The study examined how empowerment, leader-member exchange (LMX), and personality traits influence employee commitment and citizenship behaviors. It found that empowerment partially mediated the relationships between LMX, personality traits like emotional stability, and affective commitment and citizenship behaviors. The study concluded that empowerment programs can increase commitment if they help employees feel more competent and self-determining in their roles. Manager relationships also significantly impact how empowerment initiatives succeed in motivating employees.

2. Staff Motivation & Engagement Yanahina Rodriguez-Llewell New Zealand, 2008 “Enhancing Commitment & Citizenship behaviours in Organizations” http://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/handle/10289/2240

5. Research Model Distal Variable Empowerment: Meaning Competence Self-determination Impact Affective Commitment Citizenship B Individual Citizenship B. Organisation Proximal Variables Criterion Variables Leader-member exchange LMX Personality Extraversion Emotional Stability Openness to experience

8. Personality Vs Criterion Variables Correlations: Personality Criterion Variables Extraversion , Affective Commitment Citizenship B. Individual Citizenship B. Organisation Emotional Stability Openness to Experience

9. Personality Vs Empowerment Correlations: Extraversion , Emotional Stability Openness to Experience Meaning Competence Self Determination Impact

10. Please discuss with the person near you any reactions, anything at all, you have to this segment of the presentation.

12. Empowerment Mediation Effect Leader-member exchange LMX Affective Commitment Citizenship B. Individual Citizenship B. Organisation Meaning Competence Self Determination Impact

14. “ Workers respond best-and most creatively- not when they are tightly controlled by management, placed in narrowly defined jobs, and treated like an unwelcome necessity, but instead, when they are given broader responsibilities, encouraged to contribute, and helped to take satisfaction in their work” Richard Walton (1985)

15. Group discussion Does Organisational Success rely upon Personalities or Organisational Structure?