1. Democritus) Leucippus)
-
John Dalton) --
infinite divisibility)
Joseph John
Thomson) -
-

2. Marie und Pierre Curie --
Ludwig Boltzmann --
Max Planck --
Ernest
Rutherford) -
-
Niels Bohr --
Ernest O. Lawrence -
cyclotron)
-
Paul Dirac und David Anderson --
Murray Gell-Mann --
Eric Cornell und Carl Wieman ---
CERN --
Brookhaven --

3. 1.
2.
3.
e/m)
1.76 x 108

4. 3.
4.
1.60 x 10-19
9.11 x 10-28
5. ,
6.

5. 7.
8.
11H, 21H 31H
9.
23 11 Na
10.
400 - 700
-
E = J)
h = 6.625 x 10-34 Js)
= Hz)
C = 3.0
x 108 m/s
= m) (1 10-9

6. HCI)
1.
ion +)
2.
1
1.
.

7. 4.
IE)
Mg(g) + IE1 Mg+(g) + e- , Mg+(g) + IE2 Mg2(g) +
e-

8. Zn(s) Zn(g) 130 kj/mol
Zn(s) Zn2+(aq) + 2e- 737 kj/mol
Zn2+(g) Zn2+(aq) 2046 kj/mol
kj/mol 1) 607 ,
2) 1179 , 3) 1439 , *4) 2653
2n2
3919 K 2, 8, 8, 1
( 1 A 4)
1.
2.
3.

9. (
2
2

10. Electron)
Proton)
0
10pm to 100pm

11. up down
x ^(- x ^(-
Neutron)
up
down x ^(-

12. isotope)
Beta Decay, Double Beta Decay, Beta
Capture, Gamma Decay

13. quantum effects -
wave model)
Bohr model)
quantum mechanics)
The electron orbital
wavefunctions
hydrogen
principal
quantum number
azimuthal quantum number s, p
d) column)-

14. wavefunctions
Schrodinger Equation
,
-
Pauli Exclusion Principle
anti-symmetric)
o Orbital Angular Momentum
o Energy Level Quantized
(
o
quantum number) principal, azimuthal,
and magnetic
o
spin
Analytical

15. calculation)
Spin-Orbit
Coupling Electron-Electron interaction
Non-Linear)
computer
Hartree Fock method
Root mean square
× m--
× m

16. ,
--
amu
--

17. --
1.
2.
3.
4.
k l m n o p q
5.