Talk presented at Asymmetrical Post-Main-Sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8): the Shaping of Stellar Outflows (Virtual), October 8, 2021, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16850317

1. Credit:
X-ray
NASA/CXC/RIT/J.Kastner
et
al.,
Optical
NASA/STScI.
Morphologies of
Morphologies of
Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
based on IFU Observations
based on IFU Observations
Ashkbiz Danehkar
Ashkbiz Danehkar
Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan
danehkar@umich.edu
Asymmetrical Post-main-sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8) e2021
Asymmetrical Post-main-sequence Nebulae 8 (APN8) e2021

2. 2
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Planetary Nebula Morphologies
Galactic Planetary Nebulae

Round (22%)

Bipolar/Multi-polar (20%)

Elliptical (49%)
With/without point-symmetric
Balick + 1987

3. 3
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae

CSPN: Mostly, H-rich surface abundances

25% H-deficient fast expanding atmospheres
resembling massive Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars
• Most Carbon-sequence [WR]
• few Nitrogen-sequence [WR]
– Abell 48 (Todt + 2013, Frew+ 2014)
– PB 8 (Todt+ 2010)

few weak emission line stars (wels)

some emission lines similar to PG 1159 star

4. 4
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae
• [WCL] late-type Teff = 20,000-80,000 K, V∞ =200-1000 km/s
• [WCE] early-type Teff = 80,000-150,000 K, V∞=1200-3500 km/s
• [WCL] → [WCE] → PG 1159 (Werner & Herwig 2006)
[WCL]
[WCE]
PG1159
Born-again Scenario (Day 2 Talks)
Blocker 1995
Binary Common Envelope (Day 1 Talks)
Siess +2013

5. 5
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy

Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita + 2007,2010)
 Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU)
 ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory
 Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1”
 spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
R ~ 3000 (~ 50 km/s)

6. 6
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
ANU 2.3 WiFeS
Gemini 8.1 GMOS
Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy

Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS; Dopita + 2007,2010)
 Image-Slicing Integral Field Unit (IFU)
 ANU 2.3-m Telescope, Siding Spring Observatory
 Field-of-view: 25” x 38”, spatial resolution: 1”
 spectral resolution: R ~ 7000 (~ 20 km/s)
R ~ 3000 (~ 50 km/s)

7. 7
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
What we learn from IFU Observations
Morphologies of non-compact PNe
– Compact PNe constrained by high-resolution images
Inclinations and orientations
– Also compact PNe without detailed morphologies
Shock Collision
– Velocity dispersion maps
– P-V diagram and velocity channel maps
Mapping excitation
– Low- and high-excitation mapping of extended PNe

8. 8
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Morphologies based on IFU
PN Th 2-A (Danehkar 2015, arXiv:1512.02330)
not spherical, but, elliptical with outflows

9. 9
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Morphologies based on IFU
PN M 2-42 (Danehkar+ 2016, arXiv:1601.01702)
with Fast, Low-Ionization Emission Regions (FLERs)
Akras & Lopez,2012
Hα (Parker + 2005)
Danehkar + 2016

10. 10
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Inclinations and Orientations
Hen 3-1333 and Hen 2-113 (Danehkar & Parker 2015, arXiv:1503.01551)
Compact objects ~3.5 arcsec
Outer faint lobes ~ 10 arcsec
PA = -15° (Hen3-1333), 65° (Hen 2-113)
agree with Chesneau + 2006 and Lagadec + 2006

11. 11
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Inclinations and Orientations

Galactic PNe around [WR] stars (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
HST images

NGC 6578

NGC 6567

NGC 6629

12. 12
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Inclinations and Orientations
PN M3-30 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
Danehkar 2021

13. 13
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Shock Collision
PN Hb 4 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
Derlopa + 2019
Danehkar 2021
Garcia-Sergura + 2018 (Day 1 Talk)
High Velocity Dispersion

14. 14
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Shock Collision
PN Hb 4 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994)
Danehkar 2021

15. 15
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Shock Collision
PN Pe 1-1 (Danehkar 2021, arXiv:2107.03994) High Velocity Dispersion

16. 16
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Future Plan: Excitation Mapping
Excitation levels dividing line based on shock
models of Raga + 2008
NGC 5189 (Danehkar + 2018, arXiv:1711.11111)

17. 17
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Future Plan: Excitation Mapping
PN Hb 4
Low-ionization Structures
Danehkar (in preparation)

18. 18
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
When a PN may not be a PN!
PMR 5 around massive WN star
(Parker+Morgan+Russeil, AAO/UKST Hα Survey, 2001)
[WN]: Morgan, Parker, Cohen 2006
May be a WN: Todt + 2016 (IAUS)
Spiral Morphology similar to WR 104
WiFeS/IFU (observed by Frew in 2009)
WR 104: Massive WN+ OB (Tuthill +
1999)
Danehkar (in preparation)

19. 19
APN8
Oct 8, 2021
Final Remarks
[WR] PNe: mostly elliptical morphologies (arXiv:2107.03994)
Deceleration: point-symmetric knots of Hb 4
Shock Collision / ISM Interaction: Hb 4 knots, Pe 1-1 outflows
Orientation of compact PNe detectable with IFU, but without details

20. Thank you for your attention
Credit:
X-ray
NASA/CXC/RIT/J.Kastner
et
al.,
Optical
NASA/STScI.