some places to travel in pakistan

1. HISTORICAL
PLACES
IN
PAKISTAN
Presented by
1. Masoora Bilal
2. Shafaq Saqib
3. Jawaria Imran

2. INTRODUCTION
– Historic site is an official location where pieces of political ,
military, cultural or social history have been preserved due to
their cultural heritage value.
– A Historic Site may be any building , landscape , site or structure
that is of local , regional or national significance.

3. MOHENJO-DARO
THE MOST DEVELOPED CITY OF INDUS
VALLEY CIVILIZATION

4. • The site of Mohenjo-
Daro
is in Larkana
District,Sindh,
Pakistan
• The site covers an
area of 250 acres

5. • Devadatta Ramkrishna first visited Mohenjo-Daro
in 1911-1912
• This mysterious culture emerged nearly
4,500 years ago and thrived for a thousand years.
• Mohenjo-Daro was discovered in 1922 by R.D Banerji , an
officer of , The archeological survey of India.

6. MOHENJO-
DARO SCRIPT
“Archeologists do
not know the
language for which it
was developed”

7. The City Had Two Planned Areas
1. At the western end of site is an area known as
Citadel
Several large buildings and structures on the
citadel mound suggest that this area may have
been used for public gatherings, religious
activities or important administrative activities.

8. .
The Lower Town
The eastern part of the city is known as the Lower
Town. The Lower Town is a large area which covers
most of the site of Mohenjo-daro. Archaeologists
believe that most people lived and worked in the
Lower Town.
Archaeologists divided the Lower Town into several
different areas while they were excavating.

9. MOHENJO-
DARO
TRADE

10. Art

12. COPARISION AND SIMILARITIES

14. SHALAMAR GARDEN

15. CONSTRUCTION
– The Shalamar Gardens were laid out as a Persian paradise
garden intended to create a representation of an earthly utopia in
which humans co-exist in perfect harmony with all elements of
nature. Construction of the gardens began in 1641 during the reign
of Emperor Shah Jahan. and was completed in 1642. In 1981 the
Shalamar Gardens were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage
Site as they embody Mughal garden design at the apogee of its
development.

16. NAMING OF GARDEN
– The courtiers told the Maharaja Ranjit Singh "that ‘Shala' was a
Turkey word which means ‘pleasure' and the mar means the place
to live in. Dissatisfied, he changed the gardens' name to ‘Shahla
Bagh' , "‘Shahla’ meaning in Persian 'sweetheart' with dark gray
eyes and a shade of red and ‘Bagh’ meaning ‘garden.’"

17. LOCATION
The Shalamar Gardens are
located
near Baghbanpura along
Grand Trunk Road some 5
kilometers northeast of
Lahore's Walled City.

19. BACKGROUND
– Lahore's Shalamar Gardens were built by the Mughal royal family
primarily as a venue for them to entertain guests, though a large
portion was open to the general public. The gardens' design was
influenced by the older Shalimar Gardens in Kashmir that were
built by Shah Jahan's father, Emperor Jahangir.The project was
managed by Khalilullah Khan, a noble of Shah Jahan's court, in
cooperation with and Mulla Alaul Maulk Tuni. Ali Mardan
Khan was responsible for most of the construction, and had a 100-
mile-long canal built to bring water from the foothills of Kashmir to
the site.

20. HISTORY
– Construction of the gardens began on 12 June 1641, and took 18 months to
complete. During the Sikh era.
– In 1806, Maharaja ordered the Shalamar Garden to be repaired.
– In 1962, the Shalamar Garden were nationalized by General Ayub Khan.
– The annual Mela Chiraghan festival used to take place in the gardens
until General Ayub Khan forbade it in 1958.

22. DESIGN AND LAYOUT
– Mughal Gardens were based upon Timurid gardens built in Central Asia and Iran
between the 14th and 16th century. The Shalamar Gardens are laid out in the form of a
rectangle. Each terrace level is 4–5 metres (13–15 feet) higher than the previous level.
– The uppermost terrace of the gardens is named Bagh-e-Farah Baksh, literally
meaning Bestower of Pleasure. The second and third terraces are jointly known as
the Bagh-e-Faiz Baksh, meaning Bestower of Goodness. The first and third terraces are
both shaped as squares, while the second terrace is a narrow rectangle.
– Shalamar's main entrance was onto the lower-most terrace, which was open to
noblemen, and occasionally to the public. The middle terrace was the Emperor's Garden,
and contained the most elaborate waterworks of any Mughal garden. The highest
terrace was reserved for the Emperor's harem.

23. The Shalimar Gardens are
divided into three distinct
terraces. The area in red is
the uppermost terrace, and
was reserved for the
Emperor's harem, while the
area in blue was reserved for
the Emperor. The area in
green is the lowest terrace,
and was occasionally open to
the public.

25. WATER FEATURES
– The Shalamar Garden's contain the most elaborate waterworks of any Mughal
Garden. The distribution of the fountains is as follows:
– The upper level terrace has 105 fountains.
– The middle level terrace has 152 fountains.
– The lower level terrace has 153 fountains.
– All combined, the Gardens has 410 fountains.

26. GARDEN PAVILION
• The buildings of the Gardens include:
– Sawan Bhadun pavilions.
– Naqar Khana and its buildings.
– Khwabgah or Sleeping chambers.
– Hammam or Royal bath.
– The Aiwan or Grand hall.
– Aramgah or Resting place.
– Khawabgah of Begum Sahib or Dream place of the emperor's wife.
– Baradaries or summer pavilions to enjoy the coolness created by the Gardens' fountains.
– Diwan-e-Khas-o-Aam or Hall of special and ordinary audience with the emperor.
– Two gateways and minarets in the corners of the Gardens.

27. TREES
• Almond
• Apple
• Apricot
• Cherry
• Gokcha
• Mango
• Mulberry
• Peach
•Plum
•Poplar
•Quince Seedless
•Sapling of Cypress
•Shrubs
•Sour and sweet
orange
•pomegranate

29. NOOR MAHAL,BAHAWALPUR

30. NOOR MAHAL,Gem of Punjab
– ‘Palace of Lights,’ the grandeur of Noor Mahal has made it one of the top
tourist attractions in Bahawalpur.
– Currently being managed by the Pakistan Army.
– The foundation for Noor Mahal in Bahawalpur was laid in 1872, but it was
completed in 1875.
– Nawab of Bahawalpur Sir Sadiq Muhammad Khan IV, built Noor Mahal in
honour of his wife.
– Occasionally, Nawab Sir Sadiq Muhammad also used Noor Mahal to hold
cabinet meetings or as a State Court.

31. History
– A British engineer named Mr Heenan is credited for designing the building
– The palace was built in the style of an Italian chateau.
– materials used in the construction of the palace were imported all the way from
England and Italy.
– At the beginning of the 20th century, then-Nawab of Bahawalpur Muhammad
Behawal Khan added a mosque to the premises. It was inspired by the design of
Aitchison College in Lahore.
– In 1965, the Auqaf Department of the government took over the palace. In 1971,
the palace was leased to the Pakistan Army,

32. History
– In 2001, the Government of Pakistan’s Department of Archeology declared
Noor Mahal as a “protected monument”.
– They also opened it for the general public.

33. The Architechture of Noor Mahal

34. Architecture
– Spread over an area exceeding 8 kanal.
– The palace has two floors,
– and a basement which comprise a total of 32 rooms,
– including 14 in the basement.
– The building also has five domes
– representing the traditional Islamic architecture in the sub-continent along with
wide Corinthian-style columns and pediments.
– Its location in the middle of a lush green garden with water tanks and fountains has
also added to its beauty.

35. Architecture

36. Architecture
– artwork displayed on the walls belong to Western artists. But you can easily see
a traditional touch in the décor in the form of
– elegant carpets,
– high-rise curtains,
– exquisite ornaments and
– other fixtures.
– In a classic fashion, visitors can also see some antique swords
– and muskets that are displayed on the walls.

37. Architecture
– The massive libraries in Noor Mahal
– as well as the vintage cars, also draw a lot of attention.

38. CONCLUSIONS
– The historical places of a country surely help the people to know about the
culture and the tradition of that particular place,
– it also helps the people to know about the steps taken by the ruler of that
particular area for the development of the people living in that particular
region.

39. THANK YOU……