Linked Data and Discovery with Steve Meyer from Peer Council 2017, June 5th.

1. June 5, 2017
Linked Data and
Library Discovery
WiLS Peer Council 2017
STEVE MEYER, DATA STRATEGIST
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN–MADISON LIBRARIES

2. search-ld.library.wisc.edu

6. Improve library discovery
with NON-library data.

7. Data at My Library Data in the World Relevant to My Patrons

9. Zweizig’s Paradigm Shift
prefer the perspective of
the library in the
life of the user
rather than
the user in the
life of the library
Zweizig, Douglas Lough. Predicting Amount of Library Use: An Empircal Study of the Role of the Public
Library in the Life of the Adult Public. Dissertation, Syracuse University, 1973.
✓

10. Shifted Data Context
situate the Work within
all data about its
creator
rather than
merely data known
by the library
✓

11. 11
The Web of Data
Entities & Things
(not strings)

12. “Things, Not Strings”
May 2012: Google Introduces its
Knowledge Graph
http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2012/05/introducing-knowledge-graph-things-not.html

13. “Things, Not Strings”

14. “Things, Not Strings”
“richer meaning
make some unexpected discoveries
discover new information quickly and easily
search for things, people or places that
Google knows about
next generation of search […] taps into the
collective intelligence of the web and
understands the world a bit more like
people do

18. 18
Linked Data

19. Linking Open Data cloud diagram 2017, by Andrejs Abele, John P. McCrae, Paul Buitelaar, Anja Jentzsch and Richard Cyganiak.
http://lod-cloud.net/

20. W3C Data Activity
The Data Activity recognizes and works to overcome this diversity to
facilitate potentially Web-scale data
integration and processing.
… by providing standard data exchange formats, models, tools, and guidance.
The overall vision of the Data Activity is that
people and organizations should be able to share data
as far as possible using their existing tools and working
practices but in a way that enables others to derive and
add value and to utilize it in ways that suit them
http://www.w3.org/2013/data/

21. Linked
“share data as far as possible”
Data
“enables others to derive and
add value and to utilize it in
ways that suit them”

22. 22
How Does it
Work?

23. “
”
The term Linked Data refers
to a set of best practices for
publishing and interlinking
structured data on the Web.
http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/#htoc8

24. Requirements
1. Identify Things
2. Make them Link-able

27. Crafting identifiers
1
2
3
…

28. Crafting identifiers
oclc/1
oclc/2
oclc/3
…

29. "Milwaukee Makerspace" by Pete Prodoehl
https://www.flickr.com/photos/raster/5406378168/

30. "Milwaukee Makerspace at the 2011 Frolics Parade" by jason gessner
https://www.flickr.com/photos/plural/5948309116/
oclc/704257552

31. "Milwaukee Makerspace at the 2011 Frolics Parade" by jason gessner
https://www.flickr.com/photos/plural/5948309116/
oclc/704257552

33. http://worldcat.org/oclc/1

34. http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/820123671
http://viaf.org/viaf/116053682

35. “
”
The Good Lord Bird's author is
James McBride.

36. 36
RDFResource Description Framework

37. “
”
RDF is a standard model for data
interchange on the Web. RDF has
features that facilitate data merging
even if the underlying schemas differ,
and it specifically supports the
evolution of schemas over time
without requiring all the data
consumers to be changed.
https://www.w3.org/RDF/

38. by torroid
https://www.flickr.com/photos/torroid/10763192074

39. "Homage to Mr. Wetmore" by Jen Waller
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jenwaller/6111032796

40. RDF Triple

41. Familiar Version?
$book->setAuthor("James McBride");

42. Another Familiar Version?
SUBJECT
Predicate
OBJECT

45. http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/04/11/the-return-of-expansionary-austerity/

48. Linking Open Data cloud diagram 2017, by Andrejs Abele, John P. McCrae, Paul Buitelaar, Anja Jentzsch and Richard Cyganiak.
http://lod-cloud.net/

49. http://
www.worldcat.org/
oclc/820123671
http://
viaf.org/viaf/
116053682
http://schema.org/author

51. 51
What does
it look like?

52. by torroid
https://www.flickr.com/photos/torroid/10763192074

54. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/820123671> <http://schema.org/name> "The Good Lord Bird"
<http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/820123671> <http://schema.org/about> <http://id.worldcat
<http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/820123671> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#t
<http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/820123671> <http://schema.org/author> <http://viaf.org/v
<http://viaf.org/viaf/116053682> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <ht
<http://viaf.org/viaf/116053682> <http://schema.org/name> "McBride, James" .
<http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204155> <http://schema.org/name> "United States" .
<http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204155> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type
N-triples
Line-based plain text RDF

55. <div resource="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/820123671"
typeof="http://schema.org/Book">
<h1 property="http://schema.org/name">The Good Lord Bird</h1>
<div property="http://schema.org/author"
resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/116053682"
typeof="http://schema.org/Person">
<h2 property="http://schema.org/name">McBride, James</h2>
</div>
<h3>Subjects</h3>
<ul>
<li property="http://schema.org/about"
resource="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204155"
typeof="http://schema.org/Place">
<span property="http://schema.org/name">United States</span>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
RDFa
RDF as attributes embedded in HTML

56. Turtle
RDF serialized for humans readability
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
<http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/820123671> a schema:Book ;
schema:about <http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204155> ;
schema:author <http://viaf.org/viaf/116053682> ;
schema:name "The Good Lord Bird" .
<http://viaf.org/viaf/116053682> a schema:Person ;
schema:name "McBride, James, 1957-" .
<http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204155> a schema:Place ;
schema:name "United States"

57. RDF/XML
Because someone wanted to read it with an XML parser

58. 58
Vocabularies &
Ontologies

59. “Administrative” Vocabularies
RDF
RDF Concept Vocabulary
RDFS
Resource Description Framework Schema
OWL
Web Ontology Language
…

60. Descriptive Vocabularies
DC Terms
Dublin Core Metadata Terms
Schema
Schema.org vocabulary
Library
Library extensions to Schema.org
BIBFRAME
Library of Congress model for bibliographic
description
…

61. <http://viaf.org/viaf/79485320>
<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs>
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Michael_Pol

63. http://viaf.org/viaf/79485320
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Michael_Pollan
+

64. 64
Entities,
or Things

65. "One of these Things is not like the others.”
© Attribution JD Hancock
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/6216677689

66. “Things, Not Strings”

67. Why?

68. What
Works?

69. "Pizza Crime Context" by jamelah e.
© Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jamelah/4992871301/

76. 76
Briefly: UW-Madison Libraries
Philosophy of Experimentation
See: library.wisc.edu/experiments/linked-data

77. “
”
With linked data, when you have
some of it, you can find other,
related, data.
“Linked Data.” Tim Berners-Lee. https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

78. BIBFRAMEFully expressive RDF version of modern bibliographic description.
Yes, but…
don’t forget to link!

79. There’s a lot more data out there…
“globe" by nickestamp
© Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
https://www.flickr.com/photos/10588309@N00/118923209

81. 81
Linked Data
in the Catalog

82. Systems in Play
System/Data Role Description
Local Catalog User Interface • Ruby on Rails + Solr web app
• Client of Alma APIs
circ availability, request functionality, etc.
• Think Blacklight/VuFind
Alma Resource Management
Platform
• JSON-LD bibliographic data API
• JSON-LD API returns entity URIs
based on LCNAF authority control
VIAF
Virtual International
Authority File
Identity Hub • Inbound: resolve Person data from LCNAF IDs
• Outbound: Person entities link to other data
related resources/entities on Web
Getty Vocabularies Linked Open Data source Contains cited entity descriptions
Dbpedia Linked Open Data source Linked Data descriptions from Wikipedia info
Wikidata Linked Open Data source • Linked Data descriptions from Wikipedia info
• Contains cited entity descriptions

84. BibCard
https://github.com/UW-Madison-Library/bibcard

85. PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
SELECT ?influenced ?influencedGivenName ?influencedSurname ?influencedSameAs
WHERE {
{
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pablo_Picasso> dbo:influenced ?influenced .
}
UNION
{
?influenced dbo:influencedBy <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pablo_Picasso> .
}
?influenced foaf:givenName ?influencedGivenName .
?influenced foaf:surname ?influencedSurname .
OPTIONAL {
?influenced owl:sameAs ?influencedSameAs .
FILTER regex(STR(?influencedSameAs), "viaf.org").
}
}
• Query language similar to SQL
• Run against public RDF
repositories (triplestores)
• Executed as HTTP requests
SPARQL

88. How is this possible?
• Authority file data is well positioned to be Linked Data
• Major library systems players are cooperating
Vendors, Maintainers of National and/or Union Catalogs
• Well established, flexible technology patterns
platform model, caching, async web apps, object models
• Having a major data hub in VIAF
“an open book" by kate hiscock
© Attribution
https://www.flickr.com/photos/slightlyeverything/8228703176/

89. June 5, 2017
THANK YOU.

90. 90
Catalog Examples:
Just for Fun
https://search-ld.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999911808002121
In Defense of Food
https://search-ld.library.wisc.edu/catalog/9910052189002121
Walden and Civil Disobedience
https://search-ld.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999667847902121
The Library in the Life of the User: Engaging with People Where They Live and Learn
http://www.oclc.org/research/publications/2015/
oclcresearch-library-in-life-of-user.html
Predicting amount of library use: an empirical study of the role of the public library
in the life of the adult public
https://search.library.wisc.edu/catalog/999546455002121
Introducing the Knowledge Graph: things, not strings
https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2012/05/introducing-knowledge-graph-things-
not.html
The Linking Open Data cloud diagram
http://lod-cloud.net/
W3C Data Activity: Building the Web of Data
http://www.w3.org/2013/data/
Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Data Space
http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0
RDF - Semantic Web Standards
https://www.w3.org/RDF/
Linked Data @ UW-Madison Libraries
https://www.library.wisc.edu/experiments/linked-data
Linked Data by Tim Berners-Lee
https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
https://viaf.org
DBpedia
http://wiki.dbpedia.org
Wikidata
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page
Getty Vocabularies as Linked Open Data
http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/lod/
BibCard
https://github.com/UW-Madison-Library/bibcard
p.s. Don’t forget to follow the links!