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DENTAL BURS 
Guided By: 
Dr Sandeep Metgud 
Dr Deepali Aggerwal 
Presented by: 
Dr Ashish chhajlani
Content 
Introduction and Definition 
History 
Parts of the Dental Bur 
Classification of Dental Bur 
Design Of Dental Bur 
Significance Of Bur Design 
Modification in Bur Design 
Cutting Mechanism of Dental Bur 
Factor Influencing Dental Bur
DEFINITION: 
“The term Bur is applied to all 
rotary cutting instrument that 
have bladed cutting heads.” 
Strudevants 5th edition 
or 
A bur is revolving cutting 
instrument which has a cutting 
blades on head.
History 
Early around 1728 Hand rotated drills were used 
First machine made burs introduced in1891 made up 
of steel. 
In 1940s Diamond abrasive points were introduced 
In 1947 carbide burs were introduced
Parts of dental bur 
The dental bur has 3 basic parts : 
Shank 
Neck 
Head
Shank design : 3 types of designs are commonly seen 
1. Straight Hand piece Shank : simple cylindrical held in 
straight hand piece by a metal chuck that closes to the 
shank diameter 
2. Latch type angle hand piece shank : it is also in cylindrical in 
shape but the posterior portion of the bur shank is flattened 
on one side. 
3. Friction grip angle hand-piece : The shank is simple cylinder 
and even smaller in dimension .
Classification of 
Burs
According to the Shank Design: 
1. Straight hand piece shank 
2. Latch type angle hand piece shank 
3. Friction grip angle hand-piece
According to Material Of Manufacturing 
1. Stainless Steel 
2. Tungsten Carbide 
Stainless Steel Bur Tungsten Carbide
According to shape of the Bur Head 
1. Round 
2. Straight 
3. inverted cone 
4. Tapered fissure 
5. Pear shaped
ACCORDING TO THE DIRECTION OF ROTATION 
Clockwise (right)- most common 
Anticlockwise (left)
ACCORDING TO THE HAND PIECE THEY ARE 
DESIGNED FOR 
1. Contrangle bur 
2. Straight hand piece bur
According to the Size of the bur head : 
The original numbering system groped burs by 9 shapes and 
11 sizes 
The 1/2 and 1/4 designations were added later when small 
instruments were included in the system.
Design of Dental Bur 
Dental Burs have blades which are usually in even 
numbers. 
cavity preparation burs have 6 , 8 , 10 blades 
The following features we normally seen in the Dental bur :
Bur Blade : These are uniformly spaced projections on Bur 
head which terminate in cutting edge. 
It has two surfaces : 
1. Blade Face / Rake Face 
2. Blade back / Clearance face 
Flute / Chip Spaces: These are the depressed areas in 
between the bur blades. 
Radial Line : This is the line connecting the centre of the bur 
and blades
Rake Angle : This is the angle between the rake face and the radial line 
. This may be 
Negative 
Positive 
Zero
Land: This represents the plane surface immediately 
following the cutting edge 
Clearance angle: This is angle between the clearance face 
and the work that is tooth. 
Blade Angle : this is the angle between the rake face and 
clearance face or the rake face of the land 
Radial Clearance : If the clearance face is curved it is 
known as radial clearance
Significance of Bur 
Design 
The rake angle is most important design feature of a bur 
blade. 
A positive angle increases the cutting efficiency but having 
following drawbacks : 
1. It tend to clog the cut debris in flute space 
2. it reduces the life of bur. 
A negative rake angle reduces the fracture of cutting edge 
thus increases the life of bur . 
Neck Design is also important feature in Bur.
Modification in Bur design 
With the development of high speed ranges a new cycle of 
modification of bur occurred 
The three major trends in bur design : - 
1. Reduced use of crosscut burs 
2. Extended Head Length 
3. rounding of sharp tip angle
Cutting Mechanism of Dental Burs 
For Effective cutting tooth structure the dental bur should be 
used at high speed . 
Adequate pressure must be applied . 
Two types of fracture mechanism Brittle and Ductile fracture 
occurs in tooth structure
Factors influencing the cutting of the burs: 
Factors that affects cutting of burs are following: 
1. RAKE ANGLE 
2. CONCENTRICITY 
3. CLEARANCE ANGLE 
4. RUN-OUT 
5. NUMBER OF TEETH OR BLADE & ITS DISTRIBUTION
RAKE ANGLE 
Order of cutting efficiency : 
Positive rake angle > radial rake angle > Negative rake angle.
Concentricity 
Concentricity is a direct measurement of the symmetry of the 
bur head itself. 
it measures how closely a single circle can be passed 
through the tips of all the blades of bur
CLEARANCE ANGLE: 
It provides clearance between the work & the cutting edge to 
prevent the tooth back from rubbing on the work. 
Large clearance angle may result in less rapid dulling of the 
bur.
Run Out 
Run Out is a procedure measuring the accuracy with which 
all blade tips pass through a single point when the instrument 
is rotated. 
It measures concentricity as well as accuracy of the centre of 
rotation passes through the centre of the head .
NUMBER OF TEETH OR BLADE & ITS DISTRIBUTION 
As the number of blades decreases, the magnitude of forces at 
each blade increases & the thickness of the chip removed by 
each flute correspondingly increases. 
Fewer number of bur teeth has increased space between bur 
teeth & thus decreases the clogging tendency.
Sterlization of Burs 
Some common sterilisation technique used for Burs : 
Dry Heat : Temperature at 320 F for 30 min 
Chemiclave : Aldehyde vapours at 270 F and 20 lb of 
pressure 
Autoclave : 2 % soduim nitrate solution is used ,
BIBLIOGRAPHY 
•Sturdevant’s Art And Science Of Operative Dentistry 
•Charbenues Operative Dentistry 
•Pickards manual of conservative dentistry
Life is full of Twists and 
Twirls… 
keep Your Attitude Sharpened 
with Positive Mentality 
Thank You

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Burs in dentisty ashish

  • 1. DENTAL BURS Guided By: Dr Sandeep Metgud Dr Deepali Aggerwal Presented by: Dr Ashish chhajlani
  • 2. Content Introduction and Definition History Parts of the Dental Bur Classification of Dental Bur Design Of Dental Bur Significance Of Bur Design Modification in Bur Design Cutting Mechanism of Dental Bur Factor Influencing Dental Bur
  • 3. DEFINITION: “The term Bur is applied to all rotary cutting instrument that have bladed cutting heads.” Strudevants 5th edition or A bur is revolving cutting instrument which has a cutting blades on head.
  • 4. History Early around 1728 Hand rotated drills were used First machine made burs introduced in1891 made up of steel. In 1940s Diamond abrasive points were introduced In 1947 carbide burs were introduced
  • 5. Parts of dental bur The dental bur has 3 basic parts : Shank Neck Head
  • 6. Shank design : 3 types of designs are commonly seen 1. Straight Hand piece Shank : simple cylindrical held in straight hand piece by a metal chuck that closes to the shank diameter 2. Latch type angle hand piece shank : it is also in cylindrical in shape but the posterior portion of the bur shank is flattened on one side. 3. Friction grip angle hand-piece : The shank is simple cylinder and even smaller in dimension .
  • 7.
  • 9. According to the Shank Design: 1. Straight hand piece shank 2. Latch type angle hand piece shank 3. Friction grip angle hand-piece
  • 10. According to Material Of Manufacturing 1. Stainless Steel 2. Tungsten Carbide Stainless Steel Bur Tungsten Carbide
  • 11. According to shape of the Bur Head 1. Round 2. Straight 3. inverted cone 4. Tapered fissure 5. Pear shaped
  • 12.
  • 13. ACCORDING TO THE DIRECTION OF ROTATION Clockwise (right)- most common Anticlockwise (left)
  • 14. ACCORDING TO THE HAND PIECE THEY ARE DESIGNED FOR 1. Contrangle bur 2. Straight hand piece bur
  • 15. According to the Size of the bur head : The original numbering system groped burs by 9 shapes and 11 sizes The 1/2 and 1/4 designations were added later when small instruments were included in the system.
  • 16.
  • 17. Design of Dental Bur Dental Burs have blades which are usually in even numbers. cavity preparation burs have 6 , 8 , 10 blades The following features we normally seen in the Dental bur :
  • 18. Bur Blade : These are uniformly spaced projections on Bur head which terminate in cutting edge. It has two surfaces : 1. Blade Face / Rake Face 2. Blade back / Clearance face Flute / Chip Spaces: These are the depressed areas in between the bur blades. Radial Line : This is the line connecting the centre of the bur and blades
  • 19.
  • 20. Rake Angle : This is the angle between the rake face and the radial line . This may be Negative Positive Zero
  • 21. Land: This represents the plane surface immediately following the cutting edge Clearance angle: This is angle between the clearance face and the work that is tooth. Blade Angle : this is the angle between the rake face and clearance face or the rake face of the land Radial Clearance : If the clearance face is curved it is known as radial clearance
  • 22. Significance of Bur Design The rake angle is most important design feature of a bur blade. A positive angle increases the cutting efficiency but having following drawbacks : 1. It tend to clog the cut debris in flute space 2. it reduces the life of bur. A negative rake angle reduces the fracture of cutting edge thus increases the life of bur . Neck Design is also important feature in Bur.
  • 23. Modification in Bur design With the development of high speed ranges a new cycle of modification of bur occurred The three major trends in bur design : - 1. Reduced use of crosscut burs 2. Extended Head Length 3. rounding of sharp tip angle
  • 24. Cutting Mechanism of Dental Burs For Effective cutting tooth structure the dental bur should be used at high speed . Adequate pressure must be applied . Two types of fracture mechanism Brittle and Ductile fracture occurs in tooth structure
  • 25. Factors influencing the cutting of the burs: Factors that affects cutting of burs are following: 1. RAKE ANGLE 2. CONCENTRICITY 3. CLEARANCE ANGLE 4. RUN-OUT 5. NUMBER OF TEETH OR BLADE & ITS DISTRIBUTION
  • 26. RAKE ANGLE Order of cutting efficiency : Positive rake angle > radial rake angle > Negative rake angle.
  • 27. Concentricity Concentricity is a direct measurement of the symmetry of the bur head itself. it measures how closely a single circle can be passed through the tips of all the blades of bur
  • 28. CLEARANCE ANGLE: It provides clearance between the work & the cutting edge to prevent the tooth back from rubbing on the work. Large clearance angle may result in less rapid dulling of the bur.
  • 29. Run Out Run Out is a procedure measuring the accuracy with which all blade tips pass through a single point when the instrument is rotated. It measures concentricity as well as accuracy of the centre of rotation passes through the centre of the head .
  • 30. NUMBER OF TEETH OR BLADE & ITS DISTRIBUTION As the number of blades decreases, the magnitude of forces at each blade increases & the thickness of the chip removed by each flute correspondingly increases. Fewer number of bur teeth has increased space between bur teeth & thus decreases the clogging tendency.
  • 31. Sterlization of Burs Some common sterilisation technique used for Burs : Dry Heat : Temperature at 320 F for 30 min Chemiclave : Aldehyde vapours at 270 F and 20 lb of pressure Autoclave : 2 % soduim nitrate solution is used ,
  • 32. BIBLIOGRAPHY •Sturdevant’s Art And Science Of Operative Dentistry •Charbenues Operative Dentistry •Pickards manual of conservative dentistry
  • 33. Life is full of Twists and Twirls… keep Your Attitude Sharpened with Positive Mentality Thank You