AHU Detailing
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This document discusses the components of an air handling system including a return air duct, air handling unit, return air damper, and supply air duct. It also mentions a door opening and references detailing of an air handling unit.
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2) A disc alone is not sufficient to prevent air entry; fins on the air baffle are needed to prevent large vortices from dragging in air.
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Importance of three elements boiler drum level control and its installation i...
Conversion of water into steam is the primary function of a utility boiler. The steam pressure is used to turn
a steam turbine thus, generating electricity. Within the boiler drum there exists a steam/water interface.
Boiler steam drum water level is one of the important parameters of power plant that must be measured
and controlled. For safe and efficient boiler operation, a constant level of water in the boiler drum is
required to be maintained. Too low water level may cause damage boiler tube by overheating. On the other
hand too high drum water level leads to improper function of separators, difficulty in temperature
controlling and damage in superheater tubes. Turbine may also be damaged by moisture or water
treatment chemicals carryover. The amount of water entering the boiler drum must be balanced with the
amounts of steam leaving to accomplish the constant water level in the drum. Therefore it is extremely
important to have the knowledge of the operating principles, installation requirements, strength and
weaknesses of drum water level control system. Ignoring these considerations can result in misapplication,
frequent maintenance, unsafe operation and poor instrument as well as system performance. In this paper
design aspects and installation requirements of boiler drum level control are discussed for safe and
economic operation.
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Drun level control
This document describes the closed loop control system used for boiler drum level control. It uses a three element control approach with drum level, feedwater flow, and main steam flow as process variables. During startup, a single 30% capacity feedwater control valve (FCV-101) is used to maintain drum level setpoint. At 30% load, control switches to two 100% capacity main feedwater valves (FCV-102) controlled via a three element algorithm. Drum level is measured by three level transmitters and averaged for input to the level controller (LIC-101). The controller output is summed with steam flow and used to set the remote setpoint for FIC-101, which controls FCV-102 position
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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. TYPES OF CONTROLS
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4. CONTROL LOOPS
5. APPENDIX: REFERENCES
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The presentation is about the boiler drum's water level control, which is used on the ship for generating the steam. The presentation briefs about some controls used overboard to maintain the level inside the boiler for continuous steam supply.
Equipment list k1 a amonnnia
This document lists equipment for an ammonia plant, organized into classes. It includes furnaces, heat exchangers, reactors, towers, drums, pumps, compressors, buildings, specialty equipment, electrical systems, instruments, and utilities. Over 100 items are described, ranging from the primary reformer and waste heat boilers to instrumentation, switchgear, and a deaerator.
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1) A reciprocating compressor takes in atmospheric air, compresses it using pistons driven by a crankshaft, and delivers the compressed air to a storage vessel.
2) Reciprocating compressors are classified as single-acting, double-acting, or multi-stage based on the number of piston sides in operation and number of compression stages.
3) The actual pressure-volume diagram of a reciprocating compressor differs from the theoretical diagram due to phenomena like valve bounce and intake depression that occur during the intake and exhaust strokes.
PJP1(Stage2) - Slide 4
The document describes the start up and shut down sequence of an absorption chiller. It involves checking parameters like generator temperature and pump connections before starting in either local or remote mode. The chiller can then operate in either cooling or heating mode depending on conditions. Cooling involves turning on chilled water pumps while heating uses hot water pumps. Sensors monitor water flow and temperatures during operation. The shutdown sequence involves turning components off in a specific order over time periods after a stop signal is received.
PJP1(Stage2) - Slide 6
The document provides troubleshooting information for various issues that could occur with an absorption chiller system, including the chiller not running, high chilled water temperature, generator alarms, combustion alarms, and other system alarms. It lists potential causes for each issue and steps to check components, settings, gas and water pressures/flows, and electric and control systems to diagnose and resolve the problems.
Drum level
This document discusses improving boiler room efficiencies through better boiler drum level measurement and control. It describes different methods of liquid level measurement including inferential, volumetric, and differential pressure measurements. It also discusses different strategies for controlling boiler drum level, including single-element, two-element, and three-element control systems. Maintaining proper boiler drum level and feedwater temperature is important for optimizing boiler performance and efficiency.
P & W FT8 Telemetry by Julio C. Banks, PE
Compressible Flow (air) and Heat Transfer Cooling of a Telemetry Package used in IGT (Industrial Gas Turbines)
B757 air systems
The air conditioning system supplies conditioned air to the flight deck and cabin. Two identical air conditioning packs cool bleed air and mix it with recirculated cabin air. The airplane is divided into three temperature zones controlled automatically. Bleed air from the engines or APU provides pneumatic power and can be used for anti-ice systems. The pressurization system controls cabin altitude automatically during climb, cruise, and descent.
Practical Boiler Control and Instrumentation for Engineers and Technicians
This document discusses the key objectives and performance indicators for boiler control systems. It provides an overview of boiler processes including elementary block diagrams of the steam/water system and combustion system. Expanded models are shown for the boiler process and heat conversion in the boiler. Basic control functions are outlined for drum level control, furnace pressure control, combustion control, and steam temperature control. Diagrams of common boiler types such as fire-tube, water-tube and fluidized bed designs are also included.
Adding new elements in old Control Loops
This is a general idea discussion, how we can improve our control methods by adding some control elements in conventional control loops (specially in solid fuel boilers)
INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESS CONTROL - BOILER CONTROL
This document provides an overview of three-element control for regulating the water level in a boiler. It discusses the shortcomings of two-element control, such as not reacting quickly enough to sudden changes in feedwater flow rate. Three-element control improves on this by adding cascade control of the feedwater flow rate based on both the water level and feedforward information from steam flow rate. The procedure outlines setting up the equipment on a training system to implement and test three-element control.
Flow phenomena of a siphonic roof outlet anqip format
This document summarizes observations from tests performed on a siphonic roof outlet. It was found that:
1) Air ingress into the system occurs through decreasing sized air pockets (plugs to bubbles), with fewer bubbles over time. Noise levels are correlated with this.
2) A disc alone is not sufficient to prevent air entry; fins on the air baffle are needed to prevent large vortices from dragging in air.
3) Waves reflect off the disc and fins, creating an interference pattern around the outlet.
4) Air continues to be sucked in even after water reaches the disc height, first as large plugs then smaller bubbles. Noise also correlates with this.
5) A "
Cold weather destratification energy savings of a warehousing facility.
INTRODUCTIONStratification is the physical occurrence of an increasing air temperature gradient betw...
CHECK LIST FOR ( HVAC ) WORK & SHOP DRAWING
This document contains a checklist for HVAC work and shop drawings. It lists over 40 items to check, including pipe and duct supports, insulation, equipment installation, wiring, labeling, access points, coordination with other building systems, and best practices for layout and installation. The checklist aims to ensure all critical components are addressed for a complete and code-compliant HVAC system design and installation. Contact information is provided for any required clarification.
Importance of three elements boiler drum level control and its installation i...
Conversion of water into steam is the primary function of a utility boiler. The steam pressure is used to turn
a steam turbine thus, generating electricity. Within the boiler drum there exists a steam/water interface.
Boiler steam drum water level is one of the important parameters of power plant that must be measured
and controlled. For safe and efficient boiler operation, a constant level of water in the boiler drum is
required to be maintained. Too low water level may cause damage boiler tube by overheating. On the other
hand too high drum water level leads to improper function of separators, difficulty in temperature
controlling and damage in superheater tubes. Turbine may also be damaged by moisture or water
treatment chemicals carryover. The amount of water entering the boiler drum must be balanced with the
amounts of steam leaving to accomplish the constant water level in the drum. Therefore it is extremely
important to have the knowledge of the operating principles, installation requirements, strength and
weaknesses of drum water level control system. Ignoring these considerations can result in misapplication,
frequent maintenance, unsafe operation and poor instrument as well as system performance. In this paper
design aspects and installation requirements of boiler drum level control are discussed for safe and
economic operation.
What's hot (20)
Rp 15081208 design and cooling performance evaluation @ masharie accommodati...
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Practical Boiler Control and Instrumentation for Engineers and Technicians
Practical Boiler Control and Instrumentation for Engineers and Technicians
INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESS CONTROL - BOILER CONTROL
INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESS CONTROL - BOILER CONTROL
Flow phenomena of a siphonic roof outlet anqip format
Flow phenomena of a siphonic roof outlet anqip format
Cold weather destratification energy savings of a warehousing facility.
Cold weather destratification energy savings of a warehousing facility.
Importance of three elements boiler drum level control and its installation i...
Importance of three elements boiler drum level control and its installation i...
AHU Detailing
- 1. Return air duct Air handling unit Door opening Return air damper Supply air duct Floor AHU Detailing