3. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Trafficking from a National
Perspective
Vanessa Chauhan
Polaris
4. Federal Law – Trafficking Victims Protection Act
The recruitment, harboring, transportation,
provision, obtaining, patronizing, soliciting, or
advertising of a person for a commercial sex act, in
which a commercial sex act is induced by force,
fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced
to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of
age.
Sex Trafficking
The recruitment, harboring,
transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person
for labor or services, through the use of force,
fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to
involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or
slavery.
Labor
Trafficking
Sex Trafficking
Labor
Trafficking
8. Top 5 Venues for Trafficking of
Minors
Sex Trafficking
Internet-Based Commercial Sex
Hotel/Motel-Based Commercial Sex
Residence-Based Commercial Sex
Pornography
Street-Based Commercial Sex
Labor Trafficking
Peddling Rings
Traveling Sales Crews
Begging Rings
Domestic Work
Restaurant/Food Service
9. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Connecticut’s Response to
Trafficking
Tammy Sneed
Department of Children &
Families
10. Definitions
• Department of Children and Families (DCF) – CT state child welfare agency
• Human Antitrafficking Response Team (HART) – statewide partnership addressing child
trafficking
• Human Trafficking Task Force – The Task Force with oversight from the USAO consists of
federal, state, and local law enforcement officers and prosecutors who triage and
investigate human trafficking leads
• Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) – is the exchange of any sex act of a minor (child
under 18) for anything of value, in the U.S.
• Multi-disciplinary Team (MDT) - Multi-disciplinary teams (MDT) comprise of professionals
involved in investigating cases of child abuse and neglect, prosecution of child abuse and
neglect cases in court, and provision of treatment services to victims
• Child Advocacy Center (CAC) – the safe, child focused setting in which the supports and
services are offered to the children and non-offending parent or caregiver
13. Connecticut Flow Chart – Call into Careline
Call into
Careline Report to
HART
Director
HART
Director
Reviews
and
Includes
Partners
HART
Liaison
Provides
Consult
Multidisciplinary
Team(s)
Linked to
Specialized
Services
Human Trafficking
Task Force (USAO)
Local Law
Enforcement
Report to
Regional
Liaison(s)
14. Connecticut Flow Chart – Request for HART Consult
Request
for a HART
Consult
(active
DCF Cases)
HART
Director
Reviews
HART
Liaison
Provides
Consult
Multidisciplinary
Team(s)
Human Trafficking
Task Force (USAO)
& Local Law
Enforcement
15. HART Organization Chart
Service
Providers
HART Director
DCF
HART Liaison
DCF
Chapter Director
CT Children’s
Alliance
Law Enforcement HART Liaisons MDT
Coordinators
Faith Based Attorneys
Public Awareness
& Job Specific
Training
Labor
Trafficking
HART
Coordinator
School
Outreach
Medical Advocates State
Agencies
Emergency
Medical
Services
Homeless
Youth
Advocates
Survivor Informed
Practice &
Engagement
Placement
Options &
Availability
New
Resources &
Funding
16. Trafficking Legislation in Connecticut
• Minors under the age of 18 cannot be arrested for prostitution
• Victims of DMST are guaranteed an affirmative defense, and have the right to
vacate related juvenile records
• Victims of DMST can be classified as “uncared for” in order for DCF to provide
services
• Suspected cases of DMST shall be reported to the DCF Careline (800-842-2288)
• DMST cases are to be addressed through Multi-disciplinary Teams (MDTs)
• Buyers paying to sexually abuse a child can be charged with Commercial Sexual
Abuse of a Minor; this crime is a Class B felony when the child being purchased is
age 15 to 17 and Class A felony when the child is under the age of 15
17. 2
26
36
18
44
79
94
133
202
212
2
10
17 17
92
122
184
195
0 1 1 0
0
50
100
150
200
250
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Referrals by Year
January 1, 2008 – December 31, 2017
n=846
Number of Referrals Number of Boys Number of Girls Number of Transgendered
18. 2017 Race/Ethnicity
40%
29%
16%
10%
3% 1% 1%
Hispanic
Caucasian
African American/Black
Multi-racial
Unknown
Asian
Other
Race/Ethnicity Number
Hispanic 84
Caucasian 62
African American/Black 34
Multi-racial 21
Unknown 6
Asian 3
Other 2
2017 Race/Ethnicity
19. 2017 Age at time of Victimization
41%
21%
18%
15%
3%
2% 2%
15 to 16
13 to 14
17 to 18
Unknown
11 to 12
10 and Under
Over 18
Age Number
10 and Under 5
11 to 12 7
13 to 14 43
15 to 16 84
17 to 18 37
Over 18 4
Unknown 32
2017 Age at time of Victimization
20. 2017 Residence at Time of Exploitation
Residence Number
Parent/Guardian Home 141
AWOL/Runaway 26
Foster home 22
Congregate care 19
Relative/Other Home 4
Detention 0
Shelter 0
Missing/Unknown 0
67%
12%
10%
9%
2%
Parent/Guardian
Home
AWOL/Runaway
Foster home
Congregate care
Relative/Other Home
2017 Residence at Time of Exploitation
21. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
HART Response and
Resources
Christa Rider
Department of Children &
Families
22. HART Case Example
• 17 year old female
• DMST Victim
• No Law Enforcement Involvement
• Attorney would not consent for
youth to engage in services
• Youth was arrested and detained
multiple times and ended up on
Juvenile Parole
24. Regional HART Response
Area Office
Case referred to
HART Liaison to
complete DCF
HART Decision
Map
Multidisciplinary
Team (MDT)
Child Advocacy
Center (CAC)
Services and
Support Offered
to Meet
Individualized
Needs
Individualized
Goals Achieved
DCF Case Closes
Case may be
triaged with the
Area Office
HART Team
Consultation
with the Human
Trafficking Task
Force, if needed
25. • Youth Awareness: 45 to 60 minute Youth Awareness presentation to educate youth
ages 12 to 18 on child trafficking; can be done in assembly format
• Not a #Number: 5 session prevention curriculum developed by Love 146 on Human
Trafficking for girls, boys and LGBTQI youth, ages 12 to 18
• My Life My Choice: 10-session Exploitation Prevention Curriculum designed to change
girls’ (ages 12 to 18) perceptions of the commercial sex industry, as well as build self-
esteem and personal empowerment
• Survivor Care – Rapid Response: Rapid Responses are one-time interventions designed
to target the unique risk factors and needs of individual youth who have been identified
as confirmed victims, or highly suspected victims of human trafficking
• Survivor Care – Long Term: Love146’s Survivor Care Therapeutic Case Management
Program journeys with and provides support services to youth who are confirmed
survivors of human trafficking
Existing Resources in CT
26. • Foster Care: there are Therapeutic Foster
Parents who are trained to provide support
and placement for youth at high risk and/or
confirmed victims of DMST in CT
• Mentoring: there are DMST trained mentors
in CT
• Wilderness School: specialized events in
partnership with Love146/ Survivor Care
• Connecticut’s Provider Network: providers
are trained on child trafficking, service
provision is based on the need of each
individual youth
Existing Resources in CT
27. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Collaboration in CT: Child
Advocacy Centers and MDTs
Krystal Rich
Connecticut Children’s
Alliance
28. Child Advocacy Centers and
Multi-disciplinary Teams
• What is a MDT?
• Multi-disciplinary teams (MDT) comprise of professionals involved in investigating
cases of child abuse and neglect, prosecution of child abuse and neglect cases in
court, and provision of treatment services to victims.
• What is a CAC?
• The safe, child focused setting in which the supports and services are offered to the
children and non-offending parent or caregiver.
• What is the purpose of this model?
• To ensure better collaboration
• Reducing the risk of breakdown in communication
• Ensure the system set up to protect and respond to kids doesn’t revictimize them by
reducing duplication of services and work to achieve a best practice response
29. CACs and MDTs in CT
• How many CACs and MDTs?
• 10 Child Advocacy Centers
• 17 Multi-disciplinary Teams
• What does this mean?
• Every abused child in CT has access to the comprehensive and collaborative
response no matter where they live.
• What are there 10 CACs and 17 MDTs?
• Some of our CACs collaborate with 1 MDT and 2 CACs collaborate with more
than 1 MDT. This formula was created based on several variable including our
judicial districts, DCF districts as well as population.
30. CAC Standards
• Multi-disciplinary Team
• Cultural Competency and Diversity
• Forensic Interviews
• Victim Support and Advocacy
• Medical Evaluation
• Mental Health
• Case Review
• Case Tracking
• Organizational Capacity
• Child-Focused Setting
31. How does the Children’s
Advocacy Center Model
Work?
32. MDT/ CAC and Child Trafficking Cases
CAC and MDT Structure CAC and MDT Structure for Cases
Child Advocacy
Center
MDT and
Coordinator
MDT and
Coordinator
HART Task Force
Child Advocacy
Center
33. MDT/ CAC and Child Trafficking Cases
• Legislation Updates:
• Public Act (14-186) Mandated an MDT Response be
made available to all victims of child trafficking
• Public Act (17-190) Updated the Child Advocacy Center
and MDT case criteria and services standards
• Outcome Measurement System (OMS) Data:
• A satisfaction systems designed to gather information
from caregivers and MDT partners to better inform our
systems response
34. MDT Partner OMS Data
721
109
34
2017- As a member of a Multi-disciplinary Team
in CT, I have a clear understanding of my role
addressing cases of domestic minor sex trafficking
(DMST).
Agree Disagree N/A
436
175
171
2016- As a member of a Multi-disciplinary Team in
CT, I have a clear understanding of my role
addressing cases of domestic minor sex trafficking
(DMST).
Agree Disagree N/A
35. MDT Partner OMS Data
In 2016:
• 46% of MDT partners felt there were enough services to support DMST
victims in CT
• 56% of MDT partners felt they had a clear understanding of the system set up
to respond to DMST victims in CT
In 2017:
• 71% of MDT partners felt there were enough services to support DMST
victims in CT
• 81% of MDT partners felt they had a clear understanding of the system set up
to respond to DMST victims in CT
36. Caregiver OMS Data
436
175
171
2016- As a caregiver I feel I have enough
information and services to support my child
after our visit to the CAC.
Agree Disagree N/A
721
109
34
2017- As a caregiver I feel I have enough information
and services to support my child after our visit to the
CAC.
Agree Disagree N/A
37. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
HART Response and Case
Experiences
Christa Rider
Department of Children &
Families
38. HART Case Example
• 16 year old female
• DMST and Kidnapping Victim
• Strong Law Enforcement Response
• Youth was referred to MDT and completed a
Forensic Interview
• Creative with respect to how youth was
supported during the process (i.e. psychiatric
hospital, service providers, clinical supports
present directly before and after Forensic
Interview, etc.)
39. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Youth Perspective
Samantha Lowry
ICF
40. Youth Survivor Perspective – Major Themes
Youth survivors had a fear of law enforcement and expressed that their limited exposure
was due to a lack of trust and negative experiences with being treated as criminals. Victims
did not see police as a place for help.
Comfort was paramount! Survivors desired a balance of rules and comfort given the
important role that service providers play in their lives. The youth emphasized that an
honest opinion was needed along with a longer term support system. The adults in their
lives changed often and bonds were frequently broken.
The message to Judges was to look beyond what is on paper and listen to the survivor’s
perspective. Youth wanted to be more involved in the process and to speak directly to the
Judge. “Judges typically lock up youth,” which youth were open about and cited as the
reason to continue running.
Survivors overwhelmingly agreed that they did not have a say in the types of services
received, nor did they feel in control of their own lives/care.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
41. Youth Survivor Perspective
The places and people that taught these young survivors about human trafficking
included:
How did youth survivors obtain knowledge about Human Trafficking?
75.0 %
of youth survivors had
some prior knowledge of
what the term “human
trafficking” meant before
their disclosure
However, there was a
striking disconnect between
recognizing the term and
understanding the various
forms of human trafficking
and how they relate to what
the youth were
experiencing.
School
presentations/
programs
Service
providers
Hospital
staff
Therapy/
Therapists
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
42. Youth Survivor Perspective
One survivor who was identified through a police sting shared that she had not heard of the term “human
trafficking” until she was “caught in the sting” and officers explained the circumstances at the scene.
When and how were they first identified as victims?
Several stories were shared where youth could have been identified sooner if the people in their lives had a better understanding of
human trafficking.
Onesurvivor was
identified as a victim
through a police sting.
Sevensurvivors
were identified as
victims later through
disclosure while in care.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
43. Youth Survivor Perspective
A wide range of programs, organizations, behavioral health services, and trainings: in-home programs, probation,
family therapy programs, detention facilities, the role of the Department of Children and Families from their
viewpoint, Not a Number, My Life My Choice, involvement of school programs, and a variety of other systems and
supports that provided some type of service.
What types of services did youth survivors receive?
Secure Detention Facility:
Strict adherence to the rules and
attentiveness to the youth’s needs,
it was not a desired location
according to survivors. Secure
facilities made the youth feel more
like victims and were similar to the
control exerted by their traffickers.
Victim Service Provider,
Love146:
Known for the care backpacks and
comforting staff that were “highly
involved in [their] care.” This was the
only service that was described as
long-term and unbounded, which
youth found to be gravely important.
Based on comfort of survivors Based on safety of survivors
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
44. Youth Survivor Recommendations
#1: AWARENESS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
“More awareness, even for those not in the life. Like for bullies. They’ll call me whore. I’ve
had that happen to me… so, AWARENESS THAT PEOPLE ARE VICTIMS.”
Educate youth in
schools through service
providers or awareness
events to help with
reintegration into the
school system and help
eliminate bullying.
Youth survivors also
suggested that law
enforcement should
have more awareness of
the needs of sex
trafficking survivor that
is treatment focused
and trauma-informed.
Survivors wanted
parents and foster
parents to become
more comfortable and
open to talking about
bad situations, involved
in their daily lives, and
encouraging of healthy
environments.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
45. Youth Survivor Recommendations
#2: ACCESSIBILITY OF SERVICES
Service providers need a more
pronounced social media presence
Half of the youth survivors suggested that
service providers should have a more of a social
media presences such as Facebook, Snapchat,
blogs, websites, TED Talks, and apps for teens.
Service providers should utilize a variety of methods to connect victims and at-risk youth with
services so that a multitude of victims can be reached.
Law enforcement should become an
immediate resource for survivors
The youth survivors felt that law enforcement
should be an available resource to them,
however, a few of the youth had prior
experiences where they had not been treated
respectfully by police.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
46. Youth Survivor Recommendations
#3: COMPASSION AND HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS
Service providers should
put less pressure on the
survivors to talk right
away and especially in
group settings.
Alternatively, more
survivor led services and
support groups that
allowed survivors to talk
with one another.
Referrals should be more
inclusive of the survivors’
thoughts and concerns,
especially younger
survivors who tended to
feel like their voices were
not heard.
For law enforcement there
should be survivor-led
trainings on trauma-
informed responses and
sexual exploitation to
allow police to make more
meaningful connections
with victims.
Love146 was the model program.
The program and staff that did not judge, asked for the youth’s opinion, and offered
unconditional support.
Judges were also
described as being less
supportive of victims and
another entity that was
unwilling to allow the
victim to speak about
his/her experience.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
47. Youth Survivor Demographics
Hispanic
(12.5%)
Puerto Rican
(12.5%)
Caucasian
(12.5%)
African
American
(12.5%)
Multiethnic
(50.0%)
White
(62.5%)
Black
(12.5%)
Multiracial
(25.0%)
15 years-old (12.5%)
16 years-old (50.0%)
17 years-old (37.5%)
Ethnicity
Race
Location Gender Age
(n=8)
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
48. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Expansion and Statewide
Training Initiatives
Tammy Sneed
Department of Children &
Families
49. Connecticut Curriculums
• Introduction to DMST in Connecticut
• Introduction to Human Trafficking in Connecticut for Law Enforcement (POST Certified)
• Introduction to DMST in Connecticut for Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
• Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking of Boys & Male Bodied Youth
• HUMAN TRAFFICKING DAY 1 - Understanding commercial sexual exploitation of children and
domestic minor sex trafficking
• HUMAN TRAFFICKING DAY 2 - Working with youth at risk of CSEC/DMST as well as Labor
Trafficking by helping Staff understand and engage with child victims
• Fostering in the best & hardest of times: Helping foster parents care for high risk kids and child
victims of commercial sexual exploitation
• Youth Awareness on DMST
• Youth Prevention - Not a #Number (Love146 https://love146.org/ )
50. Statewide Awareness Efforts
2016 to Present
• Reported Trainings:
• General Training Sessions – 305
• Individual Attendees – 7,440
• Law Enforcement Training Sessions – 55
• Officer Attendees – 1,120
• School Training Sessions – 52
• Student Focused – 33
• Teacher Focused – 19
• Youth Awareness – 761 youth
• Not a #Number (youth prevention)
• 93 groups with 572 youth
• Annual Conference
51. TO PREVENT THE
EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN
we must reach them before traffickers do.
Love146: https://love146.org/notanumber/
Youth Prevention Curriculum
12 Not a #Number Facilitator Trainings in CT to date (3-days)
Approximately 117 facilitators in CT educating youth (5-sessions)
DEVELOPED BY
52. • More than 15 Training of Trainers (TOT) Courses
• 2 full days each
• Classroom Teach Back
• Live Teach Back
• 152 Trainers Statewide
• 87 Trainees to complete Live Teach Back
• Faculty Meetings Annually
• Review what is working and what is not working
• Newest research, data, etc.
• Curriculum Updates
• HHS ACF Pre and Post Surveys
Training of Trainers (TOT)
Training
Coordinator
53. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Training Evaluation
Samantha Lowry
ICF
54. Surveys collected from October 2014 through June 2017
4,865total surveys from 97 training events
2,448 surveys before the training (Pre-tests)
2,417 surveys after the training (Post-tests)
Awareness of Sex Trafficking Surveys
55. 55
Demographics: Trainee’s Field of Work (n=2,286)
28%
1%
1%
2%
9%
11%
14%
30%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Other*
Legal Community
Community Member
Juvenile Justice
Law Enforcement
Service Provider
Child Welfare
Education
*Common “Other” responses include “Student,” “Mental Health,” “Clinician,” and “Nurse.”
56. 56
Demographics: Trainee’s Position at Current Organization (n=2,255)
30%
1%
1%
2%
2%
3%
3%
4%
4%
5%
9%
11%
12%
15%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Other*
Doctor
Victim Advocate
Nurse
Probation Officer
Foster Care Provider
Child Protective Investigator
Local-Level Supervisor/Administrator
Foster Parent
Counselor
Caseworker
Mental Health Provider
Law Enforcement Officer
Teacher
*Common “Other” responses include “Student,” “Paraprofessional,” and “Social Worker”
58. 58
Demographics: Gender & Years of Experience
Female
75%
Male
23%
Other/Transgender 1%
Gender
(n=2,411)
Years of Experience
(n=2,075)
0 -2 years 14%
3-5 years 17%
6-10 years 23%
11-20 years 31%
21+ years 15%
59. 59
Survey Constructs
Constructs:
• Level of Knowledge (e.g. risk factors,
definitions and terminology) –
12 items rated on a scale of 1 to 5;
Maximum potential score = 60
• Beliefs (e.g. victim culpability) –
4 items rated on a scale of 1 to 10;
Maximum potential score = 40
• Level of Comfort (e.g. self-efficacy,
confidence in practice) –
6 items rated on a scale of 1 to 10;
Maximum potential score = 60
60. 60
Preliminary Scores (n=1,504)
Construct Average BEFORE the
Training
Average AFTER the
Training
Significant
Difference
Average
Knowledge
2.1
A Little Knowledge
3.4
Knowledgeable
**
Average Beliefs
2.6
False
2.2
Very False
**
Average
Comfort
4.6
A Little Uncomfortable
6.1
Very Comfortable
**
* Indicates the difference between means is statistically significant, p<.05
** Indicates the difference between means is statistically significant, p<.01
61. 61
Level of Knowledge by Field of Work
Field of Work Average Scores BEFORE Average Scores AFTER
Child Welfare
2.6
A Little Knowledge
3.7
Advanced Knowledge
Education
1.8
A Little Knowledge
3.2
Knowledgeable
Law Enforcement
2.0
A Little Knowledge
3.2
Knowledgeable
Service Provider
2.4
A Little Knowledge
3.6
Advanced Knowledgeable
All Fields of Work
2.1
A Little Knowledge
3.4
Knowledgeable
62. 62
Beliefs by Field of Work
Field of Work Average Scores BEFORE Average Scores AFTER
Child Welfare
2.3
Very False
1.6
Very False
Education
2.7
False
2.5
False
Law Enforcement
2.7
False
2.4
Very False
Service Provider
2.4
Very False
2.4
Very False
Across all Fields of Work
2.6
False
2.2
Very False
63. 63
Level of Comfort by Field of Work
Field of Work Average Scores BEFORE Average Scores AFTER
Child Welfare
5.7
A Little Uncomfortable
7.2
Very Comfortable
Education
3.7
Uncomfortable
5.5
Comfortable
Law Enforcement
4.8
A Little Uncomfortable
6.5
Very Comfortable
Service Provider
5.6
A Little Uncomfortable
7.2
Very Comfortable
Across all Fields of Work
4.6
A Little Uncomfortable
6.1
Very Comfortable
64. 64
• Significant difference between pre- and post-training across all three constructs
• Knowledge, beliefs, and level of comfort all changed positively
• Some survey items had lower ratings on surveys following the training:
• Knowledge of agency’s process for identifying sex trafficked youth
• Knowledge of agency’s referral process
• Knowledge of services available in community to treat sex trafficked youth
• Level of comfort with directly asking youth if s/he is trading sex for money, survival needs,
or other items of value
Summary of Findings
65. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Collaboration with Polaris
Vanessa Chauhan
Polaris
66. Polaris & Connecticut Collaboration
• Total Signals to the National Hotline from CT
• 1,455 [All Time]
• 190 [2017]
• Total Signals from Minors from CT
• <3
• Total HT Cases in CT
• 289 Cases [All Time]
• 59 Cases [2007]
• Total HT Cases involving MINORS
• 104 [All Time]
• Sex Trafficking – 81
• Labor Trafficking – 9
• Sex and Labor – 5
• Other/Not Specified - 6
• 18 [2007]
NHTH HOTLINE DATA
67. Top 6 Venues for Trafficking of
Minors in CT
Internet-Based Commercial Sex (9 cases)
Hotel/Motel-Based Commercial Sex (8 cases)
Escort Service/Delivery Service (6 cases)
Illicit Massage/Spa Business (5 cases)
Residence-Based Commercial Sex (4 cases)
Pornography (4 cases)
68. Polaris & Connecticut Collaboration
National Human Trafficking Hotline (NHTH) – safe space for CT
callers to get assistance and support.
69. BeFree TextLine [233733]
In 2012, Thorn
completed a survey of
U.S. citizen sex
trafficking survivors and
learned that many
believe SMS to be the
safest mode of
communication and
prefer to use SMS when
reaching out for help.
71. • 24 HR Response Protocols
for the National Human
Trafficking Hotline
- Law Enforcement
- Service Providers
• Resource for Hotline Data &
Trends
• Cross-Jurisdictional Service
Referrals and LE
Reporting/Connections
Polaris & Connecticut Collaboration
72. • Build the Safety Net
- Referrals for Hotline
Signaler’s: Potential
Victims/Survivors,
Friends/Family Members,
Law Enforcement, NGO’s &
Allied Partners, etc.
• Help Vet New & Existing
Organizations
• Encourage organizations to
apply to be a part of the
directory – Application
Form on Website
National HT Referral Directory
73.
74. ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
ICF proprietary and confidential. Do not copy, distribute, or disclose.
Strengths, Challenges, and
Next Steps
Tammy Sneed
Department of Children &
Families
75. • HART partnerships with public and private entities across the State
• Survivor Informed
• Centralized intake line, specifically Careline
• Wealth of training resources for professionals, communities, and
youth; consistent language, portable and free
• Partnerships with child protection, MDTs, HT Task Force, etc.
• Specialized services
• School-based curriculums
Strengths
76. • Cases that cross state lines and/or recovery of youth out of home state
• Victim Service Barriers:
• Confidentiality/Privilege
• Resources (data driven), funding, Trauma Informed (out of home, secure placements)
foster homes, etc.
• Partner Resources – Law Enforcement, Dept. of Labor
• Legislation – definition does not align with TVPA
• Underserved Populations (boys, LGBTQI)
• Labor Trafficking
Challenges
77. • Strengthen partnership with Polaris (multi-state, out of state)
• Strengthen Legislation to fully align with the TVPA
• Strategic Partnerships to ensure youth services and increased
positive outcomes
• Finalizing our MDT Response Protocol (statewide)
• Statewide assessment of labor trafficking
• Data collection processes (data elements and federal
requirements)
Next Steps
79. Resources
• HART: https://portal.ct.gov/DCF/HART/Home
• National Human Trafficking Training & Technical Assistance Center:
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/otip/training/nhttac
• Office for Victims of Crime Training and Technical Assistance Center: https://www.ovcttac.gov/
• Child Welfare Information Gateway: https://www.childwelfare.gov/topics/systemwide/trafficking/
• Polaris: https://polarisproject.org/
• Typology Report: https://polarisproject.org/typology
• On Ramps, Intersections & Exit Routes - A Road Map for Systems and Industries to Prevent & Disrupt HT:
https://polarisproject.org/a-roadmap-for-systems-and-industries-to-prevent-and-disrupt-human-trafficking
• National Human Trafficking Hotline: https://humantraffickinghotline.org/
• National Human Trafficking Referral Directory (Application Form):
https://humantraffickinghotline.org/training-resources/referral-directory/apply
• National Hotline Statistics: https://humantraffickinghotline.org/states
• Human Trafficking and Child Welfare: A Guide for caseworkers:
https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubPDFs/trafficking_caseworkers.pdf
• Center for States: https://capacity.childwelfare.gov/states/
80. Thank you for joining us! Questions?
Samantha Lowry:
Samantha.Lowry@icf.com
Vanessa Chauhan:
vchauhan@polarisproject.org
Krystal Rich:
ctchildrensalliance@gmail.com
Tammy Sneed:
Tammy.Sneed@ct.gov
*This presentation was also supported by: Christa Rider, Erika Mongrain, Caroline Diemar, and Aubrey Sneesby.
Editor's Notes
Connecticut 2017 Legislations on Human Trafficking
Public Act No. 17-32: AN ACT CONCERNING HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Assembly convened:
Section 1. Section 46a-170 of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2017):
(a) There is established a Trafficking in Persons Council that shall be within the Commission on Women, Children and Seniors for administrative purposes only.
(b) The council shall consist of the following members: (1) The Chief State's Attorney, or a designee; (2) the Chief Public Defender, or a designee; (3) the Commissioner of Emergency Services and Public Protection, or the commissioner's designee; (4) the Labor Commissioner, or the commissioner's designee; (5) the Commissioner of Social Services, or the commissioner's designee; (6) the Commissioner of Public Health, or the commissioner's designee; (7) the Commissioner of Mental Health and Addiction Services, or the commissioner's designee; (8) the Commissioner of Children and Families, or the commissioner's designee; (9) the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, or the commissioner's designee; (10) the director of the Basic Training Division of the Police Officer Standards and Training Council, or the director's designee; (11) the Child Advocate, or the Child Advocate's designee; (12) the Victim Advocate, or the Victim Advocate's designee; (13) the chairperson of the Commission on Women, Children and Seniors or the chairperson's designee; (14) one representative of the Office of Victim Services of the Judicial Branch appointed by the Chief Court Administrator; (15) a municipal police chief appointed by the Connecticut Police Chiefs Association, or a designee; (16) the Commissioner of Education, or the commissioner's designee; (17) an adult victim of trafficking, appointed by the Governor; and [(16)] (18) ten public members appointed as follows: The Governor shall appoint two members, one of whom shall represent victims of commercial exploitation of children and one of whom shall represent sex trafficking victims who are children, the president pro tempore of the Senate shall appoint two members, one of whom shall represent the Connecticut Alliance to End Sexual Violence and one of whom shall represent an organization that provides civil legal services to low-income individuals, the speaker of the House of Representatives shall appoint two members, one of whom shall represent the Connecticut Coalition Against Domestic Violence and one of whom shall represent the Connecticut Lodging Association, the majority leader of the Senate shall appoint one member who shall represent an organization that deals with behavioral health needs of women and children, the majority leader of the House of Representatives shall appoint one member who shall represent an organization that advocates on social justice and human rights issues, the minority leader of the Senate shall appoint one member who shall represent the Connecticut Immigrant and Refugee Coalition, and the minority leader of the House of Representatives shall appoint one member who shall represent the Motor Transport Association of Connecticut, Inc.
(c) The chairperson of the Commission on Women, Children and Seniors, or a designee, shall serve as chairperson of the council. The members of the council shall serve without compensation but shall be reimbursed for necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.
(d) The council shall: (1) Hold meetings to provide updates and progress reports, (2) coordinate the collection, analysis and dissemination of data regarding human trafficking, and (3) consult with governmental and nongovernmental organizations in developing recommendations to strengthen state and local efforts to prevent trafficking, protect and assist victims of trafficking and prosecute traffickers. The council shall meet at least three times per year.
(e) The council may request data and other information from state and local agencies to carry out its duties under this section.
(f) (1) The council shall:
(A) Develop a list of key indicators that a person is a victim of trafficking;
(B) Develop a standardized curriculum and conduct training for doctors, nurses, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, emergency medical services personnel, teachers, school counselors, school administrators and personnel from the Department of Children and Families and the Department of Public Health to identify victims of human trafficking, using the list of key indicators developed under subparagraph (A) of this subdivision, and assist such victims;
(C) Develop and conduct training for personnel from the Departments of Children and Families and Public Health on methods for identifying children in foster care who may be at risk of becoming victims of trafficking;
(D) Develop a plan for mental health, support and substance abuse programs for individuals identified as victims of trafficking and those arrested for prostitution in violation of section 53a-82. The plan shall provide for (i) the diversion of victims of trafficking and prostitution offenders into community-based treatment and support services, including, but not limited to, substance abuse recovery, housing, healthcare, job training, treatment and mental health support, and (ii) after the successful completion of the program, the dismissal of any related criminal charges against the accused.
(2) The council shall include such plan and any recommendations for legislation to implement the plan as part of any report submitted pursuant of subsection (h) of this section not later than January 1, 2018.
(g) The council shall examine the challenges faced by victims of trafficking who are persons without legal immigration status. The council may recommend services that such persons could benefit from and legislation to provide such services as part of any report submitted pursuant to subsection (h) of this section.
[(f)] (h) Not later than January 1, 2008, and annually thereafter, the council shall submit a report of its activities, including any recommendations for legislation, to the General Assembly in accordance with section 11-4a.
[(g)] (i) For the purposes of this section, "trafficking" means all acts involved in the recruitment, abduction, transport, harboring, transfer, sale or receipt of persons, within national or across international borders, through force, coercion, fraud or deception, to place persons in situations of slavery or slavery-like conditions, forced labor or services, such as forced prostitution or sexual services, domestic servitude, bonded sweatshop labor or other debt bondage.
Sec. 2. Section 53a-192a of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2017):
(a) A person is guilty of trafficking in persons when such person (1) compels or induces another person to engage in conduct involving sexual contact with one or more third persons, or provide labor or services that such person has a legal right to refrain from providing, by means of (A) the use of force against such other person or a third person, or by the threat of use of force against such other person or a third person, (B) fraud, or (C) coercion, as provided in section 53a-192, [or] (2) compels or induces another person who is under eighteen years of age to engage in conduct involving sexual contact with one or more third persons that constitutes sexual contact for which such third person may be charged with a criminal offense, or (3) otherwise commits an act that constitutes sex trafficking. For the purposes of this subsection, "sexual contact" means any contact with the intimate parts of another person, and "sex trafficking" means the recruitment, harboring, transportation or provision of a person for the purpose of engaging in sexual conduct with another person for a fee.
(b) Trafficking in persons is a class [B] A felony.
Sec. 3. Section 53a-83 of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2017):
(a) A person is guilty of patronizing a prostitute when: (1) Pursuant to a prior understanding, [he] such person pays a fee to another person as compensation for such person or a third person having engaged in sexual conduct with [him] such person; [or] (2) [he] such person pays or agrees to pay a fee to another person pursuant to an understanding that in return [therefor] for such fee such other person or a third person will engage in sexual conduct with [him] such person; or (3) [he] such person solicits or requests another person to engage in sexual conduct with [him] such person in return for a fee.
(b) [Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, patronizing] Patronizing a prostitute is a class A misdemeanor and any person found guilty shall be fined two thousand dollars.
[(c) Patronizing a prostitute is a class C felony if such other person (1) had not attained eighteen years of age, or (2) was the victim of conduct of another person that constitutes (A) trafficking in persons in violation of section 53a-192a, or (B) a criminal violation of 18 USC Chapter 77, as amended from time to time. ]
Sec. 4. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2017) (a) A person is guilty of commercial sexual abuse of a minor when: (1) Such person pays a fee to a minor or third person as compensation for a minor having engaged in sexual conduct with such person; (2) such person pays or agrees to pay a fee to a minor or a third person pursuant to an understanding that in return for such fee the minor will engage in sexual conduct with such person; or (3) such person solicits or requests to engage in sexual conduct with a minor, or any other person that such person reasonably believes to be a minor, in return for a fee.
(b) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, commercial sexual abuse of a minor is a class B felony.
(c) Commercial sexual abuse of a minor is a class A felony if the minor has not attained fifteen years of age.
(d) For purposes of this section, "minor" means a person who has not attained eighteen years of age.
Sec. 5. Section 54-234a of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2017):
(a) (1) The operator of any (A) establishment that provides massage services for a fee; (B) publicly or privately operated highway service plaza; [, any] (C) hotel, motel, inn or similar lodging; [or any] (D) public airport, as defined in section 15-74a; (E) acute care hospital emergency room; (F) urgent care facility; (G) station offering passenger rail service or passenger bus service; (H) business that sells or offers for sale materials or promotes performances intended for an adult-only audience; (I) employment agency, as defined in section 31-129, that offers personnel services to any other operator described in this subdivision; or (J) establishment that provides services performed by a nail technician, as defined in section 19a-231, and (2) each person who holds an on-premises consumption permit for the retail sale of alcoholic liquor pursuant to title 30, shall post the notice developed pursuant to subsection (b) of section 54-222 in plain view in a conspicuous location where [sales] labor and services are provided or performed, tickets are sold and other transactions, including sales, are to be carried on.
(b) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to any person who holds an on-premises consumption permit for the retail sale of alcoholic liquor pursuant to title 30 that consists of only one or more of the following: (1) A caterer, [railroad,] boat, [airline,] military, charitable organization, special club, temporary liquor or temporary beer permit, or (2) a manufacturer permit for a farm winery, a manufacturer permit for beer, manufacturer permits for beer and brew pubs, or any other manufacturer permit issued under title 30.
(c) Any operator or person who fails to comply with the provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall be fined one hundred dollars for a first offense and two hundred fifty dollars for any subsequent offense, in addition to any proceedings for suspension or revocation of a license, permit or certificate that the appropriate authority may initiate under any other provision of law.
Sec. 6. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2017) (a) The Commissioner of Children and Families, in consultation with the Commissioner of Emergency Services and Public Protection, shall develop an initial educational training program and refresher training program for the accurate and prompt identification and reporting of suspected human trafficking.
(b) The training program shall include a video presentation, developed and approved by said commissioners, that offers awareness of human trafficking issues and guidance to law enforcement personnel, judges of the Superior Court, prosecutors, public defenders and other attorneys who represent criminal defendants, hospital emergency room staff and urgent care facility staff who have contact with patients and persons employed by a local or regional board of education or a constituent unit, as defined in section 10a-1 of the general statutes, who have contact with students.
(c) Any person described in subsection (b) of this section shall complete the initial educational training program not later than July 1, 2018, and shall complete the refresher training program annually thereafter, provided any person being employed as such a person shall complete such initial educational training program not later than six months after beginning such employment or July 1, 2018, whichever is later.
Sec. 7. (Effective from passage) (a) The Attorney General, in consultation with the Commissioner of Administrative Services, the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management and any other state agencies or interested parties the Attorney General deems necessary, shall develop a proposed certification for inclusion in state contracts that conforms, to the extent legally feasible, with the provisions of the federal Executive Order 13627 Strengthening Protections Against Trafficking in Persons in Federal Contracts.
(b) Not later than January 1, 2018, the Attorney General shall submit a report reflecting the proposed certification described in subsection (a) of this section, along with any recommendations concerning the proposed certification, to the joint standing committees of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to the judiciary and government administration, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a of the general statutes.
Sec. 8. Section 53a-84 of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2017):
(a) In any prosecution for prostitution in violation of section 53a-82 or patronizing a prostitute in violation of section 53a-83, as amended by this act, [or 53a-83a,] the sex of the two parties or prospective parties to the sexual conduct engaged in, contemplated or solicited is immaterial, and it shall be no defense that: (1) Such persons were of the same sex; or (2) the person who received, agreed to receive or solicited a fee was a male and the person who paid or agreed or offered to pay such fee was a female.
(b) In any prosecution for patronizing a prostitute in violation of section 53a-83, as amended by this act, [or 53a-83a,] promoting prostitution in violation of section 53a-86, 53a-87 or 53a-88 or permitting prostitution in violation of section 53a-89, it shall be no defense that the person engaging or agreeing to engage in sexual conduct with another person in return for a fee could not be prosecuted for a violation of section 53a-82 on account of such person's age.
Sec. 9. Subsection (a) of section 54-36p of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2017):
(a) The following property shall be subject to forfeiture to the state pursuant to subsection (b) of this section:
(1) All moneys used, or intended for use, in a violation of subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of section 53-21 or section 53a-86, 53a-87, 53a-88, 53a-90a, 53a-189a, 53a-189b, 53a-192a, 53a-196a, 53a-196b, 53a-196c or 53a-196i;
(2) All property constituting the proceeds obtained, directly or indirectly, from a violation of subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of section 53-21 or section 53a-86, 53a-87, 53a-88, 53a-90a, 53a-189a, 53a-189b, 53a-192a, 53a-196a, 53a-196b, 53a-196c or 53a-196i;
(3) All property derived from the proceeds obtained, directly or indirectly, from a violation of subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of section 53-21 or section 53a-86, 53a-87, 53a-88, 53a-90a, 53a-189a, 53a-189b, 53a-192a, 53a-196a, 53a-196b, 53a-196c or 53a-196i;
(4) All property used or intended for use, in any manner or part, to commit or facilitate the commission of a violation of subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of section 53-21 or section 53a-83, as amended by this act, [53a-83a,] 53a-86, 53a-87, 53a-88, 53a-90a, 53a-189a, 53a-189b, 53a-192a, 53a-196a, 53a-196b, 53a-196c or 53a-196i.
Sec. 10. Sections 53a-83a and 54-36m of the general statutes are repealed. (Effective October 1, 2017)
Approved June 8, 2017
MY Life My Choice (MLMC)
MLMC is a 10-session Exploitation Prevention Curriculum designed to change girls’ perceptions of the commercial sex industry, as well as build self-esteem and personal empowerment; our curriculum includes interactive activities, journaling, and is infused with the authentic testimony of survivors. Some examples of topics include:
• Game recognizes game: Understanding predators and recruitment
• Do you really want to hurt me? Reducing your risk of exploitation
• Making the link: Substance abuse and exploitation
• I come first: Developing self-esteem
• Making it real: Stories from “the Life”
• I’m not alone: Finding help and safety
Our curriculum utilizes a psycho-educational model with a relational focus. Groups are designed so that girls feel comfortable connecting with the facilitators and forming community amongst themselves.
Rapid Response
Rapid Responses are one-time interventions designed to target the unique risk factors and needs of individual youth who have been identified as confirmed victims, or highly suspected victims, of human trafficking and/or commercial sexual exploitation. Based upon information obtained during the intake process, Love146 provides individualized information and safety planning to youth in a one-on-one setting. Youth also receive a backpack filled with items youth and service providers have identified as being critical for this population.
Survivor Care Therapeutic Case Management
Love146’s Survivor Care Therapeutic Case Management Program journeys with and provides support services to youth who are confirmed survivors of human trafficking and/or commercial sexual exploitation. Through the program, Love146 works with the Department of Children and Families, program participants, and other community providers, as appropriate, to develop individual care plans for each survivor. Grounded in these individual care plans, Love146 provides direct services and case management. Referrals for Survivor Care Therapeutic Case Management are accepted from Milford, New Haven, Meriden, and New Britain (i.e., Region 2 & Region 6).
Mentoring
The Northern Middlesex YMCA in Middletown provides specially trained mentors for this population. Currently the 1:1 Mentoring providers are developing a specialized training to educate specialized mentors for this vulnerable population.
CSEC and High Risk Youth Foster Care Model
The Specialized Foster Care Model for CSEC Victims and High Risk Youth is an off-shoot of the current Connecticut State Therapeutic Foster Care System and is built from and maintained through cross-agency collaboration and in-kind support. Specifically, the model uses specialized training protocols, competency benchmarks, emergency funds and concrete services such as day programming, case management services, access to emergency clinical services, and transportation from participating agencies to ensure that foster families understand and are equipped with the tools and resources needed to meet the unique needs and challenges of this special population. The model also guarantees that both prospective and active foster families are committed to accept and maintain youth in their care through all stages of the child’s recovery by requiring foster parents to sign a special Promise of Commitment.
Clinical Services
There are a few clinicians that specialize in CSEC/ DMST serving children and youth in Connecticut. In addition, HART is developing a credentialing process for clinical services that will ensure competencies in adolescents, trauma and trafficking likely to be implemented later in 2015.
