Letter writing and vocabulary 31-40

1. Formal and
Informal Letters
Week 8: Lecture 22
Zafar Ullah, Air University, Islamabad,
zafarullah76@gmail.com

2. Types of Letters
• Letters in olden days
• Complaint letter
• Invitation letter
• Covering letter
• Congratulations/ Sympathy letter/ Thanks letter/
• Apology letter
• Letter to give advice
• Letter of acceptance
• Letter of refusal
2

3. Parts of Letters
• Greeting
• Introductory paragraph
• Body concluding paragraph
• Concluding paragraph
• Ending of the letter/ Closure
3

4. Salutation and Closing of a Letter
Formal Dear sir/
madam
Yours
faithfully
Semi formal Dear Mr
Ehsan
Yours
sincerely
Informal Dear Amir Best regards
4

5. Block Letter
• Block format features all elements of the
letter aligned to the left margin of the page.
• It has a neat and simple appearance.
• Paragraphs are separated by a double line
space.
5

6. 6

7. Modified Block Letter
• Modified block differs from block style in that the
date, sign off, and signature lines begin at the
centre point of the page line.
• Indented paragraphs.
• Paragraphs may be separated by a single or
double line space.
7

8. 8

9. 9

10. Letter to Improve Cafeteria
Dear sir,
I am currently pursuing master's in Mechanical
Engineering at Air University, Islamabad and I eat
lunch at the cafeteria every day. I am writing to
suggest a few improvements related to cleanliness
and quality of the food that is being served at the
cafeteria.
10

11. Cont…
Recently, I noticed that the cafeteria was
clean. The main reason is the temporary
shutdown on-campus food court. Due to
this, all the students who reside on campus
are eating at the cafeteria and this resulted
in an increased rush. However, since the
cleaning staff is limited, the cafeteria is quite
messy. Moreover, the food is not of good
quality these days. Quite often, I notice the
yogurt is very watery and the curries are
uncooked.
11

12. Cont..
In my view, the best way to address these issues
would be to make sure there is adequate staff to
meet the needs of students both in cleaning and
cooking departments. In addition to this, it would
be great to work on reopening the closed on-
campus foodcourt as soon as possible.
I hope that you can understand the concerns and
work on resolving them.
Yours faithfully,
Muhammad Aslam
12

13. Vocabulary 31-40
31. Mitigate, Mollify, Assuage, Alleviate: To
relieve; to lessen; to ease
32. COVET To: strongly desire; to crave
COVETOUS: Grasping, greedy, eager to obtain
something;
33. Antithesis: The direct or exact opposite;
extreme contrast; Antipode Antithetical: Exactly
opposite; Antipodal
34. Prototype: An original model; an initial design
35. Aloof: Detached; distant physically or
emotionally; reserved; standing near but apart
13

14. Cont…
36. Trite, Hackneyed, Banal, Platitudinous,
Insipid: Unoriginal; commonplace; overused;
Clichéd
37. Antecedent: A preceding event; a Forerunner;
A Precursor
38. Plausible: Believable; credible Implausible:
Unbelievable; incredible
39. Prudent: Careful; cautious; sensible
40. Aesthetic: Relating to the nature of beauty, art,
and taste; having a sense of what is beautiful,
attractive, or pleasing
14

15. Thank You
Office
Make Presentation much more fun
15