include content
that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or
endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any
method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in
any material or product. Questions related to specific materials,
methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of
this presentation.

VIRTUES OF PRE-GLAZING
For Windborne Debris

Participants will learn:

1.  Designing Commercial Buildings for Windborne Debris

2.  Pre-Glazed Systems for Windborne Debris

3.  Product Evaluation for Windborne Debris

4.  Specifying Glazing Systems for Windborne Debris


WINDBORNE DEBRIS AND CODES

1936, building code recommended
hurricane shutters

1926, early hurricane damage to property


MOST DESTRUCTIVE HURRICANES (ATLANTIC)

Note: damages are listed in US Dollars and are not adjusted for inflation
Source: www.mthhurricane.com


WATER DAMAGE

Water damage, from hurricanes, to buildings are
the number one cause for insured losses

Canal Street, New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina

DYNAMICS OF A HURRICANE


MAINTAINING THE BUILDING ENVELOPE

•  Air
•  Water
•  Wind
•  Windborne Debris

•  Walls
•  Roofs
•  Louvers
•  Glazed Curtain Wall
•  Windows & Doors


KEY CONSIDERATIONS FOR HURRICANE
PROTECTION

1.  WIND PRESSURE

2.  IMPACT RESISTANCE

3.  WATER PENETRATION


STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

The primary consideration is maintaining
the structural integrity of a building


WIND SPEED


WIND SPEED – LOCAL MAPS

Google: Hernando county wind speed map

IMPACT RESISTANCE

•  Flying Debris
•  Breach the Envelope
•  Water Infiltration
•  Structure Damage


WINDBORNE DEBRIS

•  Miami-Dade & Florida standards TAS-201, TAS-202, TAS-203
•  TAS: Testing Application Standard
•  201: impact test
•  202: static air pressure (for impact & non-impact)
•  203: cyclic wind pressure loading

•  International Code Council (ICC) reference ASTM E 1886 &
ASTM E 1996


15

IMPACT TEST

Insert Impact Video


IMPACT MISSIEL REQUIREMENTS

Missile Missile Impact Speed Typical Use
Level feet/sec (mph)
A 2 gram steel ball 130 (89) Above 30 ft
Wind Zone 1 through 4
B 2 lb. Lumber 50 (34) Skylights < 30 ft.
Wind Zone 2 (Basic)
C 4.5 lb. Lumber 40 (27) Less than 30 ft.
Wind Zone 1 & 2 (Basic)
D 9 lb. Lumber 50 (34) Less than 30 ft.
Wind Zone 3 & 4 (Basic)
Wind Zone 1 & 2 (Enhanced)
E 9 lb. Lumber 80 (55) Less than 30 ft.
Wind Zone 3 & 4 (Enhanced)


WIND ZONE & MISSILE TYPES

ASTM E1996 MPH & Loca1on Basic Protec1on Enhanced Protec1on
<=30’          >30’ <=30’             >30’

Wind Zone 1 110 – 120+        C           A       D            D
(Hawaii)
Wind Zone 2 120 – 130        C           A       D            D
> 1 mile from coast

Wind Zone 3 130 – 140 or        D           A       E             D
120 – 140
< 1 mile from coast
Wind Zone 4 > 140        D           A       E             D
South Florida


FLORIDA WIND ZONES


SMALL & LARGE MISSILE REQUIREMENTS

Small Missile
Above 30 feet

Less than 30 feet
Large Missile

Note: missile size based on protections classification and wind zone


CYCLICAL PRESSURE TESTING

•  Simulate positive and negative
pressures

•  Determines the approved
design pressures

•  9,000 total cycles

•  Cycling occurs after impact

•  **1342 cycles for non-glazed
products (i.e. shutters, storm
panels)


CYCLICAL TEST VIDEO


CYCLIC STATIC AIR PRESSURE LOADING

Loading Sequence Air Pressure Direc1ons Design Pressure (%) Number of Cycles

1 Positive 0.2 to 0.5 P+ 3,500

2 Positive 0.0 to 0.6 P+ 300

3 Positive 0.5 to 0.8 P+ 600

4 Positive 0.3 to 1.0 P+ 100

5 Negative 0.3 to 1.0 P- 50

6 Negative 0.5 to 0.8 P- 1,050

7 Negative 0.0 to 0.6 P- 50

8 Negative 0.2 to 0.5 P- 3,350

Total 9,000


WATER PENETRATION


WATER PENETRATION TESTING

•  Testing simulates wind-driven rain
•  ASTM E 547 test methods
•  Passing the test


WATER TEST VIDEO

Insert Water Test Video


GLAZING COMPONENTS

Each glazing component is critical to the overall
glazing system design and overall performance
•  Glass
•  Extrusions
•  Sealants
•  Hardware
•  Fasteners


IMPACT-RESISTANT GLASS


FASTENERS & STRUCTURAL BOND

Types of fasteners and locations must follow
specifications

Glass wants to pull out of frame,
structural bond is critical

Positive/negative pressures
from cycling 50 to 200+ PSF


EXTRUSIONS & HARDWARE


GLASS ATTACHMENT METHODS

Inside Glazed versus Outside Glazed


2

PRE-GLAZED SYSTEMS

Pre-glazed systems offer the best defense to
water penetration and are cost competitive


COMMERCIAL PRE-GLAZED SYSTEMS

Practically any type of commercial
glazing system can be pre-glazed


COMMERCIAL GLAZING METHODS

Stick System

Unitized (pre-glazed) System


STICK SYSTEMS


FIELD FABRICATION PROCESS

1.  Stock lengths of aluminum delivered to
the field

2.  Aluminum cut to dimensions on chop-
saw

3.  Installation holes drilled to specifications
in cut lengths

4.  Sealant applied to adjoining edges

5.  Frame assembled with fasteners

6.  Assembled frame installed into opening


FIELD FABRICATION - POTENTIAL ISSUE

1.  Stock lengths delivered to job
site
2.  Aluminum cut to dimensions
3.  Installation holes drilled to
specifications
4.  Sealant applied to adjoining
edges
5.  Frame assembled with
fasteners
6.  Assembled frame installed
into opening


PRE-GLAZED SYSTEMS


PRE-GLAZED: FACTORY ADVANTAGES

1.  Maximizes aluminum yield

2.  Precise aluminum cutting

3.  Precise installation holes prep

4.  Insures use of proper fasteners
5.  Proper silicone application

6.  Controlled environment for frame
sealant

7.  Controlled environment for silicone

8.  Packaging to minimize damage


PRE-GLAZED: FIELD ADVANTAGES

1.  Minimizes product handling
2.  Lowers jobsite traffic
3.  Reduces field labor
4.  Reduces trips to jobsite
5.  Increases jobsite safety
6.  Minimizes frame racking
7.  Reduces field mistakes
8.  Quicker dry-in time


PRE-GLAZING: COST SAVINGS


PRE-GLAZED BENEFITS


2 midtown - Miami, FL

Design Concern:
Project had short timetable and glazing
contractor was new to area
Product Considerations:
Traditional commercial storefront or pre-glazed
storefront
Decision:
Pre-glazed storefront
Reasons:
•  Pre-glazing minimized concern over inexperienced
glazier fabricating product
•  The rapid timeframe also warranted the fastest
install possible
•  Additionally, the windows required applied muntins
which would have been extremely difficult to apply
on the exterior after installation
Result:
Project stayed on time and the glazier was able to
focus on installation vs. fabrication

2 midtown


GLAZING SYSTEM DESIGN

•  Test performance
•  Real life performance
•  Ease of installation
•  Ease of use
•  Project longevity
•  Aesthetics
•  Warranties
•  Customer satisfaction


QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS

•  Glass Type
•  Sealant Type
•  Glass Bite
•  Glazing Method
•  Extrusion Thickness
•  Stainless Steel Hardware
•  Quality Vendors


PRODUCT SELECTION: RESOURCES


PRODUCT SELECTION: PRODUCT DESIGN


NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE: NOA’S

Visit: www.miamidade.gov/buildingcode

PRODUCT SELECTION: INSTALLATION CONDITIONS

Example of manufacturers installation specifications (NOA)

PRODUCT SELECTION: WINDOW MANUFACTURER


PRODUCT SELECTION: MANUFACTURER WARRANTY

Example of manufacturers limited warranty

PRODUCT SELECTION: INSTALLATION MANUAL


Example of manufacturers installation manual

DUE DILIGENCE

Protect yourself and your clients by
doing your due diligence


Northlake Corporate Park - Miami, FL

Design Concern:
Four buildings, 60,000 s.f. office complex with
existing tentants
Product Considerations:
Traditional commercial storefront or pre-glazed
storefront
Decision:
Pre-glazed storefront
Reasons:
•  Speed of tear out and replacement
•  Concern over prior water intrusion caused by
previous poor installation and fabrication on the
jobsite
Results:
•  No tenant was inconvenienced more than one day
•  No water intrusion since installation (hurricane
Francis, Jeanne and Wilma)


Thank You
For additional information on impact windows
and doors please visit: www.impactglass.com


Virtues Of Pre Glazing

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