this is an easy to way study the nomenclature of enzymes please share on my slide everyone.

1. Nomenclature and
classification of enzyme

2. ENZYMES:
 Enzymes are defined as biocatalysts, produced by the living cells
 which catalyse many biochemical reaction in animals and plant bodies.
 Enzymes help speed up the chemical reaction in the human body.
 They bind to molecules and after then in specific ways.
 They are essential for respiration , digesting food, muscle and nerve
function among thousands of other roles.

3. Nomenclature of Enzymes
 Enzymes are generally named according to the substrate it catalyses .
 Some enzymes were named before a systematic way of naming enzyme was formed.
 The pepsin , trypsin and chymotrypsin covey without information about the function of enzyme or the
nature of the substrate on which they act.
 The suffix - ase to the end of the name of the substrate enzymes named involved.
 Example of Urease which catalyse the breakdown of urea.
 Therefore, in 1964, a systematic nomenclature for enzyme was recommended by a commission
of International Union of Biochemistry.
 The IUB was discovered mainly six major classification of enzymes.

4. Classification of Enzymes
 OXIDOREDUCTASES:
 The enzymes that transfer H or O atoms, or electrons from one molecule to another, i.e.( catalyze involved oxidation and reduction
processes)
 The oxidoreductase is of two types: i) Dehydrogenase, that involves transfer of hydrogen.
 Dehydrogenase
AH2 + B ———————————————– A + BH2 – transfer of H2
Oxidase that involves of Oxygen.
 Reductases, which transfers electrons or electron to oxygen.
 Oxidase
 AH2 + O ———————————————– A + H2O

5. Transferases
 These are enzymes that catalyses transfer of a specific group from a
donor molecule to an acceptor molecule.
 The group may be methyl-, acyl-, amino-, or phosphate.
 such as trans-methylases , transaminases, phosphorylase etc.
 A-X + C ———————————————– A + B-X
 Transaminases, which transfer amino groups.

6. Hydrolases
 The enzymes catalyse the addition of water across a specific bond of the substrate to form the
products.
 A-B + H2O ———————————————– AH + BOH
 The Hydrolases include:
 Proteinase, that hydrolyse protein by breaking peptide bonds.
 Ribonucleases, which hydrolyse RNA.
 Deoxy-ribonucleases, responsible for hydrolysis of DNA.
 Lipases, which hydrolyses fats (esters).

7. Lyases
 These enzymes bring about non-hydrolytic addition or removal of groups from
substrates. During the reactions, C-C, C-N, C-O or C-S bonds may be split.
 A-B + X-Y ———————————————– AX- BY
 Decarboxylases, that removes CO2.
 Decarboxylase
 CH3COCOOH ——————– CH3CHO + CO2
 Carboxylases, that add CO2.
 RuBP carboxylase
 RUBP + H2O + CO2 ———————————————– 2GP

8. Isomerases
 Enzymes involved in all the isomerization reaction.
 Theses enzymes are responsible for intermolecular rearrangement.
 one isomer is converted to another.
 For example, during respiration glucose 1-phosphate is converted into
by phosphoglucomutase.
A---------------------------------------------A’
INTERCONVERTION OF ISOMERS

9. Ligases
 Ligases is the class of enzyme that brings about the binding or joining of two
molecules.
 The two macromolecules by forming new bonds like C-C, C-N, C-O or C-S

10. THANKING YOU