Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Thread: Content
32 to 35 points
The initial thread exceeds content requirements:
· Original thread fully addresses all aspects of the prompt; detailed & descriptive
· Major points are supported through textbook citations and /or outside primary resource. (Scripture where appropriate.)
· Thread clearly organized & easy to read; ideas are clear; flow smoothly
Required word count (at least 350 words) is met.
25 to 31 points
The initial thread meets the content requirements:
· Original thread fully addresses all aspects of the prompt; detailed & descriptive
· Major points are supported through textbook citations and /or outside primary resource. (Scripture where appropriate.)
· Thread clearly organized & easy to read; ideas are clear; flow smoothly
Required word count (at least 350 words) is met.
1 to 24 points
The initial thread meets some of the content requirements:
· Original thread fully addresses all aspects of the prompt; detailed & descriptive
· Major points are supported through textbook citations and /or outside primary resource. (Scripture where appropriate.)
· Thread clearly organized & easy to read; ideas are clear; flow smoothly
Required word count (at least 350 words) is met.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Thread: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting
(30%)
14 to 15 points
The initial post exceeds requirements:
Thread is free of grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation error.
Citation of references in current APA format.
11 to 13 points
The initial thread meets requirements:
Thread is free of grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation error.
Citation of references in current APA format.
1 to 10 points
The initial thread meets some of the structure requirements:
Thread is free of grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation error.
Citation of references in current APA format.
0 points
Not present
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Reply 1: Content
7 points
First reply exceeds content requirements:
Required word count (250 words or more each) for 2 replies is met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow smoothly
5 to 6 points
First reply meets content requirements:
Required word count (120 words or more each) for 2 replies is met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow smoothly
1 to 4 points
First reply meets some of the content requirements:
Required word count (250 words or more each) for 2 replies is met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow smoothly
0 points
Not pr.
Assessment item 3 - Critical Reflective Blogs
Value: 45%
Length: 700 words per blog (maximum)
Total: 2800 words
TASK
The purpose of this assignment is to complete critical reflective blogs for four OB topics covered in the subject. The aim of this assignment is to enable you to highlight thoughts on each topic as well as demonstrate your understanding of the topics covered in this subject.
In this assessment, you have to reflect on four OB topics of your choice. You can choose from the following topics:
• Topic 4: Getting the right people
• Topic 5: Work and job performance and conditions
• Topic 6: Assessing, influencing and rewarding performance
• Topic 7: Grouping individuals and behaviour; Organisational change; Organisational
culture
• Topic 8: Organisational processes and behaviour
• Topic 9: Leadership
• Topic 10: Organisational justice and employee wellbeing
A starting question for your reflection should be: What is the applicability and relevance of OB theory/model/concepts covered in the specific OB topic for me as a practitioner in my workplace? Discrepancies between the theory and practice should be explored, and implications for your workplace identified.
For students who may not have work experience, you may use newspapers or academic journal articles that discuss an OB trend/issue in an existing Australian or international organisation. Alternatively, you can do your own research on an organisation of your choice, and focus your reflection on the imagined influence this organisational context (in relation to the specific OB topic) would have on you.
The structure of the reflection blogs should follow the following four steps in order to enhance the analytical aspect of the reflection process and to ensure the benefits of this assignment for you and your development in the organisation:
1. Reflect on a workplace experience that is meaningful and important to you and your growth in the organisation (reflection should draw on your personal observations, experiences, assumptions and emotions).
2. Analyse the chosen situation by applying relevant OB concepts/theories/models from the relevant Topic.
3. Develop a strategy for managing own or other employee(s) behaviour with the purpose of addressing the workplace situation.
4. Explain what you have learned about the relevant OB topic/yourself/others in the workplace as a result of this reflection exercise.
Each reflection needs to be based on three recent scholarly articles. As this is a reflection where you are using your own experiences and views, your blogs should be written in first person.
A quality reflection shows deep critical analysis of workplace experiences through the application of OB theories/models/ concepts. It provides deep insights into the practitioner’s own practice. This is an opportunity to express your voice on workplace trends that are important to you.
RATIONALE
This assessment task will assess the following learning outcome/s:
· be able to critically ...
Assessment item 3 - Critical Reflective Blogs
Value: 45%
Length: 700 words per blog (maximum)
Total: 2800 words
TASK
The purpose of this assignment is to complete critical reflective blogs for four OB topics covered in the subject. The aim of this assignment is to enable you to highlight thoughts on each topic as well as demonstrate your understanding of the topics covered in this subject.
In this assessment, you have to reflect on four OB topics of your choice. You can choose from the following topics:
• Topic 4: Getting the right people
• Topic 5: Work and job performance and conditions
• Topic 6: Assessing, influencing and rewarding performance
• Topic 7: Grouping individuals and behaviour; Organisational change; Organisational
culture
• Topic 8: Organisational processes and behaviour
• Topic 9: Leadership
• Topic 10: Organisational justice and employee wellbeing
A starting question for your reflection should be: What is the applicability and relevance of OB theory/model/concepts covered in the specific OB topic for me as a practitioner in my workplace? Discrepancies between the theory and practice should be explored, and implications for your workplace identified.
For students who may not have work experience, you may use newspapers or academic journal articles that discuss an OB trend/issue in an existing Australian or international organisation. Alternatively, you can do your own research on an organisation of your choice, and focus your reflection on the imagined influence this organisational context (in relation to the specific OB topic) would have on you.
The structure of the reflection blogs should follow the following four steps in order to enhance the analytical aspect of the reflection process and to ensure the benefits of this assignment for you and your development in the organisation:
1. Reflect on a workplace experience that is meaningful and important to you and your growth in the organisation (reflection should draw on your personal observations, experiences, assumptions and emotions).
2. Analyse the chosen situation by applying relevant OB concepts/theories/models from the relevant Topic.
3. Develop a strategy for managing own or other employee(s) behaviour with the purpose of addressing the workplace situation.
4. Explain what you have learned about the relevant OB topic/yourself/others in the workplace as a result of this reflection exercise.
Each reflection needs to be based on three recent scholarly articles. As this is a reflection where you are using your own experiences and views, your blogs should be written in first person.
A quality reflection shows deep critical analysis of workplace experiences through the application of OB theories/models/ concepts. It provides deep insights into the practitioner’s own practice. This is an opportunity to express your voice on workplace trends that are important to you.
RATIONALE
This assessment task will assess the following learning outcome/s:
· be able to critically .
Assessment item 3 - Critical Reflective Blogs
Value: 45%
Length: 700 words per blog (maximum)
Total: 2800 words
TASK
The purpose of this assignment is to complete critical reflective blogs for four OB topics covered in the subject. The aim of this assignment is to enable you to highlight thoughts on each topic as well as demonstrate your understanding of the topics covered in this subject.
In this assessment, you have to reflect on four OB topics of your choice. You can choose from the following topics:
• Topic 4: Getting the right people
• Topic 5: Work and job performance and conditions
• Topic 6: Assessing, influencing and rewarding performance
• Topic 7: Grouping individuals and behaviour; Organisational change; Organisational
culture
• Topic 8: Organisational processes and behaviour
• Topic 9: Leadership
• Topic 10: Organisational justice and employee wellbeing
A starting question for your reflection should be: What is the applicability and relevance of OB theory/model/concepts covered in the specific OB topic for me as a practitioner in my workplace? Discrepancies between the theory and practice should be explored, and implications for your workplace identified.
For students who may not have work experience, you may use newspapers or academic journal articles that discuss an OB trend/issue in an existing Australian or international organisation. Alternatively, you can do your own research on an organisation of your choice, and focus your reflection on the imagined influence this organisational context (in relation to the specific OB topic) would have on you.
The structure of the reflection blogs should follow the following four steps in order to enhance the analytical aspect of the reflection process and to ensure the benefits of this assignment for you and your development in the organisation:
1. Reflect on a workplace experience that is meaningful and important to you and your growth in the organisation (reflection should draw on your personal observations, experiences, assumptions and emotions).
2. Analyse the chosen situation by applying relevant OB concepts/theories/models from the relevant Topic.
3. Develop a strategy for managing own or other employee(s) behaviour with the purpose of addressing the workplace situation.
4. Explain what you have learned about the relevant OB topic/yourself/others in the workplace as a result of this reflection exercise.
Each reflection needs to be based on three recent scholarly articles. As this is a reflection where you are using your own experiences and views, your blogs should be written in first person.
A quality reflection shows deep critical analysis of workplace experiences through the application of OB theories/models/ concepts. It provides deep insights into the practitioner’s own practice. This is an opportunity to express your voice on workplace trends that are important to you.
RATIONALE
This assessment task will assess the following learning outcome/s:
· be able to critically ...
Assignment 2 Market FormsFor this assignment you will do a sign.docxsherni1
Assignment 2: Market Forms
For this assignment you will do a significant portion of work in MS Excel and import it into an MS Word document for submission. You will use the data below to address Price and Output decisions faced by firms that are not in pure competition. Some numbers may be rounded.
Table 1
Output
Average Fixed cost
Average Variable Cost
Average Total Cost
Marginal Cost
Price
Total Revenue
Marginal Revenue
0
$ 345.00
1
$ 180.00
$ 135.00
$ 315.00
$ 300.00
2
$ 90.00
$ 127.50
$ 217.50
$ 249.00
3
$ 60.00
$ 120.00
$ 180.00
$ 213.00
4
$ 45.00
$ 112.50
$ 157.50
$ 189.00
5
$ 36.00
$ 111.00
$ 147.00
$ 165.00
6
$ 30.00
$ 112.50
$ 142.50
$ 144.00
7
$ 25.71
$ 115.70
$ 141.41
$ 126.00
8
$ 22.50
$ 121.90
$ 144.40
$ 111.00
9
$ 20.00
$ 130.00
$ 150.00
$ 99.00
10
$ 18.00
$ 139.50
$ 157.50
$ 87.00
Address the following:
1. Complete Table-1. Summarize your calculations.
2. Prepare a graph showing:
· Average Fixed Costs
· Average Variable Costs
· Average Total Costs
· Marginal Revenue
· Marginal Costs
3. Using the data in the table and on your graph, explain the profit maximizing, orloss minimizing level of output.
4. Define a normal profit and an economic profit. Are normal profits being earned in this example? Are economic profits present for this firm in this example? Explain your answers.
5. Given the data in the table and the graph, what type of market structure could this be in the short run? Explain your answers.
6. If the data in Table-1 represents the long run, what type of firm must this data represent? Explain your answers.
Save your MS Word document using the filename LastnameFirstInitial_M4A2 and submit it to the M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox by Wednesday, December 2, 2015.
Quotations, paraphrases, and ideas you get from books, articles, or other sources of information should be cited using APA style. Help with citing sources can be found through the Academic Resources page under Course Home.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Correctly answered all parts of Question 1 and completed Table-1
20
Correctly created a graph showing all required data from Question 2
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 3, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 4, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 5, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 6, with accurate and explanations
12
Wrote in a clear and concise manner following APA standards, and demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation of sources
20
Total:
100
SEE ATTACHMENT PAPER AT THE END!!!
Assignment 3: Using Leadership to Improve Ethical Performance
Due Week 9 and worth points 300
You can (and should) use headings and subheading throughout the paper to highlight you ...
Performance Management and Training Scoring GuideCRITERIA NO.docxkarlhennesey
This document provides a scoring guide for assessing performance on a training and performance management assignment. It outlines six criteria that will be evaluated at different performance levels from non-performance to distinguished. The criteria include describing the organization's performance management system, explaining formal and informal feedback processes, analyzing best practices to improve employee performance, analyzing the importance of training, explaining how training and performance management protect against litigation, and writing in a professional style. Students will be scored on their adherence to requirements, writing quality, critical analysis, structure, referencing, and other factors to determine their final grade.
Philosophy of Leadership600 Week 8 Assignment and RubricLeng.docxLacieKlineeb
Philosophy of Leadership
600 Week 8 Assignment and Rubric
Length: Paper: 8 - 10 double-spaced pages (excluding title and references pages)
Due: Week 8 by Wednesday Midnight
Value: 250 Points for 25% of the grade
Post: Week 8 Assignments -- Turnitin
Personal Philosophy of Leadership Paper Guidelines
Prepare and submit through turnitin an 8 - 10 page paper that includes your definition of leadership, discusses three leadership theories that have influenced you, analyzes your leadership style, examines followership, and reflects on insights gained. A well-constructed paper will reference 6 or more scholarly sources including 5 journal articles such as those assigned and retrieved from Brandman’s virtual library, and adhere to APA standards.
Leadership Definition
Provide your definition of leadership and what has influenced this definition. Your definition must be original but supported by the work of others. Support your analysis with two (2) or more scholarly sources including one (1) journal article.
Leadership Theories
Discuss three (3) major leadership theories that have most influenced your thinking on leadership and leaders. In your leadership challenge paper, you discussed classical leadership theories. In this paper, consider including the contemporary approaches of Authentic, Servant and/or Transformational Leadership. Select at least two theories or models that you haven’t already written about in week 5 for your final paper. Define and describe the components of the selected theories using four (4) or more scholarly sources including three (3) journal articles.
Leadership Style
Analyze your strengths and style(s) as a leader. Use three (3) or more assessments from the Northouse text to assess your effectiveness in the leadership approaches as described in the above section; and compare your qualities and characteristics to those of effective leaders. Support your analysis with two (2) or more scholarly sources including one (1) journal article.
Followership
Discuss what effective followership is and why it is an important component of leadership. How can you enhance your effectiveness as a follower and encourage it in others? Support your analysis with one (1) or more scholarly sources.
Reflective Analysis
In two – three pages, reflect on three (3) key leadership lessons you have learned from this course. What has influenced you the most and has been of the most value to you)? How has your thinking and/or behavior changed to enhance your leadership practice? Describe two (2) specific action you will take to enhance your leadership effectiveness.
Evaluation Criteria
Criteria
Exemplary
Proficient
Developing
Emerging
Leadership Definition
25 - 23
Provides clear, concise and original definition of leadership. Describes influences to this definition forming the link to coursework. Uses 2 or more scholarly sources including 1 journal article.
22 - 20
Provides clear and fairly original definition of leadershi.
Criteria Ratings PointsThread 25 to 22.0 ptsAdvancedCruzIbarra161
Criteria Ratings Points
Thread 25 to >22.0 pts
Advanced
• All key
components of the
Discussion topic are
answered in the
thread. • The
thread has a clear,
logical flow. Major
points are stated
clearly. • Major
points are supported
by good examples or
thoughtful analysis.
22 to >20.0 pts
Proficient
• All Key
components of the
Discussion topic are
answered in the
thread. • The thread
has a logical flow.
Major points are
stated. • Major
points are supported
by examples or
analysis.
20 to >18.0 pts
Developing
• The Discussion
topic is addressed.
• The thread lacks
flow and content.
Major points are
unclear or
confusing. • Major
points include
minimal examples
or analysis.
18 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• The Discussion
topic is
addressed
minimally or not
at all. • The
thread lacks
content.
Discussion points
are unclear,
confusing or not
discussed at all.
• Points of
discussion are
not supported by
examples or
analysis.
0 pts
Not
Present
25 pts
Replies 10 to >9.0 pts
Advanced
• Two replies that
directly address
related threads;
• Each reply is a
unique contribution
that reflects
thoughtful analysis
of topic and thread.
9 to >8.0 pts
Proficient
• Two replies that
directly address
related threads;
• Each reply
contributes to the
discussion and
reflects an analysis
of topic and thread.
8 to >7.0 pts
Developing
• Two replies that
address related
threads; • Each
reply lacks flow and
content. Replies
are unclear or
confusing.
7 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• Two replies that
minimally
address related
threads; • Each
reply lacks
content.
Discussion points
are unclear,
confusing or not
discussed at all.
0 pts
Not
Present
10 pts
Discussion Grading Rubric | EDCO811_B01_202230
Criteria Ratings Points
Grammar,
spelling,
APA
citation (if
applicable),
word count
15 to >13.0 pts
Advanced
• Spelling and
grammar are
correct. Sentences
are complete, clear,
and concise.
• Paragraphs
contain appropriately
varied sentence
structures. Where
applicable,
references are cited
in current APA
format. • Minimum
word count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met or exceeded.
13 to >12.0 pts
Proficient
• Spelling and
grammar has some
errors. Sentences
are presented as
well. • Paragraphs
contain some varied
sentence structures.
Where applicable,
references are cited
with some current
APA formatting.
• Minimum word
count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met or exceeded.
12 to >11.0 pts
Developing
• Spelling and
grammar errors
distract. Select
sentences are
incomplete or
unclear.
• Paragraphs
include varied
sentence
structures. Where
applicable,
references are
minimally cited in
current APA format.
• Minimum word
count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met.
11 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• ...
Preparing for the AssessmentMN7367 Week 7 Lecture 1Anne-.docxharrisonhoward80223
Preparing for the Assessment
MN7367 Week 7 Lecture 1
Anne-marie Greene
1
Brewis, Jo (Prof.) (BJ() - Add module code and name here
Your assessment
Part 1
Essay Assignment
50% of overall mark
Part 2
Unseen Examination
50% of overall mark
A Two-Headed Monster?
Essay Assignment 2017
The ability of HRM to lead to improved organisational performance is contingent on achieving a fit between business strategy and HRM practice. Discuss the validity of this statement with specific reference to two HRM practices.
As a business operating in markets all around the world, we believe diversity brings benefits for our customers, our business and our people. We want a connected workforce that reflects the communities where we operate and helps us meet the needs of customers from all walks of life. Different ideas and perspectives help us innovate, manage risk, and grow the business in a sustainable way…Diversity and inclusion is part of who we are at HSBC. It is vital to the future of our business (HSBC Bank). Consider this recent organisational statement on diversity and discuss the rationale for attention to equality and diversity issues within human resource management, reflecting on both business case and moral/social justice cases.
Sociologists tend to see conflict as normal part of organisational functioning. Consider the implications of this view for the management of people within organisations, with specific reference to two HRM practices.
Discuss whether you agree with the view which sees that ‘the importance of HRM lies not in the objective reality of its normative models and their implementation, but in the… reality of its rhetoric… redefining the meaning of work and the way individual employees relate to their employers.’ (Legge, 2005: 123)
Most mainstream HRM research starts from the premise of there being a generic, universal worker. Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement, reflecting on the factors that determine an organisation’s approach to HRM?
‘A core managerial belief appears to be that not only is managing through the payment system the most appropriate means of managing human resources, but that the existence of a payment system is also sufficient for managing human resources’. Discuss this statement, looking at the centrality of payment systems within, and the common problems faced in performance management.
Essay Assignment
3,000 word essay (+/- 10%)
Selection of ONE essay question ONLY from a possible selection of six.
Deadline Tuesday 12th December 2017.
A penalty of 10% of the available marks will be imposed if a student misses the above deadline
A further penalty of 5% will be imposed for every ten subsequent working days the submission is late.
Submit the Assignment via the Turnitin link on BB
Q from seminar 1: Turnitin: can I submit my essay and check for plagiarism?
A: No, this is not allowed. You must avoid plagiarism from the beginning and before you submit.
Answer the quest.
Assessment item 3 - Critical Reflective Blogs
Value: 45%
Length: 700 words per blog (maximum)
Total: 2800 words
TASK
The purpose of this assignment is to complete critical reflective blogs for four OB topics covered in the subject. The aim of this assignment is to enable you to highlight thoughts on each topic as well as demonstrate your understanding of the topics covered in this subject.
In this assessment, you have to reflect on four OB topics of your choice. You can choose from the following topics:
• Topic 4: Getting the right people
• Topic 5: Work and job performance and conditions
• Topic 6: Assessing, influencing and rewarding performance
• Topic 7: Grouping individuals and behaviour; Organisational change; Organisational
culture
• Topic 8: Organisational processes and behaviour
• Topic 9: Leadership
• Topic 10: Organisational justice and employee wellbeing
A starting question for your reflection should be: What is the applicability and relevance of OB theory/model/concepts covered in the specific OB topic for me as a practitioner in my workplace? Discrepancies between the theory and practice should be explored, and implications for your workplace identified.
For students who may not have work experience, you may use newspapers or academic journal articles that discuss an OB trend/issue in an existing Australian or international organisation. Alternatively, you can do your own research on an organisation of your choice, and focus your reflection on the imagined influence this organisational context (in relation to the specific OB topic) would have on you.
The structure of the reflection blogs should follow the following four steps in order to enhance the analytical aspect of the reflection process and to ensure the benefits of this assignment for you and your development in the organisation:
1. Reflect on a workplace experience that is meaningful and important to you and your growth in the organisation (reflection should draw on your personal observations, experiences, assumptions and emotions).
2. Analyse the chosen situation by applying relevant OB concepts/theories/models from the relevant Topic.
3. Develop a strategy for managing own or other employee(s) behaviour with the purpose of addressing the workplace situation.
4. Explain what you have learned about the relevant OB topic/yourself/others in the workplace as a result of this reflection exercise.
Each reflection needs to be based on three recent scholarly articles. As this is a reflection where you are using your own experiences and views, your blogs should be written in first person.
A quality reflection shows deep critical analysis of workplace experiences through the application of OB theories/models/ concepts. It provides deep insights into the practitioner’s own practice. This is an opportunity to express your voice on workplace trends that are important to you.
RATIONALE
This assessment task will assess the following learning outcome/s:
· be able to critically ...
Assessment item 3 - Critical Reflective Blogs
Value: 45%
Length: 700 words per blog (maximum)
Total: 2800 words
TASK
The purpose of this assignment is to complete critical reflective blogs for four OB topics covered in the subject. The aim of this assignment is to enable you to highlight thoughts on each topic as well as demonstrate your understanding of the topics covered in this subject.
In this assessment, you have to reflect on four OB topics of your choice. You can choose from the following topics:
• Topic 4: Getting the right people
• Topic 5: Work and job performance and conditions
• Topic 6: Assessing, influencing and rewarding performance
• Topic 7: Grouping individuals and behaviour; Organisational change; Organisational
culture
• Topic 8: Organisational processes and behaviour
• Topic 9: Leadership
• Topic 10: Organisational justice and employee wellbeing
A starting question for your reflection should be: What is the applicability and relevance of OB theory/model/concepts covered in the specific OB topic for me as a practitioner in my workplace? Discrepancies between the theory and practice should be explored, and implications for your workplace identified.
For students who may not have work experience, you may use newspapers or academic journal articles that discuss an OB trend/issue in an existing Australian or international organisation. Alternatively, you can do your own research on an organisation of your choice, and focus your reflection on the imagined influence this organisational context (in relation to the specific OB topic) would have on you.
The structure of the reflection blogs should follow the following four steps in order to enhance the analytical aspect of the reflection process and to ensure the benefits of this assignment for you and your development in the organisation:
1. Reflect on a workplace experience that is meaningful and important to you and your growth in the organisation (reflection should draw on your personal observations, experiences, assumptions and emotions).
2. Analyse the chosen situation by applying relevant OB concepts/theories/models from the relevant Topic.
3. Develop a strategy for managing own or other employee(s) behaviour with the purpose of addressing the workplace situation.
4. Explain what you have learned about the relevant OB topic/yourself/others in the workplace as a result of this reflection exercise.
Each reflection needs to be based on three recent scholarly articles. As this is a reflection where you are using your own experiences and views, your blogs should be written in first person.
A quality reflection shows deep critical analysis of workplace experiences through the application of OB theories/models/ concepts. It provides deep insights into the practitioner’s own practice. This is an opportunity to express your voice on workplace trends that are important to you.
RATIONALE
This assessment task will assess the following learning outcome/s:
· be able to critically .
Assessment item 3 - Critical Reflective Blogs
Value: 45%
Length: 700 words per blog (maximum)
Total: 2800 words
TASK
The purpose of this assignment is to complete critical reflective blogs for four OB topics covered in the subject. The aim of this assignment is to enable you to highlight thoughts on each topic as well as demonstrate your understanding of the topics covered in this subject.
In this assessment, you have to reflect on four OB topics of your choice. You can choose from the following topics:
• Topic 4: Getting the right people
• Topic 5: Work and job performance and conditions
• Topic 6: Assessing, influencing and rewarding performance
• Topic 7: Grouping individuals and behaviour; Organisational change; Organisational
culture
• Topic 8: Organisational processes and behaviour
• Topic 9: Leadership
• Topic 10: Organisational justice and employee wellbeing
A starting question for your reflection should be: What is the applicability and relevance of OB theory/model/concepts covered in the specific OB topic for me as a practitioner in my workplace? Discrepancies between the theory and practice should be explored, and implications for your workplace identified.
For students who may not have work experience, you may use newspapers or academic journal articles that discuss an OB trend/issue in an existing Australian or international organisation. Alternatively, you can do your own research on an organisation of your choice, and focus your reflection on the imagined influence this organisational context (in relation to the specific OB topic) would have on you.
The structure of the reflection blogs should follow the following four steps in order to enhance the analytical aspect of the reflection process and to ensure the benefits of this assignment for you and your development in the organisation:
1. Reflect on a workplace experience that is meaningful and important to you and your growth in the organisation (reflection should draw on your personal observations, experiences, assumptions and emotions).
2. Analyse the chosen situation by applying relevant OB concepts/theories/models from the relevant Topic.
3. Develop a strategy for managing own or other employee(s) behaviour with the purpose of addressing the workplace situation.
4. Explain what you have learned about the relevant OB topic/yourself/others in the workplace as a result of this reflection exercise.
Each reflection needs to be based on three recent scholarly articles. As this is a reflection where you are using your own experiences and views, your blogs should be written in first person.
A quality reflection shows deep critical analysis of workplace experiences through the application of OB theories/models/ concepts. It provides deep insights into the practitioner’s own practice. This is an opportunity to express your voice on workplace trends that are important to you.
RATIONALE
This assessment task will assess the following learning outcome/s:
· be able to critically ...
Assignment 2 Market FormsFor this assignment you will do a sign.docxsherni1
Assignment 2: Market Forms
For this assignment you will do a significant portion of work in MS Excel and import it into an MS Word document for submission. You will use the data below to address Price and Output decisions faced by firms that are not in pure competition. Some numbers may be rounded.
Table 1
Output
Average Fixed cost
Average Variable Cost
Average Total Cost
Marginal Cost
Price
Total Revenue
Marginal Revenue
0
$ 345.00
1
$ 180.00
$ 135.00
$ 315.00
$ 300.00
2
$ 90.00
$ 127.50
$ 217.50
$ 249.00
3
$ 60.00
$ 120.00
$ 180.00
$ 213.00
4
$ 45.00
$ 112.50
$ 157.50
$ 189.00
5
$ 36.00
$ 111.00
$ 147.00
$ 165.00
6
$ 30.00
$ 112.50
$ 142.50
$ 144.00
7
$ 25.71
$ 115.70
$ 141.41
$ 126.00
8
$ 22.50
$ 121.90
$ 144.40
$ 111.00
9
$ 20.00
$ 130.00
$ 150.00
$ 99.00
10
$ 18.00
$ 139.50
$ 157.50
$ 87.00
Address the following:
1. Complete Table-1. Summarize your calculations.
2. Prepare a graph showing:
· Average Fixed Costs
· Average Variable Costs
· Average Total Costs
· Marginal Revenue
· Marginal Costs
3. Using the data in the table and on your graph, explain the profit maximizing, orloss minimizing level of output.
4. Define a normal profit and an economic profit. Are normal profits being earned in this example? Are economic profits present for this firm in this example? Explain your answers.
5. Given the data in the table and the graph, what type of market structure could this be in the short run? Explain your answers.
6. If the data in Table-1 represents the long run, what type of firm must this data represent? Explain your answers.
Save your MS Word document using the filename LastnameFirstInitial_M4A2 and submit it to the M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox by Wednesday, December 2, 2015.
Quotations, paraphrases, and ideas you get from books, articles, or other sources of information should be cited using APA style. Help with citing sources can be found through the Academic Resources page under Course Home.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Correctly answered all parts of Question 1 and completed Table-1
20
Correctly created a graph showing all required data from Question 2
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 3, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 4, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 5, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 6, with accurate and explanations
12
Wrote in a clear and concise manner following APA standards, and demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation of sources
20
Total:
100
SEE ATTACHMENT PAPER AT THE END!!!
Assignment 3: Using Leadership to Improve Ethical Performance
Due Week 9 and worth points 300
You can (and should) use headings and subheading throughout the paper to highlight you ...
Performance Management and Training Scoring GuideCRITERIA NO.docxkarlhennesey
This document provides a scoring guide for assessing performance on a training and performance management assignment. It outlines six criteria that will be evaluated at different performance levels from non-performance to distinguished. The criteria include describing the organization's performance management system, explaining formal and informal feedback processes, analyzing best practices to improve employee performance, analyzing the importance of training, explaining how training and performance management protect against litigation, and writing in a professional style. Students will be scored on their adherence to requirements, writing quality, critical analysis, structure, referencing, and other factors to determine their final grade.
Philosophy of Leadership600 Week 8 Assignment and RubricLeng.docxLacieKlineeb
Philosophy of Leadership
600 Week 8 Assignment and Rubric
Length: Paper: 8 - 10 double-spaced pages (excluding title and references pages)
Due: Week 8 by Wednesday Midnight
Value: 250 Points for 25% of the grade
Post: Week 8 Assignments -- Turnitin
Personal Philosophy of Leadership Paper Guidelines
Prepare and submit through turnitin an 8 - 10 page paper that includes your definition of leadership, discusses three leadership theories that have influenced you, analyzes your leadership style, examines followership, and reflects on insights gained. A well-constructed paper will reference 6 or more scholarly sources including 5 journal articles such as those assigned and retrieved from Brandman’s virtual library, and adhere to APA standards.
Leadership Definition
Provide your definition of leadership and what has influenced this definition. Your definition must be original but supported by the work of others. Support your analysis with two (2) or more scholarly sources including one (1) journal article.
Leadership Theories
Discuss three (3) major leadership theories that have most influenced your thinking on leadership and leaders. In your leadership challenge paper, you discussed classical leadership theories. In this paper, consider including the contemporary approaches of Authentic, Servant and/or Transformational Leadership. Select at least two theories or models that you haven’t already written about in week 5 for your final paper. Define and describe the components of the selected theories using four (4) or more scholarly sources including three (3) journal articles.
Leadership Style
Analyze your strengths and style(s) as a leader. Use three (3) or more assessments from the Northouse text to assess your effectiveness in the leadership approaches as described in the above section; and compare your qualities and characteristics to those of effective leaders. Support your analysis with two (2) or more scholarly sources including one (1) journal article.
Followership
Discuss what effective followership is and why it is an important component of leadership. How can you enhance your effectiveness as a follower and encourage it in others? Support your analysis with one (1) or more scholarly sources.
Reflective Analysis
In two – three pages, reflect on three (3) key leadership lessons you have learned from this course. What has influenced you the most and has been of the most value to you)? How has your thinking and/or behavior changed to enhance your leadership practice? Describe two (2) specific action you will take to enhance your leadership effectiveness.
Evaluation Criteria
Criteria
Exemplary
Proficient
Developing
Emerging
Leadership Definition
25 - 23
Provides clear, concise and original definition of leadership. Describes influences to this definition forming the link to coursework. Uses 2 or more scholarly sources including 1 journal article.
22 - 20
Provides clear and fairly original definition of leadershi.
Criteria Ratings PointsThread 25 to 22.0 ptsAdvancedCruzIbarra161
Criteria Ratings Points
Thread 25 to >22.0 pts
Advanced
• All key
components of the
Discussion topic are
answered in the
thread. • The
thread has a clear,
logical flow. Major
points are stated
clearly. • Major
points are supported
by good examples or
thoughtful analysis.
22 to >20.0 pts
Proficient
• All Key
components of the
Discussion topic are
answered in the
thread. • The thread
has a logical flow.
Major points are
stated. • Major
points are supported
by examples or
analysis.
20 to >18.0 pts
Developing
• The Discussion
topic is addressed.
• The thread lacks
flow and content.
Major points are
unclear or
confusing. • Major
points include
minimal examples
or analysis.
18 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• The Discussion
topic is
addressed
minimally or not
at all. • The
thread lacks
content.
Discussion points
are unclear,
confusing or not
discussed at all.
• Points of
discussion are
not supported by
examples or
analysis.
0 pts
Not
Present
25 pts
Replies 10 to >9.0 pts
Advanced
• Two replies that
directly address
related threads;
• Each reply is a
unique contribution
that reflects
thoughtful analysis
of topic and thread.
9 to >8.0 pts
Proficient
• Two replies that
directly address
related threads;
• Each reply
contributes to the
discussion and
reflects an analysis
of topic and thread.
8 to >7.0 pts
Developing
• Two replies that
address related
threads; • Each
reply lacks flow and
content. Replies
are unclear or
confusing.
7 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• Two replies that
minimally
address related
threads; • Each
reply lacks
content.
Discussion points
are unclear,
confusing or not
discussed at all.
0 pts
Not
Present
10 pts
Discussion Grading Rubric | EDCO811_B01_202230
Criteria Ratings Points
Grammar,
spelling,
APA
citation (if
applicable),
word count
15 to >13.0 pts
Advanced
• Spelling and
grammar are
correct. Sentences
are complete, clear,
and concise.
• Paragraphs
contain appropriately
varied sentence
structures. Where
applicable,
references are cited
in current APA
format. • Minimum
word count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met or exceeded.
13 to >12.0 pts
Proficient
• Spelling and
grammar has some
errors. Sentences
are presented as
well. • Paragraphs
contain some varied
sentence structures.
Where applicable,
references are cited
with some current
APA formatting.
• Minimum word
count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met or exceeded.
12 to >11.0 pts
Developing
• Spelling and
grammar errors
distract. Select
sentences are
incomplete or
unclear.
• Paragraphs
include varied
sentence
structures. Where
applicable,
references are
minimally cited in
current APA format.
• Minimum word
count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met.
11 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• ...
Preparing for the AssessmentMN7367 Week 7 Lecture 1Anne-.docxharrisonhoward80223
Preparing for the Assessment
MN7367 Week 7 Lecture 1
Anne-marie Greene
1
Brewis, Jo (Prof.) (BJ() - Add module code and name here
Your assessment
Part 1
Essay Assignment
50% of overall mark
Part 2
Unseen Examination
50% of overall mark
A Two-Headed Monster?
Essay Assignment 2017
The ability of HRM to lead to improved organisational performance is contingent on achieving a fit between business strategy and HRM practice. Discuss the validity of this statement with specific reference to two HRM practices.
As a business operating in markets all around the world, we believe diversity brings benefits for our customers, our business and our people. We want a connected workforce that reflects the communities where we operate and helps us meet the needs of customers from all walks of life. Different ideas and perspectives help us innovate, manage risk, and grow the business in a sustainable way…Diversity and inclusion is part of who we are at HSBC. It is vital to the future of our business (HSBC Bank). Consider this recent organisational statement on diversity and discuss the rationale for attention to equality and diversity issues within human resource management, reflecting on both business case and moral/social justice cases.
Sociologists tend to see conflict as normal part of organisational functioning. Consider the implications of this view for the management of people within organisations, with specific reference to two HRM practices.
Discuss whether you agree with the view which sees that ‘the importance of HRM lies not in the objective reality of its normative models and their implementation, but in the… reality of its rhetoric… redefining the meaning of work and the way individual employees relate to their employers.’ (Legge, 2005: 123)
Most mainstream HRM research starts from the premise of there being a generic, universal worker. Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement, reflecting on the factors that determine an organisation’s approach to HRM?
‘A core managerial belief appears to be that not only is managing through the payment system the most appropriate means of managing human resources, but that the existence of a payment system is also sufficient for managing human resources’. Discuss this statement, looking at the centrality of payment systems within, and the common problems faced in performance management.
Essay Assignment
3,000 word essay (+/- 10%)
Selection of ONE essay question ONLY from a possible selection of six.
Deadline Tuesday 12th December 2017.
A penalty of 10% of the available marks will be imposed if a student misses the above deadline
A further penalty of 5% will be imposed for every ten subsequent working days the submission is late.
Submit the Assignment via the Turnitin link on BB
Q from seminar 1: Turnitin: can I submit my essay and check for plagiarism?
A: No, this is not allowed. You must avoid plagiarism from the beginning and before you submit.
Answer the quest.
Busi 330 Db 2 Grading RubricBased on 70-point maximumCriteria.docxjasoninnes20
Busi 330 Db 2 Grading Rubric
Based on 70-point maximum
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Marketing Strategies
13 to 14 points
All assignment components are thoughtfully and comprehensively detailed, reflecting collegiate level reasoning and support. Relevant examples or explanations render a clear understanding of the assignment principles.
10 to 12
Most of the components of the Discussion Board Forum prompt are answered in the thread, though more detail would render a more comprehensive review of the assignment. The thread has a logical flow. Major points are stated reasonably well. Major points are supported by good examples or analysis.
1 to 9
The Discussion Board Forum prompt is addressed minimally. The thread lacks flow or content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis.
0 points
Not present
Retail Models
14 to 15 points
All assignment components are thoughtfully and comprehensively detailed, reflecting collegiate level reasoning and support. Relevant examples or explanations render a clear understanding of the assignment principles.
11 to 13
Most of the components of the Discussion Board Forum prompt are answered in the thread, though more detail would render a more comprehensive review of the assignment. The thread has a logical flow. Major points are stated reasonably well. Major points are supported by good examples or analysis.
1 to 10
The Discussion Board Forum prompt is addressed minimally. The thread lacks flow or content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis.
0 points
Not present
Marketing
Innovation
14 to 15 points
All assignment components are thoughtfully and comprehensively detailed, reflecting collegiate level reasoning and support. Relevant examples or explanations render a clear understanding of the assignment principles.
11 to 13 points
Most of the components of the Discussion Board Forum prompt are answered in the thread, though more detail would render a more comprehensive review of the assignment. The thread has a logical flow. Major points are stated reasonably well. Major points are supported by good examples or analysis.
1 to 10 points
The Discussion Board Forum prompt is addressed minimally. The thread lacks flow or content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis.
0 points
Not present
Spiritual Integration
5 points
Provides detailed answer/application to Scriptural integration prompt.
4 points
Minimum word count of 100-199 words met.
1-3 points
Minimum word count of 1-99 words met.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Thread: Grammar and Spelling, Word Count.
19 to 21 points
Meets 350-word minimum, spelling and grammar are co ...
Criteria Ratings PointsIntroduction 5 to 4.0 ptsAdvanCruzIbarra161
Criteria Ratings Points
Introduction 5 to >4.0 pts
Advanced
The Introduction to the
essay is present and
includes a clear thesis
statement. The
Introduction begins with a
Level 1 heading.
4 to >3.0 pts
Proficient
The Introduction
to the essay is
present and
includes a thesis
statement. The
Introduction
begins with a
Level 1 heading.
3 to >0.0 pts
Developing
The Introduction
to the essay is
limited or
incomplete,
and/or A Level
1 heading is not
provided.
0 pts
Not Present
An Introduction is
not present.
5 pts
Biblical
Integration/Content
33 to >29.0 pts
Advanced
Integration of the Bible
with multiple course topics
is present throughout the
essay. A clear, logical flow
is present throughout the
essay. The points made
are fully developed.
Content is organized
under Level 1 headings.
29 to >27.0 pts
Proficient
Integration of the
Bible with
multiple course
topics is present
throughout most
of the essay. A
clear, logical flow
is present
throughout most
of the essay.
Content is
organized under
Level 1
headings.
27 to >0.0 pts
Developing
Integration of the
Bible with course
topics is
incomplete or
narrow in scope.
The major points
are not stated
clearly
throughout
essay. Content
is not organized
under Level 1
headings.
0 pts
Not Present
The Bible was not
integrated with
course topics in the
essay.
33 pts
Conclusion 5 to >4.0 pts
Advanced
The Conclusion is present
and reiterates the main
points of the essay. The
Conclusion begins with a
Level 1 heading.
4 to >3.0 pts
Proficient
The Conclusion
is present and
partially
reiterates the
main points of
the essay. The
Conclusion
begins with a
Level 1 heading.
3 to >0.0 pts
Developing
A conclusion is
present, but
limited or
incomplete;
and/or no
heading is
provided.
0 pts
Not Present
A conclusion is not
present.
5 pts
Biblical Integration Essay Grading Rubric | BUSI643_B02_202130
Criteria Ratings Points
Sources 10 to >9.0 pts
Advanced
Cites and discusses
specific Scriptures
correctly throughout the
narrative to support the
arguments being made.
Cites and discusses the
course textbook correctly
throughout the narrative to
support the arguments
being made.
9 to >7.0 pts
Proficient
Cites and
discusses
Scriptures in the
narrative to
support the
arguments being
made. Cites and
discusses the
course textbook
in the narrative to
support the
arguments being
made.
7 to >0.0 pts
Developing
Specific
Scriptures are
not cited or
clearly discussed
in the narrative;
and/or the
textbook is not
cited or clearly
discussed in the
narrative.
0 pts
Not Present
The arguments in
the paper are not
supported by
references/sources.
10 pts
Page Count 12 to >10.0 pts
Advanced
The essay is at least two
(2) complete pages of
original narrative, not
counting the title page,
reference page, and
quotations.
10 to >9.0 pts
Proficient
The paper is at
least 1.75
complete pages
of original
narrative, not
counting the title
page, reference
page, and
quotations.
9 to >0.0 ...
InstructionsWritten Assignment 1The purpose of this assignment i.docxaltheaboyer
Instructions
Written Assignment 1
The purpose of this assignment is to explore an assigned topic from the first three weeks of the term in greater depth and to help students analyze content logically through the use of journal articles.
Instructions:
Select an article from academic journals, industry or business magazines, or association Web sites that is not older than two years to the present date. It should be on one of the following topics,
The HRM Environment
Trends and Influences in HRM
Challenges in HRM
HRM as a Strategic Partner
Current Labor Trends
Provide the complete APA reference, using in-text citations correctly.
Address the following questions:
The main purpose of this article is __________
The key question that the author (s) is addressing is __________
The most important information in this article is __________
The main point(s) of view presented in this article is (are) _____________
The key concept(s) we need to understand in this article is (are) ________
The main conclusions in the article are __________
Note:
Requirements for all Writing Assignments include
,
Cover Page with Name, Date, and Title of Assignment
Use headings to separate the sections of the paper
In this particular assignment, use the questions above as headings
The paper is expected to be between 3-4 pages
Page numbers
Double-spacing
Times New Roman, size 12
In-text citations to sources in APA style
Reference page using APA style
Select two additional sources to support your discussion and review of the main article; clearly identify the main article
RUBRIC FOR WRITING ASSIGNMENT 1
Criteria 1
5
4
3
1-2
0
Addresses current themes, issues, challenges in organizations that relate to the HRM environment, trends, influences, challenges, current labor trends or addresses HRM as a strategic partner
Effectively addresses the main topic, most important information, as well as the main conclusion of the article. Makes strong, logical connections.
Addresses the main topic, key questions, most important information and key concepts, as well as the main conclusion of the article; however, makes some indistinct or incomplete connections regarding relevance and workplace connections
Identifies some of the key issues or potential problems; elements of the article are missing or inappropriately identified.
The topic is loosely connected; linkages not made; fails to identify relevance.
Criteria 2
5
4
3
1-2
0
Addresses the challenges of determining solutions in HRM and the specific impact of the topic on leadership, management, problem-solving, and decision-making
Effectively addresses the key questions and the key concepts and incorporates them into the article review discussion. Associated with impact on management, problem-solving, and decision-making. Makes strong, logical connections.
Addresses the key questions and the key concepts and incorporates into topic; however, incompletely. Somewhat associated with impact on HRM. Makes some logical connections
Identi.
BUSI 642Case Study Paper InstructionsThe Case Study Paper must.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
BUSI 642
Case Study Paper Instructions
The Case Study Paper must be at least 750 words (not including the title and reference pages), double-spaced, and in current APA format. Please note that the stated word count is a minimum. Therefore, you are encouraged to ensure that you have thoroughly researched and responded to each question/prompt provided below. Each assignment must include a title page and a references page. Use at least 4 scholarly sources (published within the last 5 years), the course textbook, and biblical integration.
*Note: The case study to be utilized for this assignment is the SHRM case on Aflac and LLBean.
This case study is focused on how 2 different companies use total rewards to support the organization’s missions and values and achieve strategic outcomes. Select only 1 of the companies as the basis for your case study response. (This is not meant to be a comparison of the companies, but an exploration of how 2 different companies use their compensation and benefits structures to achieve organizational outcomes). The paper must specifically address the following areas:
· How the company uses its own products or services to enhance the total compensation for its employees;
· The internal and external strengths and weaknesses identified and how the company responded to these factors from a total rewards perspective;
· Examples of traditional and non-traditional rewards and how they are used to meet organizational objectives;
· How the company aligns its benefits with its corporate values; and
· Recommendations regarding an expansion of the benefits programs offered at the company that would further align HR with the accomplishment of organizational goals and values.
Submit this assignment by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 6.
BUSI 642
Case Paper Grading Rubric
Criteria
Content
Levels of Achievement
88 Points
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not Present
Points Earned
Key Components
& Major Point Support
88-83 points
· Clarity is brought to issues being discussed and relates issues to the textbook and scholarly sources.
· Major points are stated clearly. There is a clear, logical flow to the assignment.
· All key components of the Case Study prompts are answered
· Clear and relevant biblical integration is included.
· A thoughtful analysis (considering assumptions, analyzing implications, compare/contrasting concepts) is included
82-77 points
· Clarity is brought to issues being discussed and relates issues to the textbook and scholarly sources.
· Most major points are stated clearly. There is a clear, logical flow to the assignment.
· Most key components of the Case Study prompts are answered
· Clear and relevant biblical integration is included.
· A thoughtful analysis (considering assumptions, analyzing implications, compare/contrasting concepts) is included
76-1 points
· Clarity is brought to issues being discussed and relates issues to the textbook and scholarly sources.
· Some points.
Module 1 - SLPManaging Individual BehaviorThe SLP for this c.docxclairbycraft
Module 1 - SLP
Managing Individual Behavior
The SLP for this course involves making a personal assessment of a relevant set of skills, focusing on your strengths and identifying any weaknesses that may have been revealed. You will then be asked to create a plan by which you can "grow" your strengths and shore up your weaknesses. By the end of the project, you will have a personal management profile and action plan.
As we have discussed, your values and attitudes interact with your personality to create a strong effect on your work life. The fit between an individual's personality and a company's "style" is essential to job satisfaction. Someone who is risk-averse, for example, would probably be unhappy at 3M, a company with a reputation for innovation and risk-taking. Understanding the impact of your own personality on others helps you build productive work relationships with peers, subordinates, and bosses, alike.
Refer to the required and optional readings for this module, and any other readings which will help you in understanding personality styles and how they affect organizational effectiveness. Remember to follow Trident’s guidelines for masters-level writing. (See
The Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
.)
Assignment
Click on this link to access and complete the
Jung Typology
personality test. After you complete the test, you will want to read the description, but in order to fully understand what this test measures, you should also review “Personality Type explained”. Then review the pages on career choices, learning style and communication skills. Incorporate this information in formulating your responses to the questions below.
You will need to include the actual results in an appendix at the end of your paper. (Note: This appendix requirement will likely increase your paper’s Turnitin similarity score; your professor is aware of this.)
Prepare a 2- page essay that addresses the following:
How does my personality type affect my career and effectiveness at my job?
Refer to the required and optional readings for this module, and any other materials which will help you in understanding personality styles and how they affect organizational effectiveness. Bring in
at least
two sources from your module to add depth to your discussion (citing the materials and including them in your Reference section). Remember to follow Trident’s guidelines for masters-level writing. (See
The Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
.)
·
Complete the assessment according to the guidelines and include the actual results in an Appendix at the end of your paper.
·
Be sure to clearly discuss the following in your essay:
o
What did the test reveal about you?
o
What can you infer from this test about your strengths and weaknesses?
o
How does what you have learned from your module background materials about your personality type affect your motivation? Is this limited to a specific type of s ...
Running Head: Assignment #1 Motivation 2
Assignment #1 Motivation
Tyler Butterfield
MGMT311
American Military University
When it comes to motivating employees to work at their highest level to create a great work environment which also allows the business to be successful. So having all of these variables work together to maintain a positive work environment is key in a business’s success. For business owners, it is also key to find a way to increase the motivation of the employees for them to come in and work hard, work well with others, and have excellent customer service skills so that the business starts to build a reputation of a reliable business. So with that being said we must look at the basic needs of an employee and find out what makes them tick and what makes them want to be successful. Is it time off, more money, better incentives, or the possibility or more promotions?
As a business owner, I know that taking care of the employees that take care of me has got to be my number one priority. With that being said I have to realize that the things that matter to them are the things that matter to me. So to start I would put into the policy that employees have paid time off for their birthdays as well as anniversaries for those that are married. This is a tactic used in a few of the organizations I have been a part of in the past and has been proven to make an employee feel a real part of the team. Now, this takes a large amount of oversite by the supervisor so in organizations where one supervisor is in charge of a large group of subordinates it can be a difficult task. This is why in my business model I would ensure that there were multiple teams of small groups of people to ensure that these teams build cohesion and learn to work together. Having teams with one supervisor and too many subordinates allow employees to not feel a part of the team or that their hard work goes overlooked and having small teams will allow subordinates to see that their hard work will pay off, and in the end making these employees feel like they are a part of the team.
Simple things like having a day off here or there is one thing, but along with feeling a part of the team, one must feel that their hard work and success will pay off with something more substantial like a promotion. Promotions mean things like more money on a weekly or monthly basis. As well as more incentives such as better healthcare, vacation time, and also giving them more responsibility. This will help fulfill these employees' safety and social needs as it comes from Marlow’s hierarchy of needs (apus.brightspace.com). Having the ability to break down the employees into different levels of responsibility is vital to do this and may not be reasonable for some business models, but if possible this is the way I would build mine. When employees see a way to progress and fulfill some more need.
Organizational Dynamics Analysis
OLCU 613 Week 6 Assignment and Rubric
Length: Paper: 8 - 10 double-spaced pages (excluding title and references pages)
Due: Week 6 by Sunday Midnight
Value: 250 Points for 25% of the grade
Post: Turnitin in Week 6 Assignments
This is the Signature Assignment that measures the program learning objective of critical
analysis
Effective leaders and managers are skilled at analyzing organizational dynamics, and facilitating the
successful resolution of complex organizational issues. This often requires considering issues from
different perspectives to determine the necessary actions. In this assignment, you will identify a complex
organizational situation, problem or event you have experienced (or are experiencing) to analyze through
the structural, human resources, political and symbolic frames integrating and synthesizing the
information to draw valid conclusions and make recommendations to address the situation, and achieve
desired organizational goals and outcomes.
Organizational Dynamics Analysis Paper Guidelines
Prepare and submit an 8 - 10 page paper that briefly describes the situation, defines and discusses the
theoretical framework of the four frames, analyzes the situation through each of the frames, and
integrates the analyses to draw valid conclusions and make recommendations that achieves the desired
organizational outcomes. A well-constructed paper will reference 5 or more scholarly sources including 4
peer-reviewed journal articles retrieved from Brandman’s virtual library, adhere to APA standards, and
include the following:
Situation Description
In no more than one page, describe a current or past organizational situation, issue or event you are or
have experienced to examine through the structural, human resources, political and symbolic frames;
briefly discuss the organization’s goals and desired outcomes, key players (names optional), and any
other relevant background information. The situation described should be consistent with the one
approved by the instructor in week 2 and used as the scenario in the discussion board in weeks 2 – 5.
Theoretical Framework
Prior to analyzing the situation through the structural, human resources, political and symbolic frames,
define and discuss each frame, and its value in analyzing organizational issues. You may want to
consider the assumptions behind the frames, the impact of the frames on individual and group
performance and/or the insights each frame provides into organizational dynamics.
Application of Theory
Analyze your situation through each of the four frames assessing the impact of frame on the achievement
of organizational goals and desired outcomes. Synthesize and integrate the findings of the four frames
analyses to draw valid conclusions and make recommendations on how to address the organizational
situation, issue or event.
Evaluation Criteria: Grading Rubric
Criteria Exemplar ...
This document provides instructions for a multi-part assignment on values, servant leadership, and ethics for a nursing leadership class. Students are asked to complete the Rokeach Value Survey and write 3-4 paragraphs discussing how their personal values relate to principles of servant leadership as a nurse. For the second part, students are asked to consider how they would ethically represent a hospital organization whose values do not align with their own if they were in a leadership role. General writing and formatting guidelines are provided, including using APA style, incorporating references, proofreading, and late policies.
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal PapersCriteria.docxgilpinleeanna
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal Papers
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Outstanding Performance
Excellent Performance
Competent Performance
Proficient Performance
Room for Improvement
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED -
1. The extent to which work meets the assigned criteria and work reflects graduate level critical and analytic thinking
(0–30 Points)
30 to 30 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
25 to 29 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
20 to 24 points
Assignment meets expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 50% containing good breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics.
16 to 19 points
Assignment meets most of the expectations. One required topic is either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
0 to 15 points
Assignment superficially meets some of the expectations. Two or more required topics are either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED: Purpose of the paper is clear
(0–5 Points)
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
4 to 4 points
Purpose of the Assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.
1 to 3 points
Purpose of the Assignment is vague.
0 to 0 points
No purpose statement was provided.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS
The extent to which the work reflects the student’s ability to-
1. Understand and interpret the Assignment’s key concepts
(0–10 Points)
10 to 10 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
9 to 9 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
8 to 8 points
Demonstrates a clear understanding of key concepts.
5 to 7 points
Shows some degree of understanding of key concepts.
0 to 4 points
Shows a lack of understanding of key concepts, deviates from topics.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS 2. Apply and integrate material in course resources (i.e., video, required readings, and textbook) and credible outside resources
(0–20 Points)
20 to 20 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
15 to 19 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
10 to 14 points
Integrates specific information from 1 credible outside resource and 3–4 course resources to support major points and point of view.
3 to 9 points
Minimally includes and integ ...
Uop psy 110 week 5 building networks newolivergeorg
This document provides instructions for a PSY 110 week 5 assignment on building networks. Students are asked to write responses between 250-350 words each to five categories of questions: information competency, learning skills reflection, thinking and problem solving, grit and growth mindset, and utilization of support mechanisms. The responses should explain how skills and strategies learned in the course can help with academic and professional networking. Students are encouraged to review chapters 3 and 6 to help with brainstorming and providing ideas.
Uop psy 110 week 5 building networks newuopassignment
This document provides instructions for a PSY 110 week 5 assignment on building networks. Students are asked to write responses between 250-350 words each on five categories: information competency, learning skills reflection, thinking and problem solving, grit and growth mindset, and utilization of support mechanisms. The responses should discuss how to develop academic and professional networks through organizations, social media, managing stress, identifying mentors, staying motivated, and using resources like job sites, internships, school clubs, and faculty. Reviewing earlier assignments and chapters 3 and 6 on notetaking and careers can help with brainstorming responses.
Critical Response Rubric:
Category 0 1 1.5 2
Timeliness
late On time
Delivery of Critical
Response
Utilizes poor
spelling and
grammar; appear
“hasty”
Errors in
spelling and
grammar
evidenced
Few
grammatical or
spelling errors
are noted
Consistently uses
grammatically
correct response
with rare
misspellings
Organization
Unorganized. A
summary of the
chapter.
Unorganized in
ideas and
structure.
Some evidence
of organization.
Unorganized in
either ideas or
structure.
Primarily
organized with
occasional lack
of organization
in either ideas
or structure.
Clear
organization.
Ideas are clear
and follow a
logical
organization.
Structure of the
response is easy
to follow.
Relevance of
Response
(understanding the
chapter)
Lacks clear
understanding of
the chapter
Occasionally off
topic; short in
length and offer
no further
insight into the
topic. Lacking 2
or more of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the assumptions
(3) what the
author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Related to
chapter
content; lacks
one of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the
assumptions (3)
what the author
is arguing for
(4) how the
author
constructs their
argument
Clear
understanding of
chapter content
and includes all of
the following:(1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of the
assumptions (3)
what the author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Expression within
the response
(evidence of
critical thinking)
Does not express
opinions or ideas
about the topic
Unclear
connection to
topic evidenced
in minimal
expression of
opinions or
ideas
Opinions and
ideas are stated
with occasional
lack of
connection to
topic
Expresses
opinions and
ideas in a clear
and concise
manner with
obvious
connection to
topic
Story 2
Naming, walking and magic
By Carlos Gonzalez
The words you speak become the house you live in.—Hafiz (Ladinsky, 1999, p. 281)
Brazilian lyricist and novelist, Paulo Coelho, says that magic is a kind of bridge between the visible and invisible (2014). My work as a teacher and my students’ experiences in the learning spaces I help create sometimes reflect Coelho’s definition. In class, I often make the argument that language is the ultimate form of magic. Without it we don't really understand the world about us. It is that bridge between what is known and what wants to be known or is currently invisible.
In our sessions, because most of my students are familiar with and culturally rooted in the Bible, I mention a passage where God tells Adam to name the animals in the Garden of Eden. For me, this story works as a powerful reminder that the impulse to name is an integral part of what it means to be human. The naming of the animals implies that the way we relate to the world has something to do wi.
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha De.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha Degree. The first, Trace Evidence, is a descriptive trace of the evidence in the case. The second video is the FBI clip hat includes Asha's parents. The Third clip is an experimental walk of the route Asha is claimed to have took that night. SAY HER NAME EXAMPLE- Simply provide a name an incident where violence was inflicted on a Black Female Body (since we've acknowledged Breonna Taylor, please research and find someone else that the class can be made aware of.
One page double space (thoughts)/response
.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ih5RUlzJjZI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-9FtGTRWnk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f30w54xfxiI
.
Critical Reflective AnalysisIn developing your genogram and learni.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflective Analysis
In developing your genogram and learning plan you were required to collect significant personal data that has influenced your lifestyle and consequently your personal health and wellness. Looking at this information and your personal learning plan a meaningful event must have come to mind. This event would have been an incident that probably impacted your lifestyle in a negative fashion; as an example a divorce, an accident or a sudden death of a family member from familial links. How did this affect your overall health using the six dimensions of wellness? How does the research support the findings? What does this mean for you? With the knowledge you have gained how has this changed your perspective? Why? What changes will you make?Using the LEARN
headings
write a critical analyses highlighting the abstract ideas underlying your reflection. Use specific details and at least
three references
to defend your conclusions.
Criteria for Evaluation and GradingFormat:
5 pages (excluding title and reference page)
12 font Arial or Times New Roman
Double spaced
Minimum of 3-4 references
APA format (link)
Submit in a Word.doc document
LEARN HEADINGS
Look Back
Present a meaningful event
Outline event concisely
Elaborate
Summarize event in detail (what happened, who was involved, where the event occurred, your involvement)
Describe personal feelings and perceptions of self and others
Analyze
Identify
one key
issue to analyze
Use literature as a guide with at least 3 evidence based journal articles
Compare and contrast the event with knowledge acquired in reading
Discuss the new perspective (view) you have acquired through the literature
Revise
Refer back to your acquired knowledge and analysis
Explain how you would preserve or change your perspective
Discuss rationale for considering the change in your life
Suggest alternative strategies you are presently using as a result of this analysis
New Perspective
Identify recommendations for future revision of your lifestyle
Guidelines to assist reflective writing:
Occasion for reflection: (an experience – seen, read, heard)
Presents experience through use of concrete, sensory language, quotations and narrative accounts
Shows depth of thought
Indicates creativity
Reflection ( exploration and analyzes)
Reveals feelings and thoughts through presentation of the experience
Conveys evidence of a personal response to the experience
Enables reader to understand the abstract ideas underlying the reflection through use of specific detail
Demonstrates good meta-cognition
Writing Strategies
Uses convincing language and scenarios to detail reflection
Uses comparison and imagery
Enhances reflection through contrasting and explaining possibilities
Makes inferences
Develops new ways of reflecting upon nursing and nursing practice
Coherence and style:
Demonstrates insight through natural flow of ideas
P.
Critical Reflection Project
z
z
z
z
Major parts
Orient the reader
Identify the focus/purpose of the book
Outline the scope of your paper
Topic sentence 1
Discuses the theme (theme 1) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Topic sentence 2
Discuses the theme (theme 2) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Conclude by restating the thesis, summarizing the argument, and making application
Address the themes from biblical point of view
Paragraphs
Outline
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
z
Introduction (Example)
I am a White privileged, American, who is loved, and who is attending the college of her dreams. I live with three younger siblings who do not fit that description. We live in the same house; they are American, loved, attending an amazing high school, privileged, but what is missing? The answer is the color of their skin; I am White and they are Black. My three youngest siblings are adopted from various parts of the United States as well as Africa, and their lives are worlds apart from mine; yet, we live feet apart. I am never afraid to walk home from school or get arrested by the cops, and yet I will be walking home with my 6’0, line man sized, African American little brother and people will cross to the other side of the street. Whole families have crossed in the middle of the road to avoid passing next to us. I know for a fact most of my friends do not worry about their little brother coming home safe because he has the build of the boys you hear about on television being beaten to death—because he has the skin color of the boys on television.
The New York Times best seller, “The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” by Michelle Alexander works to give an explanation for the phenomenon that has been splashed across the news left and right. This movement is known as the “Black Lives Matter” movement that has the purpose of fighting back against the racism in our society: the human rights and dignity many people of color feel they are denied. There is a problem in our society that needs to be addressed because lives are on the line; and, I feel that the Black Lives Matter movement is not effectively or gracefully working to solve this problem as God intended. My purpose for this paper is to argue that our society is not seeing the new racism that is running rampant; that God did not intend for any sort of racism; and, finally conclude with our society should be called into action, especially the believers. For this paper, it will be broken up into three different sections: Michelle Alexander’s book, the corresponding Bible passages, and concluded with the application section.
z
Body (example)
“The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” is a book by Michelle Alexander, whose main argument is “that mass incarceration is, metaphorically, the New Jim Crow.” Some background to explain this statement is Jim Crow laws were a set of laws that barred African Americans from ha.
Critical reflection on the reading from Who Speaks for Justice, .docxwillcoxjanay
This document discusses a reading from the book "Who Speaks for Justice, Part 5: Culture" and encourages critical reflection on culture. It prompts students to think about why cultural beliefs and behaviors exist, rather than just what they are or when they occur. Students are asked to consider what culture they practice, where it came from, how it impacts their own actions and thinking, and how it affects others. The reading suggests that cultural and social influences do not provide definite explanations for why societies are a certain way and calls for mindfulness of cultural norms and patterns of behavior.
Critical Reflection ExerciseStudents are expected to have co.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflection Exercise
Students are expected to have completed the assigned readings each week and be prepared to comment critically.
Rather than providing mere summaries of course readings, students will be asked to analyze and synthesize information from the assigned readings while reflecting on their own lived experiences using personal examples, situations they observe in organizations and within their communities, and current events.
Students will submit a
three
page, double-spaced critical reflection of the assigned readings.
Assigned Readings: *
For the Second Reading, just Chapter 1 & 2
.
Critical Reading StrategiesThe University of Minnesota published.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reading Strategies
The University of Minnesota published a guideline on critical reading, called Critical Reading Strategies.
Click here (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the document.
These guidelines suggest reading in an active and engaged way in order to analyze, evaluate, and understand texts. They recommend:
1. Identifying what you're reading for. Answer the following questions:
1. Why am I reading this text? Is it for general content? To complete a written assignment? To research information?
2. Allowing yourself enough time to read. I recommend giving yourself about one hour for every 25 pages of reading.
1. Note: Get comfortable with the feeling of struggling to read. Many of the texts we encounter this semester are very old. These readings may be obscure, difficult to understand, while reflecting cultural values that may be alien to you. I recommend paying attention to these feelings of discomfort as you read, and then using them to investigate the text further.
1. Example: You notice there is a lot of repetition in the Epic of Gilgamesh so you decide to look into it. You find out that the translation history of Epic of Gilgamesh involves a great deal of transcription from fragmented cuneiform tablets into our written text system.
3. Previewing the text. Does the text have any headings or sub-headings? If so, what are they? Does it include an introduction? If so, what does the introduction have to say? What does the text look like on the page? Literally--does it take up a lot of space? Bigger/smaller margins? Use block writing or stanzas?
4. Engaging. I cannot stress it enough: get in the habit of reading with a pen or pencil in hand. Write in the margins. Circle things you find important. Develop a notation system that reflects your thoughts or feelings as you read.
1. You may draw an angry face next to the section where Gilgamesh insults the goddess Ishtar. You might underline the stanza in which Gilgamesh and Enkidu confront the monster, Humbaba.
2. What the texts says vs what it does. Take time to summarize the text says. What is the main idea? How is the main idea supported? Now ask yourself: how does it do that? Does it use imagery? Metaphor? Repetition? Simple or complicated language?
What is World Literature?
David Damrosch is known for his extensive work in world literature and comparative literature. He is also the director of Harvard's The Institute for World Literature (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. In "Introduction: Goethe Coins a Phrase," Damrosch provides a brief history of world literature as a literary field, and also defines world literature in terms of translation and circulation. See below for the PDF.
Damrosch, David (Introduction--Goethe Coins a Phrase).pdf
· The concept of "world literature" as a literary field comes into the Western World through Goethe's term, weltliteratur. It's important to note that Goethe was not the first to use weltlite.
Critical Qualitative Research Designpages 70–76Related to un.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Qualitative Research Design
pages 70–76
Related to understanding your goals as a researcher is the development of the rationale of the study. A rationale is the reason or argument for why a study matters and why the approach is appropriate to the study. Rationales can range from improving your practice and the practice of colleagues (as in practitioner research), contributing to formal theory (e.g., where there may be a gap in or lack of research in an area), understanding existing research in a new context or with a new population, and/or contributing to the methodological literature and approach to an existing corpus of research in a specific area or field. Thinking about and answering the questions in Table 3.1 can aid in this process. Considering these kinds of questions is central to developing empirical studies, and it is important to understand that these rationales and goals will also lead you to conduct different types of research, guiding your many choices—from the theories used to frame the study to the selection of various methods to the actual research questions as well as designs chosen and implemented.
There are many strategies for engaging in a structured inquiry process and through it an exploration of research goals and the overall rationale of a study. These strategies can include the writing of various kinds of memos, structured dialogic engagement processes, and reflective journaling. Across these strategies, creating the conditions and structures for regular dialogic engagement with a range of interlocutors is an absolutely vital and necessary part of refining your understanding of the goals and rationales for the research. We describe each of these strategies in the subsequent sections.
Memos on Study Goals and Rationale
Memos are important tools in qualitative research and tend to be written about a variety of different topics throughout the phases of a qualitative study. Memos are a way to capture and process, over time, your ongoing ideas and discoveries, challenges associated with fieldwork and design, and analytic sense-making. Depending on your research questions, memos can also become data sources for a study. There is no “wrong” way of writing memos, as their goal is to foster meaning making and serve as a chronicle of emerging learning and thinking. Memos tend to be informal and can be written in a variety of styles, including prose, bullet points, and/or outline form; they can include poetry, drawings, or other supporting imagery. The goals of memos are to help generate and clarify your thinking as well as to capture the development of your thinking, as a kind of phenomenological note taking that captures the meaning making of the researcher in real time and then provides data to refer back and consider the refinement of your thinking over time (Maxwell, 2013; Nakkula & Ravitch, 1998). While we find writing memos to be a useful and generative exercise, both when we write and share them in our indep.
Critical InfrastructuresThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security h.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security has identified what is determined to be critical infrastructure assets that are designated as potentially being of terrorist interest. Although the final responsibility and mission for protecting those assets and sectors of each remains with the DHS, the initial accountability rests with local ownership and authorities.
The DHS has formulated a National Infrastructure Protection Plan to explain and describe the national responsibility. A very significant majority of the infrastructure elements are under private or corporate ownership and maintenance and must share the bulk of responsibility for protection and security under their own mission plans for security.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
What is the National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP)?
When was it created?
Who created it?
Why was it created? Explain.
How important is the private sector with regard to critical infrastructure protection? Why?
What types of strategies can be used for critical infrastructure protection (CIP)?
What strengths currently exist in the United States with regard to CIP? Explain.
What weaknesses still need to be addressed? Why?
How can federal agencies effectively cooperate with private sector organizations? Explain.
What types of information should be disseminated to private sector organizations that are responsible for key assets? Explain.
What types of information, if any, should be withheld from the private sector? Why?
ASSIGNMENT DUE TONIGHT 10/20/13 BY 12 CLOCK
.
Critical Infrastructure Protection
Discussion Questions: How has the federal government responded to possible terrorist attacks (mitigation) where civil liberties have not been endangered? Considering that so much of the nation’s critical infrastructure is privately owned, how has the government-regulated possible civil liberties issues related to private sector employers/employees? Can a balanced policy be implemented regarding critical infrastructure without eroding privacy, freedom of information or other civil liberties?
Minimum of 350 words
APA Style with quotation and references
.
Critical InfrastructuresIn terms of critical infrastructure and ke.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
In terms of critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR), an
asset
is a person, structure, facility, information, material, or a process that has value. For example, in the transportation sector, a bridge would be an asset.
A
network
is a group of related components that interact with each other or share information to perform a function. For example, a light rail system that crosses multiple jurisdictions in a large metropolitan area would be considered a network.
A
system
is any combination of facilities, personnel, equipment, procedures, and communications integrated for a specific purpose. For example, the U.S. interstate highways comprise a system within the transportation sector.
A
sector
consists of a logical collection of interconnected assets, systems, or networks that provide a common function to society, the economy, or the government. For example, the transportation sector consists of vast, open, accessible, interconnected systems, which include the aviation, maritime, pipeline, highway, freight rail, and mass-transit systems.
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
For each of the 18 CIKR sectors, identify 1
–
2 local examples of critical infrastructure.
Briefly describe the examples, and explain how they are operated and utilized.
Provide any information that you feel is unique to each sector.
In your local community, research the infrastructure, and identify one particular element that may be of particular interest to a terrorist or vulnerable to natural or manmade disaster.
Are there any protective measures in place to ensure its safety?
.
More Related Content
Similar to CriteriaLevels of AchievementContent 70Advanced 90-100.docx
Busi 330 Db 2 Grading RubricBased on 70-point maximumCriteria.docxjasoninnes20
Busi 330 Db 2 Grading Rubric
Based on 70-point maximum
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Marketing Strategies
13 to 14 points
All assignment components are thoughtfully and comprehensively detailed, reflecting collegiate level reasoning and support. Relevant examples or explanations render a clear understanding of the assignment principles.
10 to 12
Most of the components of the Discussion Board Forum prompt are answered in the thread, though more detail would render a more comprehensive review of the assignment. The thread has a logical flow. Major points are stated reasonably well. Major points are supported by good examples or analysis.
1 to 9
The Discussion Board Forum prompt is addressed minimally. The thread lacks flow or content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis.
0 points
Not present
Retail Models
14 to 15 points
All assignment components are thoughtfully and comprehensively detailed, reflecting collegiate level reasoning and support. Relevant examples or explanations render a clear understanding of the assignment principles.
11 to 13
Most of the components of the Discussion Board Forum prompt are answered in the thread, though more detail would render a more comprehensive review of the assignment. The thread has a logical flow. Major points are stated reasonably well. Major points are supported by good examples or analysis.
1 to 10
The Discussion Board Forum prompt is addressed minimally. The thread lacks flow or content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis.
0 points
Not present
Marketing
Innovation
14 to 15 points
All assignment components are thoughtfully and comprehensively detailed, reflecting collegiate level reasoning and support. Relevant examples or explanations render a clear understanding of the assignment principles.
11 to 13 points
Most of the components of the Discussion Board Forum prompt are answered in the thread, though more detail would render a more comprehensive review of the assignment. The thread has a logical flow. Major points are stated reasonably well. Major points are supported by good examples or analysis.
1 to 10 points
The Discussion Board Forum prompt is addressed minimally. The thread lacks flow or content. Major points are unclear or confusing. Major points are not supported by examples or thoughtful analysis.
0 points
Not present
Spiritual Integration
5 points
Provides detailed answer/application to Scriptural integration prompt.
4 points
Minimum word count of 100-199 words met.
1-3 points
Minimum word count of 1-99 words met.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Thread: Grammar and Spelling, Word Count.
19 to 21 points
Meets 350-word minimum, spelling and grammar are co ...
Criteria Ratings PointsIntroduction 5 to 4.0 ptsAdvanCruzIbarra161
Criteria Ratings Points
Introduction 5 to >4.0 pts
Advanced
The Introduction to the
essay is present and
includes a clear thesis
statement. The
Introduction begins with a
Level 1 heading.
4 to >3.0 pts
Proficient
The Introduction
to the essay is
present and
includes a thesis
statement. The
Introduction
begins with a
Level 1 heading.
3 to >0.0 pts
Developing
The Introduction
to the essay is
limited or
incomplete,
and/or A Level
1 heading is not
provided.
0 pts
Not Present
An Introduction is
not present.
5 pts
Biblical
Integration/Content
33 to >29.0 pts
Advanced
Integration of the Bible
with multiple course topics
is present throughout the
essay. A clear, logical flow
is present throughout the
essay. The points made
are fully developed.
Content is organized
under Level 1 headings.
29 to >27.0 pts
Proficient
Integration of the
Bible with
multiple course
topics is present
throughout most
of the essay. A
clear, logical flow
is present
throughout most
of the essay.
Content is
organized under
Level 1
headings.
27 to >0.0 pts
Developing
Integration of the
Bible with course
topics is
incomplete or
narrow in scope.
The major points
are not stated
clearly
throughout
essay. Content
is not organized
under Level 1
headings.
0 pts
Not Present
The Bible was not
integrated with
course topics in the
essay.
33 pts
Conclusion 5 to >4.0 pts
Advanced
The Conclusion is present
and reiterates the main
points of the essay. The
Conclusion begins with a
Level 1 heading.
4 to >3.0 pts
Proficient
The Conclusion
is present and
partially
reiterates the
main points of
the essay. The
Conclusion
begins with a
Level 1 heading.
3 to >0.0 pts
Developing
A conclusion is
present, but
limited or
incomplete;
and/or no
heading is
provided.
0 pts
Not Present
A conclusion is not
present.
5 pts
Biblical Integration Essay Grading Rubric | BUSI643_B02_202130
Criteria Ratings Points
Sources 10 to >9.0 pts
Advanced
Cites and discusses
specific Scriptures
correctly throughout the
narrative to support the
arguments being made.
Cites and discusses the
course textbook correctly
throughout the narrative to
support the arguments
being made.
9 to >7.0 pts
Proficient
Cites and
discusses
Scriptures in the
narrative to
support the
arguments being
made. Cites and
discusses the
course textbook
in the narrative to
support the
arguments being
made.
7 to >0.0 pts
Developing
Specific
Scriptures are
not cited or
clearly discussed
in the narrative;
and/or the
textbook is not
cited or clearly
discussed in the
narrative.
0 pts
Not Present
The arguments in
the paper are not
supported by
references/sources.
10 pts
Page Count 12 to >10.0 pts
Advanced
The essay is at least two
(2) complete pages of
original narrative, not
counting the title page,
reference page, and
quotations.
10 to >9.0 pts
Proficient
The paper is at
least 1.75
complete pages
of original
narrative, not
counting the title
page, reference
page, and
quotations.
9 to >0.0 ...
InstructionsWritten Assignment 1The purpose of this assignment i.docxaltheaboyer
Instructions
Written Assignment 1
The purpose of this assignment is to explore an assigned topic from the first three weeks of the term in greater depth and to help students analyze content logically through the use of journal articles.
Instructions:
Select an article from academic journals, industry or business magazines, or association Web sites that is not older than two years to the present date. It should be on one of the following topics,
The HRM Environment
Trends and Influences in HRM
Challenges in HRM
HRM as a Strategic Partner
Current Labor Trends
Provide the complete APA reference, using in-text citations correctly.
Address the following questions:
The main purpose of this article is __________
The key question that the author (s) is addressing is __________
The most important information in this article is __________
The main point(s) of view presented in this article is (are) _____________
The key concept(s) we need to understand in this article is (are) ________
The main conclusions in the article are __________
Note:
Requirements for all Writing Assignments include
,
Cover Page with Name, Date, and Title of Assignment
Use headings to separate the sections of the paper
In this particular assignment, use the questions above as headings
The paper is expected to be between 3-4 pages
Page numbers
Double-spacing
Times New Roman, size 12
In-text citations to sources in APA style
Reference page using APA style
Select two additional sources to support your discussion and review of the main article; clearly identify the main article
RUBRIC FOR WRITING ASSIGNMENT 1
Criteria 1
5
4
3
1-2
0
Addresses current themes, issues, challenges in organizations that relate to the HRM environment, trends, influences, challenges, current labor trends or addresses HRM as a strategic partner
Effectively addresses the main topic, most important information, as well as the main conclusion of the article. Makes strong, logical connections.
Addresses the main topic, key questions, most important information and key concepts, as well as the main conclusion of the article; however, makes some indistinct or incomplete connections regarding relevance and workplace connections
Identifies some of the key issues or potential problems; elements of the article are missing or inappropriately identified.
The topic is loosely connected; linkages not made; fails to identify relevance.
Criteria 2
5
4
3
1-2
0
Addresses the challenges of determining solutions in HRM and the specific impact of the topic on leadership, management, problem-solving, and decision-making
Effectively addresses the key questions and the key concepts and incorporates them into the article review discussion. Associated with impact on management, problem-solving, and decision-making. Makes strong, logical connections.
Addresses the key questions and the key concepts and incorporates into topic; however, incompletely. Somewhat associated with impact on HRM. Makes some logical connections
Identi.
BUSI 642Case Study Paper InstructionsThe Case Study Paper must.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
BUSI 642
Case Study Paper Instructions
The Case Study Paper must be at least 750 words (not including the title and reference pages), double-spaced, and in current APA format. Please note that the stated word count is a minimum. Therefore, you are encouraged to ensure that you have thoroughly researched and responded to each question/prompt provided below. Each assignment must include a title page and a references page. Use at least 4 scholarly sources (published within the last 5 years), the course textbook, and biblical integration.
*Note: The case study to be utilized for this assignment is the SHRM case on Aflac and LLBean.
This case study is focused on how 2 different companies use total rewards to support the organization’s missions and values and achieve strategic outcomes. Select only 1 of the companies as the basis for your case study response. (This is not meant to be a comparison of the companies, but an exploration of how 2 different companies use their compensation and benefits structures to achieve organizational outcomes). The paper must specifically address the following areas:
· How the company uses its own products or services to enhance the total compensation for its employees;
· The internal and external strengths and weaknesses identified and how the company responded to these factors from a total rewards perspective;
· Examples of traditional and non-traditional rewards and how they are used to meet organizational objectives;
· How the company aligns its benefits with its corporate values; and
· Recommendations regarding an expansion of the benefits programs offered at the company that would further align HR with the accomplishment of organizational goals and values.
Submit this assignment by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 6.
BUSI 642
Case Paper Grading Rubric
Criteria
Content
Levels of Achievement
88 Points
Advanced
Proficient
Developing
Not Present
Points Earned
Key Components
& Major Point Support
88-83 points
· Clarity is brought to issues being discussed and relates issues to the textbook and scholarly sources.
· Major points are stated clearly. There is a clear, logical flow to the assignment.
· All key components of the Case Study prompts are answered
· Clear and relevant biblical integration is included.
· A thoughtful analysis (considering assumptions, analyzing implications, compare/contrasting concepts) is included
82-77 points
· Clarity is brought to issues being discussed and relates issues to the textbook and scholarly sources.
· Most major points are stated clearly. There is a clear, logical flow to the assignment.
· Most key components of the Case Study prompts are answered
· Clear and relevant biblical integration is included.
· A thoughtful analysis (considering assumptions, analyzing implications, compare/contrasting concepts) is included
76-1 points
· Clarity is brought to issues being discussed and relates issues to the textbook and scholarly sources.
· Some points.
Module 1 - SLPManaging Individual BehaviorThe SLP for this c.docxclairbycraft
Module 1 - SLP
Managing Individual Behavior
The SLP for this course involves making a personal assessment of a relevant set of skills, focusing on your strengths and identifying any weaknesses that may have been revealed. You will then be asked to create a plan by which you can "grow" your strengths and shore up your weaknesses. By the end of the project, you will have a personal management profile and action plan.
As we have discussed, your values and attitudes interact with your personality to create a strong effect on your work life. The fit between an individual's personality and a company's "style" is essential to job satisfaction. Someone who is risk-averse, for example, would probably be unhappy at 3M, a company with a reputation for innovation and risk-taking. Understanding the impact of your own personality on others helps you build productive work relationships with peers, subordinates, and bosses, alike.
Refer to the required and optional readings for this module, and any other readings which will help you in understanding personality styles and how they affect organizational effectiveness. Remember to follow Trident’s guidelines for masters-level writing. (See
The Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
.)
Assignment
Click on this link to access and complete the
Jung Typology
personality test. After you complete the test, you will want to read the description, but in order to fully understand what this test measures, you should also review “Personality Type explained”. Then review the pages on career choices, learning style and communication skills. Incorporate this information in formulating your responses to the questions below.
You will need to include the actual results in an appendix at the end of your paper. (Note: This appendix requirement will likely increase your paper’s Turnitin similarity score; your professor is aware of this.)
Prepare a 2- page essay that addresses the following:
How does my personality type affect my career and effectiveness at my job?
Refer to the required and optional readings for this module, and any other materials which will help you in understanding personality styles and how they affect organizational effectiveness. Bring in
at least
two sources from your module to add depth to your discussion (citing the materials and including them in your Reference section). Remember to follow Trident’s guidelines for masters-level writing. (See
The Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper
.)
·
Complete the assessment according to the guidelines and include the actual results in an Appendix at the end of your paper.
·
Be sure to clearly discuss the following in your essay:
o
What did the test reveal about you?
o
What can you infer from this test about your strengths and weaknesses?
o
How does what you have learned from your module background materials about your personality type affect your motivation? Is this limited to a specific type of s ...
Running Head: Assignment #1 Motivation 2
Assignment #1 Motivation
Tyler Butterfield
MGMT311
American Military University
When it comes to motivating employees to work at their highest level to create a great work environment which also allows the business to be successful. So having all of these variables work together to maintain a positive work environment is key in a business’s success. For business owners, it is also key to find a way to increase the motivation of the employees for them to come in and work hard, work well with others, and have excellent customer service skills so that the business starts to build a reputation of a reliable business. So with that being said we must look at the basic needs of an employee and find out what makes them tick and what makes them want to be successful. Is it time off, more money, better incentives, or the possibility or more promotions?
As a business owner, I know that taking care of the employees that take care of me has got to be my number one priority. With that being said I have to realize that the things that matter to them are the things that matter to me. So to start I would put into the policy that employees have paid time off for their birthdays as well as anniversaries for those that are married. This is a tactic used in a few of the organizations I have been a part of in the past and has been proven to make an employee feel a real part of the team. Now, this takes a large amount of oversite by the supervisor so in organizations where one supervisor is in charge of a large group of subordinates it can be a difficult task. This is why in my business model I would ensure that there were multiple teams of small groups of people to ensure that these teams build cohesion and learn to work together. Having teams with one supervisor and too many subordinates allow employees to not feel a part of the team or that their hard work goes overlooked and having small teams will allow subordinates to see that their hard work will pay off, and in the end making these employees feel like they are a part of the team.
Simple things like having a day off here or there is one thing, but along with feeling a part of the team, one must feel that their hard work and success will pay off with something more substantial like a promotion. Promotions mean things like more money on a weekly or monthly basis. As well as more incentives such as better healthcare, vacation time, and also giving them more responsibility. This will help fulfill these employees' safety and social needs as it comes from Marlow’s hierarchy of needs (apus.brightspace.com). Having the ability to break down the employees into different levels of responsibility is vital to do this and may not be reasonable for some business models, but if possible this is the way I would build mine. When employees see a way to progress and fulfill some more need.
Organizational Dynamics Analysis
OLCU 613 Week 6 Assignment and Rubric
Length: Paper: 8 - 10 double-spaced pages (excluding title and references pages)
Due: Week 6 by Sunday Midnight
Value: 250 Points for 25% of the grade
Post: Turnitin in Week 6 Assignments
This is the Signature Assignment that measures the program learning objective of critical
analysis
Effective leaders and managers are skilled at analyzing organizational dynamics, and facilitating the
successful resolution of complex organizational issues. This often requires considering issues from
different perspectives to determine the necessary actions. In this assignment, you will identify a complex
organizational situation, problem or event you have experienced (or are experiencing) to analyze through
the structural, human resources, political and symbolic frames integrating and synthesizing the
information to draw valid conclusions and make recommendations to address the situation, and achieve
desired organizational goals and outcomes.
Organizational Dynamics Analysis Paper Guidelines
Prepare and submit an 8 - 10 page paper that briefly describes the situation, defines and discusses the
theoretical framework of the four frames, analyzes the situation through each of the frames, and
integrates the analyses to draw valid conclusions and make recommendations that achieves the desired
organizational outcomes. A well-constructed paper will reference 5 or more scholarly sources including 4
peer-reviewed journal articles retrieved from Brandman’s virtual library, adhere to APA standards, and
include the following:
Situation Description
In no more than one page, describe a current or past organizational situation, issue or event you are or
have experienced to examine through the structural, human resources, political and symbolic frames;
briefly discuss the organization’s goals and desired outcomes, key players (names optional), and any
other relevant background information. The situation described should be consistent with the one
approved by the instructor in week 2 and used as the scenario in the discussion board in weeks 2 – 5.
Theoretical Framework
Prior to analyzing the situation through the structural, human resources, political and symbolic frames,
define and discuss each frame, and its value in analyzing organizational issues. You may want to
consider the assumptions behind the frames, the impact of the frames on individual and group
performance and/or the insights each frame provides into organizational dynamics.
Application of Theory
Analyze your situation through each of the four frames assessing the impact of frame on the achievement
of organizational goals and desired outcomes. Synthesize and integrate the findings of the four frames
analyses to draw valid conclusions and make recommendations on how to address the organizational
situation, issue or event.
Evaluation Criteria: Grading Rubric
Criteria Exemplar ...
This document provides instructions for a multi-part assignment on values, servant leadership, and ethics for a nursing leadership class. Students are asked to complete the Rokeach Value Survey and write 3-4 paragraphs discussing how their personal values relate to principles of servant leadership as a nurse. For the second part, students are asked to consider how they would ethically represent a hospital organization whose values do not align with their own if they were in a leadership role. General writing and formatting guidelines are provided, including using APA style, incorporating references, proofreading, and late policies.
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal PapersCriteria.docxgilpinleeanna
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal Papers
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Outstanding Performance
Excellent Performance
Competent Performance
Proficient Performance
Room for Improvement
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED -
1. The extent to which work meets the assigned criteria and work reflects graduate level critical and analytic thinking
(0–30 Points)
30 to 30 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
25 to 29 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
20 to 24 points
Assignment meets expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 50% containing good breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics.
16 to 19 points
Assignment meets most of the expectations. One required topic is either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
0 to 15 points
Assignment superficially meets some of the expectations. Two or more required topics are either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED: Purpose of the paper is clear
(0–5 Points)
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
4 to 4 points
Purpose of the Assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.
1 to 3 points
Purpose of the Assignment is vague.
0 to 0 points
No purpose statement was provided.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS
The extent to which the work reflects the student’s ability to-
1. Understand and interpret the Assignment’s key concepts
(0–10 Points)
10 to 10 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
9 to 9 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
8 to 8 points
Demonstrates a clear understanding of key concepts.
5 to 7 points
Shows some degree of understanding of key concepts.
0 to 4 points
Shows a lack of understanding of key concepts, deviates from topics.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS 2. Apply and integrate material in course resources (i.e., video, required readings, and textbook) and credible outside resources
(0–20 Points)
20 to 20 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
15 to 19 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
10 to 14 points
Integrates specific information from 1 credible outside resource and 3–4 course resources to support major points and point of view.
3 to 9 points
Minimally includes and integ ...
Uop psy 110 week 5 building networks newolivergeorg
This document provides instructions for a PSY 110 week 5 assignment on building networks. Students are asked to write responses between 250-350 words each to five categories of questions: information competency, learning skills reflection, thinking and problem solving, grit and growth mindset, and utilization of support mechanisms. The responses should explain how skills and strategies learned in the course can help with academic and professional networking. Students are encouraged to review chapters 3 and 6 to help with brainstorming and providing ideas.
Uop psy 110 week 5 building networks newuopassignment
This document provides instructions for a PSY 110 week 5 assignment on building networks. Students are asked to write responses between 250-350 words each on five categories: information competency, learning skills reflection, thinking and problem solving, grit and growth mindset, and utilization of support mechanisms. The responses should discuss how to develop academic and professional networks through organizations, social media, managing stress, identifying mentors, staying motivated, and using resources like job sites, internships, school clubs, and faculty. Reviewing earlier assignments and chapters 3 and 6 on notetaking and careers can help with brainstorming responses.
Similar to CriteriaLevels of AchievementContent 70Advanced 90-100.docx (11)
Critical Response Rubric:
Category 0 1 1.5 2
Timeliness
late On time
Delivery of Critical
Response
Utilizes poor
spelling and
grammar; appear
“hasty”
Errors in
spelling and
grammar
evidenced
Few
grammatical or
spelling errors
are noted
Consistently uses
grammatically
correct response
with rare
misspellings
Organization
Unorganized. A
summary of the
chapter.
Unorganized in
ideas and
structure.
Some evidence
of organization.
Unorganized in
either ideas or
structure.
Primarily
organized with
occasional lack
of organization
in either ideas
or structure.
Clear
organization.
Ideas are clear
and follow a
logical
organization.
Structure of the
response is easy
to follow.
Relevance of
Response
(understanding the
chapter)
Lacks clear
understanding of
the chapter
Occasionally off
topic; short in
length and offer
no further
insight into the
topic. Lacking 2
or more of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the assumptions
(3) what the
author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Related to
chapter
content; lacks
one of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the
assumptions (3)
what the author
is arguing for
(4) how the
author
constructs their
argument
Clear
understanding of
chapter content
and includes all of
the following:(1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of the
assumptions (3)
what the author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Expression within
the response
(evidence of
critical thinking)
Does not express
opinions or ideas
about the topic
Unclear
connection to
topic evidenced
in minimal
expression of
opinions or
ideas
Opinions and
ideas are stated
with occasional
lack of
connection to
topic
Expresses
opinions and
ideas in a clear
and concise
manner with
obvious
connection to
topic
Story 2
Naming, walking and magic
By Carlos Gonzalez
The words you speak become the house you live in.—Hafiz (Ladinsky, 1999, p. 281)
Brazilian lyricist and novelist, Paulo Coelho, says that magic is a kind of bridge between the visible and invisible (2014). My work as a teacher and my students’ experiences in the learning spaces I help create sometimes reflect Coelho’s definition. In class, I often make the argument that language is the ultimate form of magic. Without it we don't really understand the world about us. It is that bridge between what is known and what wants to be known or is currently invisible.
In our sessions, because most of my students are familiar with and culturally rooted in the Bible, I mention a passage where God tells Adam to name the animals in the Garden of Eden. For me, this story works as a powerful reminder that the impulse to name is an integral part of what it means to be human. The naming of the animals implies that the way we relate to the world has something to do wi.
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha De.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha Degree. The first, Trace Evidence, is a descriptive trace of the evidence in the case. The second video is the FBI clip hat includes Asha's parents. The Third clip is an experimental walk of the route Asha is claimed to have took that night. SAY HER NAME EXAMPLE- Simply provide a name an incident where violence was inflicted on a Black Female Body (since we've acknowledged Breonna Taylor, please research and find someone else that the class can be made aware of.
One page double space (thoughts)/response
.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ih5RUlzJjZI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-9FtGTRWnk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f30w54xfxiI
.
Critical Reflective AnalysisIn developing your genogram and learni.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflective Analysis
In developing your genogram and learning plan you were required to collect significant personal data that has influenced your lifestyle and consequently your personal health and wellness. Looking at this information and your personal learning plan a meaningful event must have come to mind. This event would have been an incident that probably impacted your lifestyle in a negative fashion; as an example a divorce, an accident or a sudden death of a family member from familial links. How did this affect your overall health using the six dimensions of wellness? How does the research support the findings? What does this mean for you? With the knowledge you have gained how has this changed your perspective? Why? What changes will you make?Using the LEARN
headings
write a critical analyses highlighting the abstract ideas underlying your reflection. Use specific details and at least
three references
to defend your conclusions.
Criteria for Evaluation and GradingFormat:
5 pages (excluding title and reference page)
12 font Arial or Times New Roman
Double spaced
Minimum of 3-4 references
APA format (link)
Submit in a Word.doc document
LEARN HEADINGS
Look Back
Present a meaningful event
Outline event concisely
Elaborate
Summarize event in detail (what happened, who was involved, where the event occurred, your involvement)
Describe personal feelings and perceptions of self and others
Analyze
Identify
one key
issue to analyze
Use literature as a guide with at least 3 evidence based journal articles
Compare and contrast the event with knowledge acquired in reading
Discuss the new perspective (view) you have acquired through the literature
Revise
Refer back to your acquired knowledge and analysis
Explain how you would preserve or change your perspective
Discuss rationale for considering the change in your life
Suggest alternative strategies you are presently using as a result of this analysis
New Perspective
Identify recommendations for future revision of your lifestyle
Guidelines to assist reflective writing:
Occasion for reflection: (an experience – seen, read, heard)
Presents experience through use of concrete, sensory language, quotations and narrative accounts
Shows depth of thought
Indicates creativity
Reflection ( exploration and analyzes)
Reveals feelings and thoughts through presentation of the experience
Conveys evidence of a personal response to the experience
Enables reader to understand the abstract ideas underlying the reflection through use of specific detail
Demonstrates good meta-cognition
Writing Strategies
Uses convincing language and scenarios to detail reflection
Uses comparison and imagery
Enhances reflection through contrasting and explaining possibilities
Makes inferences
Develops new ways of reflecting upon nursing and nursing practice
Coherence and style:
Demonstrates insight through natural flow of ideas
P.
Critical Reflection Project
z
z
z
z
Major parts
Orient the reader
Identify the focus/purpose of the book
Outline the scope of your paper
Topic sentence 1
Discuses the theme (theme 1) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Topic sentence 2
Discuses the theme (theme 2) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Conclude by restating the thesis, summarizing the argument, and making application
Address the themes from biblical point of view
Paragraphs
Outline
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
z
Introduction (Example)
I am a White privileged, American, who is loved, and who is attending the college of her dreams. I live with three younger siblings who do not fit that description. We live in the same house; they are American, loved, attending an amazing high school, privileged, but what is missing? The answer is the color of their skin; I am White and they are Black. My three youngest siblings are adopted from various parts of the United States as well as Africa, and their lives are worlds apart from mine; yet, we live feet apart. I am never afraid to walk home from school or get arrested by the cops, and yet I will be walking home with my 6’0, line man sized, African American little brother and people will cross to the other side of the street. Whole families have crossed in the middle of the road to avoid passing next to us. I know for a fact most of my friends do not worry about their little brother coming home safe because he has the build of the boys you hear about on television being beaten to death—because he has the skin color of the boys on television.
The New York Times best seller, “The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” by Michelle Alexander works to give an explanation for the phenomenon that has been splashed across the news left and right. This movement is known as the “Black Lives Matter” movement that has the purpose of fighting back against the racism in our society: the human rights and dignity many people of color feel they are denied. There is a problem in our society that needs to be addressed because lives are on the line; and, I feel that the Black Lives Matter movement is not effectively or gracefully working to solve this problem as God intended. My purpose for this paper is to argue that our society is not seeing the new racism that is running rampant; that God did not intend for any sort of racism; and, finally conclude with our society should be called into action, especially the believers. For this paper, it will be broken up into three different sections: Michelle Alexander’s book, the corresponding Bible passages, and concluded with the application section.
z
Body (example)
“The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” is a book by Michelle Alexander, whose main argument is “that mass incarceration is, metaphorically, the New Jim Crow.” Some background to explain this statement is Jim Crow laws were a set of laws that barred African Americans from ha.
Critical reflection on the reading from Who Speaks for Justice, .docxwillcoxjanay
This document discusses a reading from the book "Who Speaks for Justice, Part 5: Culture" and encourages critical reflection on culture. It prompts students to think about why cultural beliefs and behaviors exist, rather than just what they are or when they occur. Students are asked to consider what culture they practice, where it came from, how it impacts their own actions and thinking, and how it affects others. The reading suggests that cultural and social influences do not provide definite explanations for why societies are a certain way and calls for mindfulness of cultural norms and patterns of behavior.
Critical Reflection ExerciseStudents are expected to have co.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflection Exercise
Students are expected to have completed the assigned readings each week and be prepared to comment critically.
Rather than providing mere summaries of course readings, students will be asked to analyze and synthesize information from the assigned readings while reflecting on their own lived experiences using personal examples, situations they observe in organizations and within their communities, and current events.
Students will submit a
three
page, double-spaced critical reflection of the assigned readings.
Assigned Readings: *
For the Second Reading, just Chapter 1 & 2
.
Critical Reading StrategiesThe University of Minnesota published.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reading Strategies
The University of Minnesota published a guideline on critical reading, called Critical Reading Strategies.
Click here (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the document.
These guidelines suggest reading in an active and engaged way in order to analyze, evaluate, and understand texts. They recommend:
1. Identifying what you're reading for. Answer the following questions:
1. Why am I reading this text? Is it for general content? To complete a written assignment? To research information?
2. Allowing yourself enough time to read. I recommend giving yourself about one hour for every 25 pages of reading.
1. Note: Get comfortable with the feeling of struggling to read. Many of the texts we encounter this semester are very old. These readings may be obscure, difficult to understand, while reflecting cultural values that may be alien to you. I recommend paying attention to these feelings of discomfort as you read, and then using them to investigate the text further.
1. Example: You notice there is a lot of repetition in the Epic of Gilgamesh so you decide to look into it. You find out that the translation history of Epic of Gilgamesh involves a great deal of transcription from fragmented cuneiform tablets into our written text system.
3. Previewing the text. Does the text have any headings or sub-headings? If so, what are they? Does it include an introduction? If so, what does the introduction have to say? What does the text look like on the page? Literally--does it take up a lot of space? Bigger/smaller margins? Use block writing or stanzas?
4. Engaging. I cannot stress it enough: get in the habit of reading with a pen or pencil in hand. Write in the margins. Circle things you find important. Develop a notation system that reflects your thoughts or feelings as you read.
1. You may draw an angry face next to the section where Gilgamesh insults the goddess Ishtar. You might underline the stanza in which Gilgamesh and Enkidu confront the monster, Humbaba.
2. What the texts says vs what it does. Take time to summarize the text says. What is the main idea? How is the main idea supported? Now ask yourself: how does it do that? Does it use imagery? Metaphor? Repetition? Simple or complicated language?
What is World Literature?
David Damrosch is known for his extensive work in world literature and comparative literature. He is also the director of Harvard's The Institute for World Literature (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. In "Introduction: Goethe Coins a Phrase," Damrosch provides a brief history of world literature as a literary field, and also defines world literature in terms of translation and circulation. See below for the PDF.
Damrosch, David (Introduction--Goethe Coins a Phrase).pdf
· The concept of "world literature" as a literary field comes into the Western World through Goethe's term, weltliteratur. It's important to note that Goethe was not the first to use weltlite.
Critical Qualitative Research Designpages 70–76Related to un.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Qualitative Research Design
pages 70–76
Related to understanding your goals as a researcher is the development of the rationale of the study. A rationale is the reason or argument for why a study matters and why the approach is appropriate to the study. Rationales can range from improving your practice and the practice of colleagues (as in practitioner research), contributing to formal theory (e.g., where there may be a gap in or lack of research in an area), understanding existing research in a new context or with a new population, and/or contributing to the methodological literature and approach to an existing corpus of research in a specific area or field. Thinking about and answering the questions in Table 3.1 can aid in this process. Considering these kinds of questions is central to developing empirical studies, and it is important to understand that these rationales and goals will also lead you to conduct different types of research, guiding your many choices—from the theories used to frame the study to the selection of various methods to the actual research questions as well as designs chosen and implemented.
There are many strategies for engaging in a structured inquiry process and through it an exploration of research goals and the overall rationale of a study. These strategies can include the writing of various kinds of memos, structured dialogic engagement processes, and reflective journaling. Across these strategies, creating the conditions and structures for regular dialogic engagement with a range of interlocutors is an absolutely vital and necessary part of refining your understanding of the goals and rationales for the research. We describe each of these strategies in the subsequent sections.
Memos on Study Goals and Rationale
Memos are important tools in qualitative research and tend to be written about a variety of different topics throughout the phases of a qualitative study. Memos are a way to capture and process, over time, your ongoing ideas and discoveries, challenges associated with fieldwork and design, and analytic sense-making. Depending on your research questions, memos can also become data sources for a study. There is no “wrong” way of writing memos, as their goal is to foster meaning making and serve as a chronicle of emerging learning and thinking. Memos tend to be informal and can be written in a variety of styles, including prose, bullet points, and/or outline form; they can include poetry, drawings, or other supporting imagery. The goals of memos are to help generate and clarify your thinking as well as to capture the development of your thinking, as a kind of phenomenological note taking that captures the meaning making of the researcher in real time and then provides data to refer back and consider the refinement of your thinking over time (Maxwell, 2013; Nakkula & Ravitch, 1998). While we find writing memos to be a useful and generative exercise, both when we write and share them in our indep.
Critical InfrastructuresThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security h.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security has identified what is determined to be critical infrastructure assets that are designated as potentially being of terrorist interest. Although the final responsibility and mission for protecting those assets and sectors of each remains with the DHS, the initial accountability rests with local ownership and authorities.
The DHS has formulated a National Infrastructure Protection Plan to explain and describe the national responsibility. A very significant majority of the infrastructure elements are under private or corporate ownership and maintenance and must share the bulk of responsibility for protection and security under their own mission plans for security.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
What is the National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP)?
When was it created?
Who created it?
Why was it created? Explain.
How important is the private sector with regard to critical infrastructure protection? Why?
What types of strategies can be used for critical infrastructure protection (CIP)?
What strengths currently exist in the United States with regard to CIP? Explain.
What weaknesses still need to be addressed? Why?
How can federal agencies effectively cooperate with private sector organizations? Explain.
What types of information should be disseminated to private sector organizations that are responsible for key assets? Explain.
What types of information, if any, should be withheld from the private sector? Why?
ASSIGNMENT DUE TONIGHT 10/20/13 BY 12 CLOCK
.
Critical Infrastructure Protection
Discussion Questions: How has the federal government responded to possible terrorist attacks (mitigation) where civil liberties have not been endangered? Considering that so much of the nation’s critical infrastructure is privately owned, how has the government-regulated possible civil liberties issues related to private sector employers/employees? Can a balanced policy be implemented regarding critical infrastructure without eroding privacy, freedom of information or other civil liberties?
Minimum of 350 words
APA Style with quotation and references
.
Critical InfrastructuresIn terms of critical infrastructure and ke.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
In terms of critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR), an
asset
is a person, structure, facility, information, material, or a process that has value. For example, in the transportation sector, a bridge would be an asset.
A
network
is a group of related components that interact with each other or share information to perform a function. For example, a light rail system that crosses multiple jurisdictions in a large metropolitan area would be considered a network.
A
system
is any combination of facilities, personnel, equipment, procedures, and communications integrated for a specific purpose. For example, the U.S. interstate highways comprise a system within the transportation sector.
A
sector
consists of a logical collection of interconnected assets, systems, or networks that provide a common function to society, the economy, or the government. For example, the transportation sector consists of vast, open, accessible, interconnected systems, which include the aviation, maritime, pipeline, highway, freight rail, and mass-transit systems.
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
For each of the 18 CIKR sectors, identify 1
–
2 local examples of critical infrastructure.
Briefly describe the examples, and explain how they are operated and utilized.
Provide any information that you feel is unique to each sector.
In your local community, research the infrastructure, and identify one particular element that may be of particular interest to a terrorist or vulnerable to natural or manmade disaster.
Are there any protective measures in place to ensure its safety?
.
Critical Infrastructure Case StudyPower plants are an important .docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructure Case Study
Power plants are an important part of critical infrastructures and local, state, and national economies. Therefore, power plants need deep and multilayered access controls due to concerns over physical security. There are a number of sensitive areas that must be secured, and various employees need different levels of access to these locations. At a plant in the upper Midwest, this access is handled with identity badges that include images of the user and an RFID with their access rights. The RFID handles access through multiple levels. There is a security checkpoint at the entrance to the parking lot, and at the entrance. Both points require a badge to enter. From there the badge allows personnel to enter the facilities they are authorized to enter. It also acts as "something you have" for multipoint authentication onto secure systems. These are all standard functions for an RFID badge system. The badges also have an automatic deactivation feature, which is useful for certain personnel. Maintenance personnel, for example, do not have enhanced access and do not require access to secured areas of the site. However, the maintenance team may need access to any area of the facility regardless of its sensitivity, in the case of a breakdown or special project. To allow for this, the badges can be granted access rights that decay over time. This allows for temporary access to secure areas that is then automatically revoked over a number of hours or days. This lowers administrative time, and reduces the risk of human error in rights assignment.
.
Critical Infrastructure and a CyberattackPresidential Decisi.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructure and a Cyberattack
Presidential Decision Directive 21 (PDD-21) identifies 16 critical infrastructures. PDD-21 lays out the national policy to maintain secure, functioning and resilient critical infrastructure. Select a critical infrastructure sector from the list below and discuss the impact that a cyberattack could have on that system or service:
Communication Sector (voice communications, digital communications, or navigation)
Energy Sector (electric power grid)
Water and Wastewater Systems Sector (water supply or sewage)
Healthcare and Public Health Sector (hospitals)
Transportation Systems Sector (rail or air)
Financial Services Sector (banking )
It is the third and fourth order effects from the cyberattack on the chosen critical infrastructure that shows the far reaching and devastating effect of a cyberattack. To demonstrate the interconnectedness of critical infrastructure, explain the cascading effects on other critical infrastructure. Then, discuss the measures DHS has taken to ensure resiliency of the selected infrastructure and the measures that need to be implemented in the future.
The Critical Infrastructure and a Cyberattack assignment
Must be three to four pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center (Links to an external site.)
.
Must include a
cover page (Links to an external site.)
with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must include an introductory paragraph with a succinct thesis statement. The thesis must be in both the introduction and the conclusion.
Must use at least three scholarly sources or official government sources in addition to the course text.
Must
document all sources in APA style (Links to an external site.)
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate
references page that is formatted according to APA style (Links to an external site.)
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Carefully review the
Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)
for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
.
Critical Incident Protection (CIP)Plans need to have your name o.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Incident Protection (CIP)
Plans need to have your name on them and need to include at least 2 pages describing:
•The importance of the document
•How it pertains to your residency company
•How your role in the company can help the plan be successful
Note:ASAP FORMAT
references and citations required
.
Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Stud.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Study
Read:
Stevens, K., (2013)
The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas
.
OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing
,
18
,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
Critically evaluate either Study 3 or Study 4. Evaluate the credibility of professional citation, research design, and procedures in a research article. Include a discussion on how this study contributes to evidence-based practice.
Study 3 -
Patients’ and partners’ health-related quality of life before and 4 months after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Study 4 -
Striving for independence: a qualitative study of women living with vertebral fracture
Suggested Reading
Schreiber, M. L. (2016). Evidence-Based Practice.
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
.
MEDSURG Nursing, 25
(6), 425-428.
Stevens, K., (2013)
The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas
.
OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing
,
18
,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
Wakefield, A. (2014). Searching and critiquing the research literature.
Nursing Standard
,
28
(39), 49-57. doi:10.7748/ns.28.39.49.e8867
Chapter 6 (pp. 131-153), Chapter 7 (pp. 157-185), Chapter 8 (pp. 189-226) Chapter 12 (pp.323-350)& Chapter 13 (pp. 351-380) In Houser, J. (2018).
Nursing research: Readings, using & creating evidence
(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Qualitative Specific Resources
Houser, J. (2018).
Nursing research: Readings, using & creating evidence
(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 9, p. 229-252
Chapter 14, p. 385-416
Chapter 15, p. 419-442
Additional Instructions:
All submissions should have a title page and reference page.
Utilize a minimum of two scholarly resources.
Adhere to grammar, spelling and punctuation criteria.
Adhere to APA compliance guidelines.
Adhere to the chosen Submission Option for Delivery of Activity guidelines.
Submission Options:
Choose One:
Instructions:
Paper
4 to 6-page paper. Include title and reference pages.
.
Critical Analysis of Phillips argument in her essay Zombie Studies.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Analysis of Phillips' argument in her essay "Zombie Studies Gain Ground on College Campuses"
Compose a fully-developed paragraph to critically analyze Phillips' argument. Use the points you learned in the "Reading with a Critical Eye" text for your analysis. (500 words)
What are the main points Erica Phillips uses to support her argument that zombies are gaining ground on college campuses?
Who are the authorities that she presents to provide credibility to her argument.
Does she present you with facts or opinions? Is her information current?
Does her background give her any authority on the subject?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of her argument?
.
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative ResearchAs you cri.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative Research
As you critically appraise studies, follow the steps of the critical appraisal process presented in Box 18-1. These steps occur in sequence, vary in depth, and presume accomplishment of the preceding steps. However, an individual with critical appraisal experience frequently performs multiple steps of this process simultaneously. This section includes the three steps of the research critical appraisal process applied to quantitative studies and provides relevant questions for each step. These questions are not comprehensive but have been selected as a means for stimulating the logical reasoning and analysis necessary for conducting a study review. Persons experienced in the critical appraisal process formulate additional questions as part of their reasoning processes. We cover the identification of the steps or elements of the research process separately because persons who are new to critical appraisal often only conduct this step. The questions for determining the study strengths and weaknesses are covered together because this process occurs simultaneously in the mind of the person conducting the critical appraisal. Evaluation is covered separately because of the increased expertise needed to perform this final step.
Step I: Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process in Studies
Initial attempts to comprehend research articles are often frustrating because the terminology and stylized manner of the report are unfamiliar. Identification of the steps of the research process in a quantitative study is the first step in critical appraisal. It involves understanding the terms and concepts in the report; identifying study elements; and grasping the nature, significance, and meaning of the study elements. The following guidelines are presented to direct
you in the initial critical appraisal of a quantitative study.
Guidelines for Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process
The first step involves reviewing the study title and abstract and reading the study from beginning to end (review the key principles in Box 18-2). As you read, address the following questions about the research report: Was the writing style of the report clear and concise? Were the different parts of the research report plainly identified (APA, 2010)? Were relevant terms defined?
You might underline the terms you do not understand and determine their meaning from the glossary at the end of this textbook. Read the article a second time and highlight or underline each step of the quantitative research process. An overview of these steps is presented in Chapter 3. To write a critical appraisal identifying the study steps, you need to identify each step concisely and respond briefly to the following guidelines and questions:
I. Introduction
A. Describe the qualifications of the authors to conduct the study, such as research expertise, clinical experience, and educational preparation. Doctoral .
Criteria
Excellent
Superior
Good
Work needed
Failing
Introduction
20 points
Engages reader's attenion. Strong, assertive stance. Gives title of story and author. Key points are presented in thesis. Has individual and creative slant
18 points
Clear thesis with key points. Gives title and author. Takes a stance on analysis of story.
16 points
Thesis general but analytical. Reader is aware from first paragraph of the author's perspective of the story.
14 points
Thesis too broad or not clear as analysis.
0 points
Needs thesis which will analyze story. Reader not clear about what to expect.
Body
20 points
Key points developed with details and examples from text. Refers to thesis concepts. Reflects authorial stance
18 points
Gives details and examples from text to analyze thesis concept.
16 points
Uses some examples from the story without much plot summary. Focuses on thesis concept.
14 points
Plot summary. Does not tie into thesis concept.
0 points
Plot summary or biography of author. Thesis not developed with details or key points.
Conclusion
15 points
Summarizes key points made in essay. Restates thesis concept in different words. Provides a sense of closure and unification.
13 points
Summarizes points made. Restates thesis concept.
11 points
Summarizes points made in body of essay. Unifies the essay without new topics introduced.
9 points
Ends abruptly. Introduces new topic into conclusion. Does not reflect information in introduction, thesis, and body.
0 points
Lacks summary of points or sense of unity in essay.
Academic tone
10 points
Semi-formal, academic tone with clear sentence structure and phrasing. Third person used throughout. No cliches, slang, or colloquialisms used.
8 points
Semi-formal, academic tone with clear sentence structure and phrasing. Third person used throughout.
6 points
Clear tone but may contain usage of first person, or occasional informal usage.
4 points
Too informal, usage of first person, and language usage does not reflect the academic reader.
0 points
Does not reflect the tone of academic writing.
Citations
25 points
Uses in-text citations accurately after examples from text. Provides Work Cited list with accurate citation(s).
22 points
Accurate in-text and Works Cited citation(s).
19 points
In-text and end citations may have errors, but show patterns given in our textbook.
17 points
Inadequate information to allow reader to find sources. Usage of URL as main citation. In-text citations missing or not accurate.
0 points
Missing or invalid.
Mechanics
10 points
Free of errors in punctuation, spelling, grammar, and sentence structure
8 points
Few errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar. Complete sentences with conventional phrasing.
7 points
Errors are too frequent, but few sentence construction problems--fragments, run on sentences or comma splices.
6 points
Too many errors. Problems with sentence constructions: fragments, fused senten.
Critical analysis of primary literature - PracticePurposeThis.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical analysis of primary literature - Practice
Purpose:
This purpose of this assignment is to critically analyze each section of one research paper, in order to gain experience dissecting, summarizing, and evaluating primary literature.
Skills:
As a result of completing this assignment, you will gain skills required to analyze and evaluate information from any source, and to apply the process of science to analyze and evaluate primary sources, including:
· Identifying and rewording hypotheses and predictions
· Evaluating experimental methods within the context of the hypotheses and predictions
· Analyzing statistical tests and describing their meaning
· Analyzing, interpreting, and summarizing Results and Interpretations, including the meaning and descriptive value of figures and tables
Tasks and Rubric:
· Select and read one of the provided papers that reports on original experimental research.
· Consider watching the Intro To Stats video lecture for help understanding the methods.
· Begin a Collaboration with me through our Canvas site (so that I may access and comment on it at any time), and complete the following analyses of the journal article:
Commentary Part 1
Focus on the Abstract and Introduction of the publication:
1. Explain in your own words why the researchers conducted this study; what is the value in studying their system? What background information is included to inform you of the relevance, importance or potential implications of the study?
2. Restate the researcher’s hypothesis and their predictions in your own words; Identify where they stated their hypothesis and predictions, and whether it was stated explicitly or implied. Did the researchers choose appropriate experiments or observations to test their hypothesis? Explain why you think so.
Commentary Part 2
Focus on the Materials and Methods:
1. In your own words, summarize the experimental methods (if there are multiple, summarize what you believe is the most important experiment).
2. Explainthe statistical method or test used to analyze their most important results: on what dataset is the statistical test applied? What is the test statistic measuring? What are the confidence limits, p-value, or R2 value, etc. and the significance level associated with the test statistic?
Commentary Part 3
Focus on the Results and Discussion:
1. Evaluate two figures or tables that visually explain the most important result: Explain what each one attempts to show. Explainhow the figures and tables do or do not help clarify the written results.
2. Evaluate the Results & Discussion: Do they match the predictions and therefore support the hypothesis, or do the results falsify the hypothesis...or do they suggest a way in which the hypothesis (or predictions) should be modified? Explain.
Additional criteria and tips. To receive 15 points, you must:
· Use no smaller than 11 point font, 0.75 inch borders.
· Use correct grammar and punctuation and adhere to Standard English sentence st.
Critical analysis of one relevant curriculum approach or model..docxwillcoxjanay
Critical analysis of one relevant curriculum approach or model.
Recommended Reading
Arce, E., & Ferguson, S. (2013). Curriculum for young children: An introduction (2n ed.). Wadsworth, CA: Cengage Learning.
Brady, L & Kennedy, K (2013). Curriculum construction (5th ed.). Australia: Pearson.
Cohen, L., & Waite-Stupiansky, S. (2013). Learning across the early childhood curriculum, UK: Emerald.
Curtis, C. (2011). Reflecting children's lives: a handbook for planning your child-centered curriculum (2nd ed.), St Paul, Minnesota: Redleaf Press.
Elias, C., & Jenkins, L. (2011). A practical guide to early childhood curriculum, 9th edn, NJ: Pearson Education.
Eliason, C., & Jenkins, L. (2012). A Practical Guide to Early Childhood Curriculum, 9th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education
File N., Mueller, J., & Wisneski, D. (2012). Curriculum in early childhood education: re-examined, rediscovered, renewed New York: Routledge.
Fleer, M. (2013). Play in the early years, UK: Cambridge University.
Gronlund, G. (2010). Developmentally appropriate play: guiding young children to a higher level. St Paul, MN: Redleaf
Hunter, L., & Sonter, L. (2012). Progressing play: practicalities, intentions and possibilities in emerging co-constructed curriculum. Warner, QLD, Australia: Consultants at play.
Ingles, S. (2015). Developing critical skills: Interactive exercises for pre-service teachers. Kendall Hunt.
Irving, E., & Carter, C. (2018 in Press). The Child in Focus: Learning and Teaching in Early Childhood Education, Melbourne: Oxford University Press (particularly Chapter 4: Play and Play-based learning and Chapter 5: Curriculum and Pedagogy)
Kostelnik, M. J., Soderman, A. K., & Whiren, A. P. (2011). Developmentally appropriate curriculum: Best practices in early childhood education. Boston, MA: Pearson Education
Page, J.,& Taylor, C. (Eds). (2016). Learning & Teaching in the Early Years. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR). (2009).
Belonging, being and becoming: The early years learning framework for Australia
. Australian Capital Territory, Australia: Commonwealth of Australia.
Pugh, G., & Duffy, B. (2014). Contemporary issues in the early years (6th ed.), Sage Publications, London.
Van Hoorn, J., Nourat, P.M., Scales, B., & Alward, K.R. (2015). Play at the center of curriculum (6th ed.). New Jersey, U.S.: Prentice Hall.
Wood, E. (2013). Play, learning and the early childhood curriculum (3rd ed.). London, England: Sage.
.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
CriteriaLevels of AchievementContent 70Advanced 90-100.docx
1. Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Thread: Content
32 to 35 points
The initial thread exceeds content requirements:
· Original thread fully addresses all aspects of the prompt;
detailed & descriptive
· Major points are supported through textbook citations and /or
outside primary resource. (Scripture where appropriate.)
· Thread clearly organized & easy to read; ideas are clear; flow
smoothly
Required word count (at least 350 words) is met.
25 to 31 points
The initial thread meets the content requirements:
· Original thread fully addresses all aspects of the prompt;
detailed & descriptive
· Major points are supported through textbook citations and /or
outside primary resource. (Scripture where appropriate.)
· Thread clearly organized & easy to read; ideas are clear; flow
smoothly
Required word count (at least 350 words) is met.
1 to 24 points
The initial thread meets some of the content requirements:
· Original thread fully addresses all aspects of the prompt;
2. detailed & descriptive
· Major points are supported through textbook citations and /or
outside primary resource. (Scripture where appropriate.)
· Thread clearly organized & easy to read; ideas are clear; flow
smoothly
Required word count (at least 350 words) is met.
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Thread: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting
(30%)
14 to 15 points
The initial post exceeds requirements:
Thread is free of grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation error.
Citation of references in current APA format.
11 to 13 points
The initial thread meets requirements:
Thread is free of grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation error.
Citation of references in current APA format.
1 to 10 points
The initial thread meets some of the structure requirements:
Thread is free of grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation error.
Citation of references in current APA format.
0 points
Not present
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
3. Not present
Reply 1: Content
7 points
First reply exceeds content requirements:
Required word count (250 words or more each) for 2 replies is
met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA
primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow
smoothly
5 to 6 points
First reply meets content requirements:
Required word count (120 words or more each) for 2 replies is
met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA
primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow
smoothly
1 to 4 points
First reply meets some of the content requirements:
Required word count (250 words or more each) for 2 replies is
met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA
primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow
smoothly
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
4. Developing 1-69%
Not present
Reply 1: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting
(30%)
3 points
First reply exceeds structure requirements:
Free of grammar, spelling and/or punctuation errors.
Citation of references in current APA format.
2 points
First reply meets the requirements:
Free of grammar, spelling and/or punctuation errors.
Citation of references in current APA format.
1 point
First reply meets some of the structure requirements:
Free of grammar, spelling and/or punctuation errors.
Citation of references in current APA format.
0 points
Not present
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Content
70%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Reply 2: Content
7 points
Second reply exceeds content requirements:
Required word count (250 words or more each) for 2 replies is
met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA
primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow
smoothly
5. 5 to 6 points
Second reply meets the content requirements:
Required word count (250 words or more each) for 2 replies is
met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA
primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow
smoothly
1 to 4 points
Second reply meets some of the content requirements:
Required word count (250 words or more each) for 2 replies is
met.
Reply posts are built upon parent posts and provide APA
primary supportive citations
Replies are clearly organized & easy to read; ideas flow
smoothly
0 points
Not present
Structure 30%
Advanced 90-100%
Proficient 70-89%
Developing 1-69%
Not present
Reply 2: Grammar and Spelling, APA formatting
(30%)
3 points
Second reply exceeds structure requirements:
Free of grammar, spelling and/or punctuation errors.
Citation of references in current APA format.
2 points
Second reply meets the requirements:
Free of grammar, spelling and/or punctuation errors.
Citation of references in current APA format.
1 point
Second reply meets some of the structure requirements:
Free of grammar, spelling and/or punctuation errors.
6. Citation of references in current APA format.
0 points
Not present
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
1
This text was adapted by The Saylor Foundation under a
Creative
Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License
without
attribution as requested by the work’s original creator or
licensee.
7. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
2
Preface
Competing books are focused on the academic part of HRM,
which is necessary in a university or college
setting. However, the goal with this book is not only to provide
the necessary academic background
information but also to present the material with a practitioner’s
focus on both large and small
businesses. While the writing style is clear and focused, we
don’t feel jargon and ten-dollar words are
necessary to making a good textbook. Clear and concise
language makes the book interesting and
understandable (not to mention more fun to read) to the future
HRM professional and manager alike.
It is highly likely that anyone in business will have to take on
8. an HRM role at some point in their careers.
For example, should you decide to start your own business,
many of the topics discussed will apply to your
business. This is the goal of this book; it is useful enough for
the HRM professional, but the information
presented is also applicable to managers, supervisors, and
entrepreneurs. Besides these differences, other
key differences include the following:
k utilizes a technology focus and shows how HRM
activities can be leveraged using technology.
information about motivational theories. Since
communication is a key component of HRM, it makes sense to
include it as a full chapter in this book.
Human motivation is one of the cornerstones of HR, which is
why we include information on this as well.
some chapters to provide the entire picture of
related topics at once. For example, in Chapter 6 "Compensation
and Benefits", we discuss both pay and
benefits, instead of separating them into two chapters.
teamwork to help the points come through.
9. companies apply these concepts. However,
we still focus on small- and medium-sized businesses.
to be able to read the book and apply the
concepts. We feel this approach makes the material much more
useful, instead of only academic.
e This? situations in the book utilize
critical-thinking skills to think about ethical
situations in HRM. Each situation also includes audio examples
on how an HRM professional or manager
could handle the situation.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
3
These features and pedagogical components make the book easy
to read and understand while still
maintaining an academic focus.
Organization
10. The organization of the book is intuitive. The book follows the
process HR professionals or managers will
go through as they ensure they have the right employees at the
right time to make sure the company is
productive and profitable.
Role of Human Resources", we discuss the
role of human resources in business and
why, in a constantly changing world, the HRM function is key
to a successful business.
Plans", we discuss HR strategic plans and
how those plans should be developed. Strategic planning is
necessary to tie company objectives with HRM
objectives, but it is also important to have a “people plan” and
address the ever-changing work
environment.
versity and Multiculturalism", we discuss the
diversity aspect of business and why
multiculturalism is so important to ensuring a healthy
organization.
getting the most qualified individuals with
diverse backgrounds, is the focus. We discuss some of the
11. important laws to consider when hiring people
and methods to recruit highly qualified individuals.
Once you have recruited people, you must
organize the process that selects the best candidate. This can
include interviewing, employment tests, and
selecting the criteria by which candidate performance will be
measured.
s how
you compensate individuals through pay,
benefits, vacation time, and other incentives.
management approach—that is, how you can
retain the best employees through retention strategies and
motivation techniques.
the most important aspects of HRM. After
you have gone through the time and effort to recruit, select, and
compensate the employee, you will need
to ensure career growth through continuing training, which is
the focus of Chapter 8 "Training and
Development".
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
12. http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
4
cation is a key component to any and all
aspects of HRM, we have a detailed discussion on
communication and management style. While some of the
information may be covered in other classes on
topics in which people (such as HRM) are the focus, a review
on communication is important. In Chapter
9 "Successful Employee Communication", we also discuss
management styles, since this is an important
form of communication, and in fact, many people leave
organizations because of their managers.
"Managing Employee Performance" discusses
some of the possible performance issues and
how to handle those performance issues. We also discuss
employee discipline and how to handle layoffs.
performance of the employee. We address
performance evaluation systems and methods.
Chapter 12 "Working with Labor Unions".
The unionization process, how to negotiate union contracts, and
13. history of labor unions are discussed.
workplace. Chapter 13 "Safety and Health at
Work" addresses some of the health and safety issues, such as
drug use, carpal tunnel, and other issues
relating to keeping employees healthy at work.
differences between international HRM and
domestic HRM. We discuss the recruitment, selection, and
retention components of international HRM.
Features
Each chapter contains several staple and innovative features as
follows:
the chapter topics have real-life
applications for HR professionals and managers. The short
openings are straightforward and show the
practical application of the concepts.
learning objectives at the front of the chapter, we
divide the learning objectives by section and offer exercises and
key terms for every section in the book.
14. This is a great way to “self-check” and make sure the key
concepts are learned before moving to the next
section.
created to utilize critical-thinking skills that
are necessary for strategic HRM. The situations are ethics-based
in nature and also include audio that
discusses the situation.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
5
video by the author, discussing the
importance of the chapter to HRM.
makes sense to use the free technology available
to cement many of the concepts. Each chapter has at least two
YouTube videos, with some chapters
including up to five or six.
you will find they are clear and focused but
15. are not a series of endless graphs and charts of statistics that are
interesting but of little value to learning
the key strategic concepts in HRM.
good way to make sure students have learned
the material. The case presents real-world situations and utilizes
HRM knowledge and skills to complete.
The case studies are often tied to not only the current chapter
but also past chapters to ensure continued
application of past concepts.
ities: The team activities will sometimes require
students to work in small groups but may also
involve the entire class. These activities are designed to
promote communication, teamwork, and of
course, the specific HRM concept, which are all valuable skills
in HRM.
PowerPoint slides with notes, author teaching
notes, exercise solutions, extra discussion questions, video to
accompany the case study, and an additional
case study. In addition to these features, additional YouTube
videos are included to share with your class
if you wish. A 1,400 question test bank is also included, with
true-or-false, fill-in-the-blank, multiple-
16. choice, and essay questions.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
6
Chapter 1: The Role of Human Resources
Human Resource Management Day to Day
You have just been hired to work in the human resource
department of a small company. You heard about
the job through a conference you attended, put on by the
Society for Human Resource Management
(SHRM). Previously, the owner of the company, Jennifer, had
been doing everything related to human
resource management (HRM). You can tell she is a bit critical
about paying a good salary for something
she was able to juggle all on her own. On your first day, you
meet the ten employees and spend several
hours with the company owner, hoping to get a handle on which
human resource processes are already set
up.
Shortly after the meeting begins, you see she has a completely
17. different perspective of what HRM is, and
you realize it will be your job to educate her on the value of a
human resource manager. You look at it as a
personal challenge—both to educate her and also to show her
the value of this role in the organization.
First, you tell her that HRM is a strategic process having to do
with the staffing, compensation, retention,
training, and employment law and policies side of the business.
In other words, your job as human
resources (HR) manager will be not only to write policy and
procedures and to hire people (the
administrative role) but also to use strategic plans to ensure the
right people are hired and trained for the
right job at the right time. For example, you ask her if she
knows what the revenue will be in six months,
and Jennifer answers, “Of course. We expect it to increase by
20 percent.” You ask, “Have you thought
about how many people you will need due to this increase?”
Jennifer looks a bit sheepish and says, “No, I
guess I haven’t gotten that far.” Then you ask her about the
training programs the company offers, the
software used to allow employees to access pay information
online, and the compensation policies. She
responds, “It looks like we have some work to do. I didn’t know
18. that human resources involved all of that.”
You smile at her and start discussing some of the specifics of
the business, so you can get started right
away writing the strategic human resource management plan.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
7
What Is Human Resources?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the role of HRM in organizations.
2. Define and discuss some of the major HRM activities.
Every organization, large or small, uses a variety of capital to
make the business work. Capital includes
cash, valuables, or goods used to generate income for a
business. For example, a retail store uses registers
and inventory, while a consulting firm may have proprietary
software or buildings. No matter the
industry, all companies have one thing in common: they must
have people to make their capital work for
them. This will be our focus throughout the text: generation of
19. revenue through the use of people’s skills
and abilities.
What Is HRM?
Human resource management (HRM) is the process of
employing people, training them, compensating
them, developing policies relating to them, and developing
strategies to retain them. As a field, HRM has
undergone many changes over the last twenty years, giving it an
even more important role in today’s
organizations. In the past, HRM meant processing payroll,
sending birthday gifts to employees, arranging
company outings, and making sure forms were filled out
correctly—in other words, more of an
administrative role rather than a strategic role crucial to the
success of the organization. Jack Welch,
former CEO of General Electric and management guru, sums up
the new role of HRM: “Get out of the
parties and birthdays and enrollment forms.… Remember, HR is
important in good times, HR is defined
in hard times.”
[1]
It’s necessary to point out here, at the very beginning of this
text, that every manager has some role
20. relating to human resource management. Just because we do not
have the title of HR manager doesn’t
mean we won’t perform all or at least some of the HRM tasks.
For example, most managers deal with
compensation, motivation, and retention of employees—making
these aspects not only part of HRM but
also part of management. As a result, this book is equally
important to someone who wants to be an HR
manager and to someone who will manage a business.
Human Resource Recall
Have you ever had to work with a human resource department at
your job? What was the interaction like?
What was the department’s role in that specific organization?
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
8
The Role of HRM
Keep in mind that many functions of HRM are also tasks other
department managers perform, which is
what makes this information important, despite the career path
taken. Most experts agree on seven main
21. roles that HRM plays in organizations. These are described in
the following sections.
Staffing
You need people to perform tasks and get work done in the
organization. Even with the most
sophisticated machines, humans are still needed. Because of
this, one of the major tasks in HRM is
staffing. Staffing involves the entire hiring process from
posting a job to negotiating a salary package.
Within the staffing function, there are four main steps:
1. Development of a staffing plan. This plan allows HRM to see
how many people they should hire
based on revenue expectations.
2. Development of policies to encourage multiculturalism at
work.Multiculturalism in the
workplace is becoming more and more important, as we have
many more people from a variety of
backgrounds in the workforce.
3. Recruitment. This involves finding people to fill the open
positions.
4. Selection. In this stage, people will be interviewed and
selected, and a proper compensation package will
22. be negotiated. This step is followed by training, retention, and
motivation.
Development of Workplace Policies
Every organization has policies to ensure fairness and
continuity within the organization. One of the jobs
of HRM is to develop the verbiage surrounding these policies.
In the development of policies, HRM,
management, and executives are involved in the process. For
example, the HRM professional will likely
recognize the need for a policy or a change of policy, seek
opinions on the policy, write the policy, and
then communicate that policy to employees. It is key to note
here that HR departments do not and cannot
work alone. Everything they do needs to involve all other
departments in the organization. Some
examples of workplace policies might be the following:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
23. Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
9
These topics are addressed further in Chapter 6 "Compensation
and Benefits", Chapter 7 "Retention and
Motivation", Chapter 8 "Training and Development", and
Chapter 9 "Successful Employee
Communication".
Compensation and Benefits Administration
HRM professionals need to determine that compensation is fair,
meets industry standards, and is high
enough to entice people to work for the
organization.Compensation includes anything the employee
receives for his or her work. In addition, HRM professionals
need to make sure the pay is comparable to
what other people performing similar jobs are being paid. This
involves setting up pay systems that take
into consideration the number of years with the organization,
years of experience, education, and similar
aspects. Examples of employee compensation include the
following:
24. onuses
Since this is not an exhaustive list, compensation is discussed
further in Chapter 6 "Compensation and
Benefits".
Retention
Human resource people must be aware of all the laws that affect
the workplace. An HRM professional
might work with some of thHRM Retention involves keeping
and motivating employees to stay with the
organization. Compensation is a major factor in employee
retention, but there are other factors as well.
Ninety percent of employees leave a company for the following
reasons:
1. The job they are performing
2. Challenges with their manager
3. Poor fit with organizational culture
25. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
10
4. Poor workplace environment
Despite this, 90 percent of managers think employees leave as a
result of pay. [2] As a result, managers
often try to change their compensation packages to keep people
from leaving, when compensation isn’t
the reason they are leaving at all. Chapter 7 "Retention and
Motivation" and Chapter 11 "Employee
Assessment" discuss some strategies to retain the best
employees based on these four factors.
Training and Development
Once we have spent the time to hire new employees, we want to
make sure they not only are trained to do
the job but also continue to grow and develop new skills in their
job. This results in higher productivity for
the organization. Training is also a key component in employee
motivation. Employees who feel they are
developing their skills tend to be happier in their jobs, which
results in increased employee retention.
Examples of training programs might include the following:
26. run a particular computer
program
-building activities
and ethics training
We address each of these types of training and more in detail in
Chapter 8 "Training and Development".
Dealing with Laws Affecting Employment
Human resource people must be aware of all the laws that affect
the workplace. An HRM professional
might work with some of these laws:
-care requirements
The legal environment of HRM is always changing, so HRM
must always be aware of changes taking place
and then communicate those changes to the entire management
organization. Rather than presenting a
27. chapter focused on HRM laws, we will address these laws in
each relevant chapter.
Worker Protection
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
11
Safety is a major consideration in all organizations. Oftentimes
new laws are created with the goal of
setting federal or state standards to ensure worker safety.
Unions and union contracts can also impact the
requirements for worker safety in a workplace. It is up to the
human resource manager to be aware of
worker protection requirements and ensure the workplace is
meeting both federal and union standards.
Worker protection issues might include the following:
We take a closer look at these issues in Chapter 12 "Working
28. with Labor Unions" andChapter 13 "Safety
and Health at Work".
Communication
Besides these major roles, good communication skills and
excellent management skills are key to
successful human resource management as well as general
management. We discuss these issues
in Chapter 9 "Successful Employee Communication".
Awareness of External Factors
In addition to managing internal factors, the HR manager needs
to consider the outside forces at play that
may affect the organization. Outside forces, orexternal factors,
are those things the company has no direct
control over; however, they may be things that could positively
or negatively impact human resources.
External factors might include the following:
1. Globalization and offshoring
2. Changes to employment law
3. Health-care costs
4. Employee expectations
5. Diversity of the workforce
29. 6. Changing demographics of the workforce
7. A more highly educated workforce
8. Layoffs and downsizing
9. Technology used, such as HR databases
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
12
10. Increased use of social networking to distribute information
to employees
For example, the recent trend in flexible work schedules
(allowing employees to set their own schedules)
and telecommuting (allowing employees to work from home or a
remote location for a specified period of
time, such as one day per week) are external factors that have
affected HR. HRM has to be aware of these
outside issues, so they can develop policies that meet not only
the needs of the company but also the
needs of the individuals. Another example is the Patient
Protection and Affordable Care Act, signed into
law in 2010. Compliance with this bill has huge implications for
HR. For example, a company with more
30. than fifty employees must provide health-care coverage or pay a
penalty. Currently, it is estimated that 60
percent of employers offer health-care insurance to their
employees. [3] Because health-care insurance will
be mandatory, cost concerns as well as using health benefits as
a recruitment strategy are big external
challenges. Any manager operating without considering outside
forces will likely alienate employees,
resulting in unmotivated, unhappy workers. Not understanding
the external factors can also mean
breaking the law, which has a concerning set of implications as
well.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
13
An understanding of key external factors is important to the
successful HR professional. This allows him or her to
be able to make strategic decisions based on changes in the
external environment. To develop this undersnding,
reading various publications is necessary.
31. Figure 1.2
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
14
One way managers can be aware of the outside forces is to
attend conferences and read various articles on
the web. For example, the website of the Society for Human
Resource Management, SHRM Online,
[4]
not
only has job postings in the field but discusses many
contemporary human resource issues that may help
the manager make better decisions when it comes to people
management. In Section 1.3 "Today’s HRM
Challenges", we go into more depth about some recent external
issues that are affecting human resource
management roles. In Section 1.1.2 "The Role of HRM", we
discuss some of the skills needed to be
successful in HRM.
Most professionals agree that there are seven main tasks HRM
professionals perform. All these need to be
32. considered in relation to external and outside forces.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Figure 1.3
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
15
revenue. Human resources or the people
working in the organization are the most important resource.
people, training them, compensating them,
developing policies relating to the workplace, and developing
strategies to retain employees.
re seven main responsibilities of HRM managers:
staffing, setting policies,compensation and
benefits, retention, training, employment laws, and worker
protection. In this book, each of these major
areas will be included in a chapter or two.
33. tion to being concerned with the seven internal
aspects, HRM managers must keep up to date with
changes in the external environment that may impact their
employees. The trends toward flexible
schedules and telecommuting are examples of external aspects.
affect human resources, it is important for the HR
manager to read the HR literature, attend conferences, and
utilize other ways to stay up to date with new
laws, trends, and policies.
EXERCISES
1. State arguments for and against the following statement:
there are other things more valuable in an
organization besides the people who work there.
2. Of the seven tasks an HR manager does, which do you think
is the most challenging? Why?
[1] Kristen B. Frasch, David Shadovitz, and Jared Shelly,
“There’s No Whining in HR,” Human Resource Executive
Online, June 30, 2009, accessed September 24,
2010,http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=2277381
67.
34. [2] Leigh Rivenbark, “The 7 Hidden Reasons Why Employees
Leave,” HR Magazine, May 2005, accessed October
10,
2010,http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3495/is_5_50/ai_n1
3721406.
[3] Peter Cappelli, “HR Implications of Healthcare Reform,”
Human Resource Executive Online,March 29, 2010,
accessed August 18, 2011,
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=379096509.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=227738167
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3495/is_5_50/ai_n137214
06
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=379096509
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
16
[4] Society for Human Resource Management, accessed August
18,
2011,http://www.shrm.org/Pages/default.aspx.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://www.shrm.org/Pages/default.aspx
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
35. 17
1.2 Skills Needed for HRM
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the professional and personal skills needed to be
successful in HRM.
2. Be able to define human resource management and the
certifications that can be achieved in
this profession.
One of the major factors of a successful manager or human
resource (HR) manager is an array of skills to
deal with a variety of situations. It simply isn’t enough to have
knowledge of HR, such as knowing which
forms need to be filled out. It takes multiple skills to create and
manage people, as well as a cutting-edge
human resource department.
The first skill needed is organization. The need for this skill
makes sense, given that you are managing
people’s pay, benefits, and careers. Having organized files on
your computer and good time-management
skills are crucial for success in any job, but especially if you
take on a role in human resources.
Like most jobs, being able to multitask—that is, work on more
than one task at a time—is important in
36. managing human resources. A typical person managing human
resources may have to deal with an
employee issue one minute, then switch and deal with
recruiting. Unlike many management positions,
which only focus on one task or one part of the business, human
resources focuses on all areas of the
business, where multitasking is a must.
As trite as it may sound, people skills are necessary in any type
of management and perhaps might be the
most important skills for achieving success at any job. Being
able to manage a variety of personalities, deal
with conflict, and coach others are all in the realm of people
management. The ability to communicate
goes along with people skills. The ability to communicate good
news (hiring a new employee), bad news
(layoffs), and everything in between, such as changes to policy,
makes for an excellent manager and
human resource management (HRM) professional.
Keys to a successful career in HRM or management include
understanding specific job areas, such as
managing the employee database, understanding employment
laws, and knowing how to write and
develop a strategic plan that aligns with the business. All these
37. skills will be discussed in this book.
A strategic mind-set as an HR professional is a key skill as
well. A person with a strategic mind-set can
plan far in advance and look at trends that could affect the
environment in which the business is
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
18
operating. Too often, managers focus on their own area and not
enough on the business as a whole. The
strategic HR professional is able to not only work within his or
her area but also understand how HR fits
into the bigger picture of the business.
Ethics and a sense of fairness are also necessary in human
resources. Ethics is a concept that examines the
moral rights and wrongs of a certain situation. Consider the fact
that many HR managers negotiate salary
and union contracts and manage conflict. In addition, HR
managers have the task of ensuring compliance
with ethics standards within the organization. Many HR
managers are required to work with highly
confidential information, such as salary information, so a sense
38. of ethics when managing this information
is essential. We discuss ethics from the organizational
perspective in Section 1.1.2 "The Role of HRM".
HUMAN RESOURCE RECALL
Think of your current skills. Are there personal or professional
skills you would like to work on?
Finally, while we can list a few skills that are important,
understanding the particular business, knowing
the business strategy, and being able to think critically about
how HR can align itself with the strategy are
ways to ensure HR departments are critical parts of the
business. HR is a specialized area, much like
accounting or finance. However, many individuals are placed in
HR roles without having the specific
knowledge to do the job. Oftentimes people with excellent skills
are promoted to management and then
expected (if the company is small) to perform recruiting, hiring,
and compensation tasks. This is the
reason we will refer to management and HR management
interchangeably throughout the chapters. In
addition, these skills are important for HRM professionals and
managers alike.
39. Having said that, for those of you wanting a career in HRM,
there are three exams you can take to show
your mastery of HRM material:
1. Professional in Human Resources (PHR). To take this exam,
an HR professional must have at least two
years’ experience. The exam is four hours long and consists of
225 multiple-choice questions in a variety
of areas. Twelve percent of the test focuses on strategic
management, 26 percent on workforce planning,
17 percent on human resource development, 16 percent on
rewards, 22 percent on employee and labor
relations, and 7 percent on risk management. The application
process for taking the exam is given on the
Human Resource Certification Institute website at
http://www.hrci.org.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://www.hrci.org/
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
19
2. Senior Professional in Human Resources (SPHR). This exam
is designed for HR professionals who focus
on designing and planning, rather than actual implementation. It
is recommended that the person taking
40. this exam has six to eight years of experience and oversees and
manages an HR department. In this test,
the greater focus is on the strategic aspect of HRM.
3. Global Professional in Human Resources (GPHR). This exam
is for HR professionals who perform many
of their tasks on a global level and whose companies often work
across borders. This exam is three hours
long, with 165 multiple-choice questions. A person with two
years of professional experience can take the
certification test. However, because the test has the
international aspect, someone who designs HR-
related programs and processes to achieve business goals would
be best suited to earn this certification.
The benefits of achieving certifications are great. In addition to
demonstrating the abilities of the HR
professional, certification allows the professional to be more
marketable in a very competitive field.
Most companies need a human resource department or a
manager with HR skills. The industries and job
titles are so varied that it is possible only to list general job
titles in human resources:
1. Recruiter
2. Compensation analyst
41. 3. Human resources assistant
4. Employee relations manager
5. Benefits manager
6. Work-life coordinator
7. Training and development manager
8. Human resources manager
9. Vice president for human resources
This is not an exhaustive list, but it can be a starting point for
research on this career path.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
management. First, being able to organize
and multitask is necessary. In this job, files must be managed,
and an HR manager is constantly
working in different areas of the business.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
20
42. ability to present good and bad news,
work with a variety of personalities, and coach employees is
important in HRM.
employment law, writing and developing
strategic plans, and general critical-thinking skills are important
in any type of management, but
especially in human resource management.
HR manager. Because HR works with
a variety of departments to manage conflict and negotiate union
contracts and salary, the HR
professional needs ethics skills and the ability to maintain
confidentiality.
is to align the HR strategic plan with
the business strategic plan, critical and creative thinking, as
well as writing, are skills that will
benefit the HR manager as well.
we will use the termHR
manager throughout this book. However, many other types of
managers also perform the tasks
43. of recruiting, selecting, and compensating, making this book
and the skills listed in this section
applicable to all majors.
marketable in the field of HRM. These
certifications are offered by the HR Certification Institute
(HRCI).
EXERCISE
1. What are your perceptions of what an HR manager does on a
day-to-day basis? Research this job
title and describe your findings. Is this the type of job you
expected?
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
21
1.3 Today’s HRM Challenges
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
1. Identify and explain some of the challenges associated with
HRM.
44. All departments within an organization must prove their value
and contributions to the overall business
strategy, and the same is true with HRM. As companies are
becoming more concerned with cutting costs,
HRM departments must show the value they add to the
organization through alignment with business
objectives. Being able to add value starts with understanding
some of the challenges of businesses and
finding ways to reduce a negative impact on the business. This
section will discuss some of the HRM
challenges, and the rest of this text will dive into greater detail
about how to manage these challenges.
Containing Costs
If you were to ask most business owners what their biggest
challenges are, they will likely tell you that cost
management is a major factor to the success or failure of their
business. In most businesses today, the
people part of the business is the most likely place for cuts
when the economy isn’t doing well.
Consider the expenses that involve the people part of any
business:
1. Health-care benefits
2. Training costs
45. 3. Hiring process costs
4. And many more…
These costs cut into the bottom line of any business. The trick
is to figure out how much, how many, or
how often benefits should be offered, without sacrificing
employee motivation. A company can cut costs
by not offering benefits or 401(k) plans, but if its goal is to hire
the best people, a hiring package without
these items will most certainly not get the best people.
Containment of costs, therefore, is a balancing act.
An HR manager must offer as much as he or she can to attract
and retain employees, but not offer too
much, as this can put pressure on the company’s bottom line.
We will discuss ways to alleviate this
concern throughout this book.
For example, there are three ways to cut costs associated with
health care:
1. Shift more of the cost of health care to employees
2. Reduce the benefits offered to cut costs
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
46. Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
22
3. Change or better negotiate the plan to reduce health-care
costs
Health care costs companies approximately $4,003 per year for
a single employee and $9,764 for families.
This equals roughly 83 percent and 73 percent of total health-
care costs for single employees and
employees with families,
[1]
respectively. One possible strategy for containment for health-
care plans is to
implement a cafeteria plan.Cafeteria plans started becoming
popular in the 1980s and have become
standard in many organizations.
[2]
This type of plan gives all employees a minimum level of
benefits and a
set amount to spend on flexible benefits, such as additional
health care or vacation time. It creates more
flexible benefits, allowing the employee, based on his or her
family situation, to choose which benefits are
right for them. For example, a mother of two may choose to
spend her flexible benefits on health care for
47. her children, while a single, childless female may opt for more
vacation days. In other words, these plans
offer flexibility, while saving money, too. Cost containment
strategies around benefits will be discussed
in Chapter 6 "Compensation and Benefits".
Another way to contain costs is by offering training. While this
may seem counterintuitive, as training
does cost money up front, it can actually save money in the long
run. Consider how expensive a sexual
harassment lawsuit or wrongful termination lawsuit might be.
For example, a Sonic Drive-In was
investigated by the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission
(EEOC) on behalf of seventy women
who worked there, and it was found that a manager at one of the
stores subjected the victims to
inappropriate touching and comments. This lawsuit cost the
organization $2 million.
[3]
Some simple
training up front (costing less than the lawsuit) likely would
have prevented this from happening.
Training employees and management on how to work within the
law, thereby reducing legal exposure, is a
great way for HR to cut costs for the organization as a whole. In
48. Chapter 8 "Training and Development",
we will further discuss how to organize, set up, and measure the
success of a training program.
The hiring process and the cost of turnover in an organization
can be very expensive. Turnover refers to
the number of employees who leave a company in a particular
period of time. By creating a recruiting and
selection process with cost containment in mind, HR can
contribute directly to cost-containment
strategies company wide. In fact, the cost of hiring an employee
or replacing an old one (turnover) can be
as high as $9,777 for a position that pays $60,000.
[4]
By hiring smart the first time, HR managers can
contain costs for their organization. This will be discussed in
Chapter 4 "Recruitment"and Chapter 5
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
23
"Selection". Reducing turnover includes employee motivational
strategies. This will be addressed
in Chapter 7 "Retention and Motivation".
49. In a survey reported on by the Sales and Marketing Management
newsletter,
[5]
85 percent of managers
say that ineffective communication is the cause of lost revenue.
E-mail, instant messaging, text messages,
and meetings are all examples of communication in business.
An understanding of communication styles,
personality styles, and channels of communication can help us
be more effective in our communications,
resulting in cost containment. In HRM, we can help ensure our
people have the tools to communicate
better, and contain costs and save dollars in doing so. Some of
these tools for better communication will
be addressed in Chapter 9 "Successful Employee
Communication"
One cost-containment strategy for US businesses has been
offshoring. Offshoringrefers to the movement
of jobs overseas to contain costs. It is estimated that 3.3 million
US jobs will be moved overseas by
2015.
[6]
According to the US Census Bureau, most of these jobs are
Information Technology (IT) jobs as
50. well as manufacturing jobs. This issue is unique to HR, as the
responsibility for developing training for
new workers and laying off domestic workers will often fall
under the realm of HRM. Offshoring will be
discussed in Chapter 14 "International HRM", and training for
new workers will be discussed in Chapter 8
"Training and Development".
Of course, cost containment isn’t only up to HRM and
managers, but as organizations look at various
ways to contain costs, human resources can certainly provide
solutions.
Technology
Technology has greatly impacted human resources and will
continue to do so as new technology is
developed. Through use of technology, many companies have
virtual workforces that perform tasks from
nearly all corners of the world. When employees are not located
just down the hall, management of these
human resources creates some unique challenges. For example,
technology creates an even greater need
to have multicultural or diversity understanding. Since many
people will work with individuals from
across the globe, cultural sensitivity and understanding is the
51. only way to ensure the use of technology
results in increased productivity rather than decreased
productivity due to miscommunications. Chapter
3 "Diversity and Multiculturalism" and Chapter 14
"International HRM" will discuss some specific
diversity issues surrounding a global workforce.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
24
Technology also creates a workforce that expects to be mobile.
Because of the ability to work from home
or anywhere else, many employees may request and even
demand a flexible schedule to meet their own
family and personal needs. Productivity can be a concern for all
managers in the area of flextime, and
another challenge is the fairness to other workers when one
person is offered a flexible schedule. Chapter
6 "Compensation and Benefits" and Chapter 7 "Retention and
Motivation" will discuss flextime as a way
to reward employees. Many companies, however, are going a
step further and
creating virtual organizations, which don’t have a physical
52. location (cost containment) and allow all
employees to work from home or the location of their choice.
As you can imagine, this creates concerns
over productivity and communication within the organization.
The use of smartphones and social networking has impacted
human resources, as many companies now
disseminate information to employees via these methods. Of
course, technology changes constantly, so
the methods used today will likely be different one year or even
six months from now.
The large variety of databases available to perform HR tasks is
mind boggling. For example, databases are
used to track employee data, compensation, and training. There
are also databases available to track the
recruiting and hiring processes. We will discuss more about
technology in HR in Chapter 4
"Recruitment" through Chapter 8 "Training and Development".
Of course, the major challenge with technology is its constantly
changing nature, which can impact all
practices in HRM.
HOW WOULD YOU HANDLE THIS?
Too Many Friends
53. You are the HR manager for a small company, consisting of
twenty-three people plus the two owners,
Steve and Corey. Every time you go into Steve’s office, you see
he is on Facebook. Because he is Facebook
friends with several people in the organization, you have also
heard he constantly updates his status
and uploads pictures during work time. Then, at meetings, Steve
will ask employees if they saw the
pictures he recently uploaded from his vacation, weekend, or
backpacking trip. One employee, Sam,
comes to you with a concern about this. “I am just trying to do
my job, but I feel if I don’t look at his
photos, he may not think I am a good employee,” she says. How
would you handle this?
How Would You Handle This?
https://api.wistia.com/v1/medias/1371241/embed
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
https://api.wistia.com/v1/medias/1371241/embed
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
25
The author discusses the How Would You Handle This situation
in this chapter
54. at:https://api.wistia.com/v1/medias/1371241/embed.
Cyberloafing, a term used to describe lost productivity as a
result of an employee using a work computer
for personal reasons, is another concern created by technology.
One study performed by Nucleus
Research found that the average worker uses Facebook for
fifteen minutes per day, which results in an
average loss of 1.5 percent of productivity.
[7]
Some workers, in fact, use Facebook over two hours per day
during working hours. Restricting or blocking access to the
Internet, however, can result in angry
employees and impact motivation at work. Motivational factors
will be discussed in Chapter 7 "Retention
and Motivation".
Technology can create additional stress for workers. Increased
job demands, constant change, constant e-
mailing and texting, and the physical aspects of sitting in front
of a computer can be not only stressful but
also physically harmful to employees. Chapter 13 "Safety and
Health at Work" will deal with some of these
stress issues, as well as safety issues such as carpal tunnel,
which can occur as a result of technology in the
55. workplace. More on health and safety will be covered in
Chapter 10 "Managing Employee Performance".
The Economy
Tough economic times in a country usually results in tough
times for business, too. High unemployment
and layoffs are clearly HRM and managerial issues. If a human
resource manager works for a unionized
company, union contracts are the guiding source when having to
downsize owing to a tough economy. We
will discuss union contracts in greater detail in Chapter 12
"Working with Labor Unions".
Besides union restrictions, legal restrictions on who is let go
and the process followed to let someone go
should be on the forefront of any manager’s mind when he or
she is required to lay off people because of a
poor economy. Dealing with performance issues and measuring
performance can be considerations when
it is necessary to lay off employees. These issues will be
discussed in Chapter 10 "Managing Employee
Performance" and Chapter 11 "Employee Assessment".
Likewise, in a growth economy, the HR manager may
experience a different kind of stress. Massive hiring
to meet demand might occur if the economy is doing well. For
56. example, McDonald’s restaurants had to fill
six hundred positions throughout Las Vegas and held hiring day
events in 2010.
[8]
Imagine the process of
hiring this many people in a short period of time The same
recruiting and selection processes used under
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
https://api.wistia.com/v1/medias/1371241/embed
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
26
normal circumstances will be helpful in mass hiring situations.
Recruiting and selection will be discussed
in Chapter 4 "Recruitment" and Chapter 5 "Selection".
The Changing and Diverse Workforce
Human resources should be aware that the workforce is
constantly changing. For example, in the 2010
census, the national population was 308,745,538, with
99,531,000 in 2010 working full time, down from
2008 when 106,648,000 were working full time.
[9]
57. For full-time workers, the average weekly salary was
higher the more educated the worker. See Figure 1.6 for
details.
The average weekly earnings for workers in the United States
increase with more education.
Source: Data from US Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Usual
Weekly Earnings of Wage and Salary
Workers,” Table 5, Economic News Release, July 20, 2010,
accessed August 19,
2011,
http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2010/ted_20100726_data.htm.
FORTUNE 500 FOCUS
Multigenerational is here to stay, and Xerox is the leader in
recruiting of Generation Y talent. This age
group has been moving into the labor market over the last six
years, and this major demographic change,
along with the retirement of baby boomers, has many companies
thinking. Fortune 500 companies know
they must find out where their new stars are coming from. In
recruiting this new talent, Xerox isn’t
looking to old methods, because they know each generation is
different. For example, Xerox developed the
“Express Yourself” recruiting campaign, which is geared around
58. a core value of this generation, to develop
Figure 1.6
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2010/ted_20100726_data.htm
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
27
solutions and change. Joe Hammill, the director of talent
acquisition, says, “Gen Y is very important.
Xerox and other companies view this emerging workforce as the
future of our organization.”
[10]
Besides
the new recruiting campaign, recruiters are working at what
they term “core colleges”—that is, those that
produce the kind of talent they need. For example, they
developed recruitment campaigns with specific
institutions such as the Rochester Institute of Technology
because of its strong engineering and printing
science programs. On their company website, they have a
specific tab for the recent college graduate,
59. emphasizing core values of this generation, including the ability
to contribute, support, and build skills.
With its understanding of multicultural generations, Xerox has
created a talent pool for years to come.
It is expected that over the next ten years, over 40 percent of
the workforce will retire, and there will not
be enough younger workers to take the jobs once held by the
retiring workforce.
[11]
In fact, the American
Society of Training and Development says that in the next
twenty years, seventy-six million Americans
will retire, and only forty-six million will replace them. As you
can imagine, this will create a unique
staffing obstacle for human resources and managers alike, as
they try to find talented people in a pool that
doesn’t have enough people to perform necessary jobs. The
reason for this increase in retirement is the
aging baby boomers. Baby boomers can be defined as those
born between the years 1946 and 1964,
according to the Census Bureau. They are called the baby
boomers because there was a large increase of
babies born after soldiers came back from World War II. Baby
boomers account for seventy-six million
60. people in the United States in 2011, the same year in which the
first of the baby boomers have started to
retire.
The impact of the baby boomer generation on our country and
on human resource management is huge.
First, the retirement of baby boomers results in a loss of a major
part of the working population, and there
are not enough people to fill those jobs that are left vacant.
Second, the baby boomers’ knowledge is lost
upon their retirement. Much of this knowledge isn’t formalized
or written down, but it contributes to the
success of business. Third, elderly people are living longer, and
this results in higher health-care costs for
all currently in the workforce. It is estimated that three out of
five baby boomers do not have enough
money saved for retirement,
[12]
meaning that many of them will depend on Social Security
payments to
meet basic needs. However, since the Social Security system is
a pay-as-you-go system (i.e., those paying
into the system now are paying for current retirees), there may
not be enough current workers to cover
61. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
28
the current Social Security needs. In fact, in 1950 there were 16
workers to support each Social Security
beneficiary, but today there are only 3.3 workers supporting
each beneficiary.
[13]
The implications can
mean that more will be paid by current workers to support
retirees.
As a result of the aging workforce, human resources should
keep abreast of changes in Social Security
legislation and health-care costs, which will be discussed in
Chapter 6 "Compensation and Benefits". In
addition, human resource managers should review current
workers’ skill levels and monitor retirements
and skills lost upon those retirements, which is part of strategic
planning. This will be
discussed in Chapter 2 "Developing and Implementing Strategic
HRM Plans". Having knowledge about
current workers and skills, as well as predicting future
workforce needs, will be necessary to deal with the
62. challenges of an aging workforce.
HUMAN RESOURCE RECALL
Have you ever worked in a multigenerational organization?
What were some of the challenges in working
with people who may have grown up in a different era?
Another challenge, besides lack of workers, is the
multigenerational workforce. Employees between the
ages of seventeen and sixty-eight have different values and
different expectations of their jobs. Any
manager who tries to manage these workers from varying
generations will likely have some challenges.
Even compensation preferences are different among
generations. For example, the traditional baby
boomer built a career during a time of pensions and strongly
held values of longevity and loyalty to a
company. Compare the benefit needs of this person to someone
who is younger and expects to save
through a 401(k) plan, and it is clear that the needs and
expectations are different.
[14]
Throughout this
book, we will discuss compensation and motivational strategies
63. for the multigenerational workforce.
Awareness of the diversity of the workforce will be discussed in
Chapter 3 "Diversity and
Multiculturalism", but laws regarding diversity will be
discussed throughout the book. Diversity refers to
age, disability, race, sex, national origin, and religion. Each of
these components makes up the productive
workforce, and each employee has different needs, wants, and
goals. This is why it is imperative for the
HRM professional to understand how to motivate the workforce,
while ensuring that no laws are broken.
We will discuss laws regarding diversity (and the components
of diversity, such as disabilities) in Chapter
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
29
3 "Diversity and Multiculturalism", Chapter 4
"Recruitment",Chapter 5 "Selection", Chapter 6
"Compensation and Benefits", and Chapter 7 "Retention and
Motivation".
Ethics
A discussion of ethics is necessary when considering challenges
64. of human resources. Much of the
discussion surrounding ethics happened after the early to mid-
2000s, when several companies were
found to have engaged in gross unethical and illegal conduct,
resulting in the loss of billions of dollars
from shareholders. Consider the statistics: only 25 percent of
employees trusted their CEO to tell the
truth, and 80 percent of people said that employers have a moral
responsibility to society.
[15]
Based on
these numbers, an ethical workplace is important not only for
shareholder satisfaction but for employee
satisfaction as well. Companies are seeing the value of
implementing ethics codes within the business.
Many human resource departments have the responsibility of
designing codes of ethics and developing
policies for ethical decision making. Some organizations hire
ethics officers to specifically focus on this
area of the business. Out of four hundred companies surveyed,
48 percent had an ethics officer, who
Figure 1.8 Demographic Data for the United States by Race
Source: Map courtesy of the US Census Department.
65. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
30
reported to either the CEO or the HR executive.
[16]
According to Steve Miranda, chief human resources
officer for the Society for Human Resource Management
(SHRM), “[the presence of an ethics officer]
provides a high-level individual with positional authority who
can ensure that policies, practices, and
guidelines are effectively communicated across the
organization.”
[17]
For example, the insurance company Allstate recently hired a
chief ethics and compliance officer (CECO)
who offers a series of workshops geared toward leaders in the
organization, because they believe that
maintaining high ethical standards starts at the top of an
organization. In addition, the CECO monitors
reports of ethics complaints within the organization and trains
employees on the code of ethics or code of
66. conduct.
[18]
A code of ethics is an outline that explains the expected ethical
behavior of employees. For
example, General Electric (GE) has a sixty-four-page code of
conduct that outlines the expected ethics,
defines them, and provides information on penalties for not
adhering to the code. The code of conduct is
presented below. Of course, simply having a written code of
ethics does little to encourage positive
behavior, so many organizations (such as GE) offer stiff
penalties for ethics violations. Developing
policies, monitoring behavior, and informing people of ethics
are necessary to ensure a fair and legal
business.
The following is an outline of GE’s code of conduct:
[19]
business conduct worldwide.
relationships.
affairs.
67. extend to every member of the diverse GE
community.
environment.
ethical conduct is recognized, valued, and
exemplified by all employees.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
ensure the department adds value to
the rest of the organization, based on the organization’s
strategic plan.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
31
This can be done in several ways,
for example, in the way health care and benefits are offered.
Many companies are
developing cafeteria plans that satisfy the employee and help
68. contain costs.
training programs and ensuring
employees are well trained to be productive in the job.
therefore HRM should take steps to
ensure they are hiring the right people for the job the first
time.Turnover is a term used to
describe the departure of an employee.
We can communicate better by
understanding communication channels, personalities, and
styles.
For example, employees may
request alternative work schedules because they can use
technology at home to get their work
done.
employees spending too much time
on the Internet, creates new challenges for managers.
Technology can also create challenges
such as workplace stress and lack of work-life balance.
69. management. HR managers, no matter what
the state of the economy, must plan effectively to make sure
they have the right number of
workers at the right time. When we deal with a down economy,
the legal and union implications
of layoffs must be considered, and in an up economy, hiring of
workers to meet the internal
demand is necessary.
he retirement of baby boomers is creating a gap in the
workplace, related to not only the
number of people available but also the skills people
have.Multigenerational companies, or
companies with workers of a variety of ages, must find ways to
motivate employees, even
though those employees may have different needs. HR must be
aware of this and continually
plan for the challenge of a changing workforce. Diversity in the
workplace is an important
challenge in human resource management. Diversity will be
discussed in Chapter 3 "Diversity
and Multiculturalism".
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
70. http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
32
lso challenges
in HRM. Setting ethical standards
and monitoring ethical behavior, including developing a code of
conduct, is a must for any
successful business.
EXERCISES
1. Research the various generations: baby boomers, Generation
X, and the Y Generation
(millennials). Compare and contrast five differences between
the generations. How might these
differences impact HRM?
2. Review news articles on the current state of the economy.
Which aspects of these articles do you
think can relate to HRM?
[1] “Use Three Strategies to Cut Health Care Costs,” Business
Management Daily, September 9, 2010, accessed
October 10,
2010,http://www.businessmanagementdaily.com/articles/23381/
71. 1/Use-3-strategies-to-cut-health-
care-costs/Page1.html.
[2] Mary Allen, “Benefits, Buffet Style—Flexible Plans,”
Nation’s Business, January 1997, accessed October 1,
2010,
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1154/is_v75/ai_4587731.
[3] “LL Sonic Settles EEOC Lawsuit for $2 Million,” Valencia
County News Bulletin, June 23, 2011.
[4] James Del Monte, “Cost of Hiring and Turnover,” JDA
Professional Services, Inc., 2010, accessed October 1,
2010, http://www.jdapsi.com/Client/articles/coh.
[5] “The Cost of Poor Communications,” Sales and Marketing,
December 22, 2006, accessed October 1,
2010, http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing-
advertising/4278862-1.html.
[6] Vivek Agrawal and Diana Farrell, “Who Wins in
Offshoring?” in “Global Directions,” special issue, McKinsey
Quarterly, (2003): 36–
41,https://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Who_wins_in_offshorin
g_1363.
[7] “Facebook Use Cuts Productivity at Work,” Economic
Times, July 25, 2009, accessed October 4,
2010,
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/Facebook-
72. use-cuts-productivity-at-work-
Study/articleshow/4818848.cms.
[8] “McDonald’s Readies for Massive Hiring Spree,” Fox 5
News, Las Vegas, May 2010, accessed October 5,
2010, http://www.fox5vegas.com/news/23661640/detail.html
(site discontinued).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://www.businessmanagementdaily.com/articles/23381/1/Use
-3-strategies-to-cut-health-care-costs/Page1.html
http://www.businessmanagementdaily.com/articles/23381/1/Use
-3-strategies-to-cut-health-care-costs/Page1.html
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1154/is_v75/ai_4587731
http://www.jdapsi.com/Client/articles/coh
http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing-advertising/4278862-
1.html
https://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Who_wins_in_offshoring_1
363
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/Facebook-
use-cuts-productivity-at-work-Study/articleshow/4818848.cms
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/Facebook-
use-cuts-productivity-at-work-Study/articleshow/4818848.cms
http://www.fox5vegas.com/news/23661640/detail.html
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
33
[9] Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey
Report, accessed July 7,
2011,http://www.bls.gov/cps/earnings.htm#education.
73. [10] Stephanie Armour, “Generation Y: They’ve Arrived at
Work with a New Attitude,” USA Today, November 6,
2005.
[11] Alvaro Fernandez, “Training the Aging Workforce,”
SharpBrains, August 10, 2007, accessed October 6,
2010, http://www.sharpbrains.com/blog/2007/08/10/training-
the-aging-workforce-and-their-brains.
[12] Joe Weisenthal, “3 of 5 Baby Boomers Don’t Have Enough
for Retirement,” Business Insider Magazine, August
16, 2010, http://www.businessinsider.com/boomers-cutting-
back-2010-8.
[13] Brenda Wenning, “Baby Boomer Retirement May Be a
Bust,” Metrowest News Daily, March 21, 2010.
[14] Michelle Capezza, “Employee Benefits in a
Multigenerational Workplace,” EpsteinBeckerGreen, August 12,
2010, accessed October 6,
2010,http://www.ebglaw.com/showNewsletter.aspx?Show=1331
3.
[15] Strategic Management Partners, “Unethical Statistics
Announced At Business Leaders Event,” news
release, http://www.consult-
smp.com/archives/2005/02/unethical_stati.html, accessed
August 31, 2011.
[16] Mark McGraw, “The HR-Ethics Alliance,” HR Executive
74. Online, June 16, 2011, accessed July 7,
2011,
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=533339153.
[17] Mark McGraw, “The HR-Ethics Alliance,” HR Executive
Online, June 16, 2011, accessed July 7,
2011,
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=533339153,
brackets in the original.
[18] Mark McGraw, “The HR-Ethics Alliance,” HR Executive
Online, June 16, 2011, accessed July 7,
2011,
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=533339153.
[19] “The Spirit and the Letter,” General Electric Company,
accessed August 10,
2011,http://files.gecompany.com/gecom/citizenship/pdfs/TheSpi
rit&TheLetter.pdf.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://www.bls.gov/cps/earnings.htm#education
http://www.sharpbrains.com/blog/2007/08/10/training-the-
aging-workforce-and-their-brains
http://www.businessinsider.com/boomers-cutting-back-2010-8
http://www.ebglaw.com/showNewsletter.aspx?Show=13313
http://www.consult-
smp.com/archives/2005/02/unethical_stati.html
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=533339153
75. http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=533339153
http://www.hreonline.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=533339153
http://files.gecompany.com/gecom/citizenship/pdfs/TheSpirit&T
heLetter.pdf
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
34
1.4 Cases and Problems
CHAPTER SUMMARY
people, training them, compensating them,
developing policies relating to the workplace, and developing
strategies to retain employees. Three
certification exams, which are offered by the Human Resource
Certification Institute, can be taken to
show HRM skills and become more marketable.
staffing, (2) workplace policies, (3) benefits
and compensation, (4) retention, (5) training, (6) employment
laws, and (7) employee protection.
skills. Being able to organize, multitask, and
communicate effectively, as well as having specific job skills,
such as how to run a particular computer
program, and a sense of fairness and ethics, is crucial to a
76. successful career in HRM.
HRM. First, it is up to everyone in the
organization to contain costs. HR managers need to look at their
individual departments and demonstrate
the necessity and value of their functions to the organization.
HR managers can also help contain costs in
several ways, such as managing benefits plans and
compensation and providing training.
-changing nature of technology is also a challenge in
HRM. As new technologies are developed,
employees may be able to implement innovative ways of
working such as flextime. HR managers are also
responsible for developing policies dealing with cyberloafing
and other workplace time wasters revolving
around technology. Employee stress and lack of work-life
balance are also greatly influenced by
technology.
es in the economy allows the human
resource manager to adequately plan for
reductions and additions to the workforce.
baby boomers retire, there likely will not be
77. enough people to replace them, and many of the skills the baby
boomers have may be lost. In addition,
having to work with multiple generations at once can create
challenges as different expectations and
needs arise from multigenerational workforces.
CHAPTER CASE
Changes, Changes
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
35
Jennifer, the owner and manager of a company with ten
employees, has hired you to take over the HRM
function so she can focus on other areas of her business. During
your first two weeks, you find out that the
company has been greatly affected by the up economy and is
expected to experience overall revenue
growth by 10 percent over the next three years, with some
quarters seeing growth as high as 30 percent.
However, five of the ten workers are expected to retire within
three years. These workers have been with
the organization since the beginning and provide a unique
historical perspective of the company. The
78. other five workers are of diverse ages.
In addition to these changes, Jennifer believes they may be able
to save costs by allowing employees to
telecommute one to two days per week. She has some concerns
about productivity if she allows employees
to work from home. Despite these concerns, Jennifer has even
considered closing down the physical office
and making her company a virtual organization, but she wonders
how such a major change will affect the
ability to communicate and worker motivation.
Jennifer shares with you her thoughts about the costs of health
care on the organization. She has
considered cutting benefits entirely and having her employees
work for her on a contract basis, instead of
being full-time employees. She isn’t sure if this would be a
good choice.
Jennifer schedules a meeting with you to discuss some of her
thoughts. To prepare for the meeting, you
perform research so you can impress your new boss with
recommendations on the challenges presented.
1. Point out which changes are occurring in the business that
affect HRM.
2. What are some considerations the company and HR should be
79. aware of when making changes related to
this case study?
3. What would the initial steps be to start planning for these
changes?
4. What would your role be in implementing these changes?
What would Jennifer’s role be?
TEAM ACTIVITIES
1. In a group of two to three people, research possible career
paths in HRM and prepare a PowerPoint
presentation to discuss your findings.
2. Interview an HR manager and discuss his or her career path,
skills, and daily tasks. Present your findings
to your class.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
36
Chapter 2: Developing and Implementing Strategic HRM
Plans
The Value of Planning
80. James stumbled into his position as the human resource
manager. He had been working for Techno, Inc.
for three years, and when the company grew, James moved from
a management position into a human
resource management position. Techno, Inc. is a technology and
software consulting company for the
music industry.
James didn’t have a good handle on how to effectively run a
human resources (HR) department, so for
much of the time he tried to figure it out as he went. When
Techno started seeing rapid growth, he hired
thirty people within a one-month period to meet the demand.
Proud of his ability to accomplish his task of
meeting the business’s current needs, James was rather pleased
with himself. He had spent numerous
hours mulling over recruitment strategies, putting together
excellent compensation plans, and then
eventually sifting through résumés as a small part of the hiring
process. Now the organization had the
right number of people needed to carry out its projects.
Fast forward five months, however, and it turned out the rapid
growth was only temporary. James met
with the executives of the business who told him the contracts
they had acquired were finished, and there
81. wasn’t enough new work coming in to make payroll next month
if they didn’t let some people go. James
felt frustrated because he had gone through so much effort to
hire people, and now they would be laid off.
Never mind the costs of hiring and training his department had
taken on to make this happen. As James
sat with the executives to determine who should be laid off, he
felt sad for the people who had given up
other jobs just five months before, only to be laid off.
After the meeting, James reflected on this situation and realized
that if he had spoken with the executives
of the company sooner, they would have shared information on
the duration of the contracts, and he likely
would have hired people differently, perhaps on a contract basis
rather than on a full-time basis. He also
considered the fact that the organization could have hired an
outsourcing company to recruit workers for
him. As Jason mulled this over, he realized that he needed a
strategic plan to make sure his department
was meeting the needs of the organization. He vowed to work
with the company executives to find out
more about the company’s strategic plan and then develop a
human resource management (HRM)
82. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
37
strategic plan to make sure Techno, Inc. has the right number of
workers with the right skills, at the right
time in the future.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
38
2.1 Strategic Planning
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the differences been HRM and personnel
management.
2. Be able to define the steps in HRM strategic planning.
In the past, human resource management (HRM) was called the
personnel department. In the past, the
personnel department hired people and dealt with the hiring
paperwork and processes. It is believed the
83. first human resource department was created in 1901 by the
National Cash Register Company (NCR). The
company faced a major strike but eventually defeated the union
after a lockout. (We address unions
in Chapter 12 "Working with Labor Unions".) After this
difficult battle, the company president decided to
improve worker relations by organizing a personnel department
to handle grievances, discharges, safety
concerns, and other employee issues. The department also kept
track of new legislation surrounding laws
impacting the organization. Many other companies were coming
to the same realization that a
department was necessary to create employee satisfaction,
which resulted in more productivity. In 1913,
Henry Ford saw employee turnover at 380 percent and tried to
ease the turnover by increasing wages
from $2.50 to $5.00, even though $2.50 was fair during this
time period.
[1]
Of course, this approach
didn’t work for long, and these large companies began to
understand they had to do more than hire and
fire if they were going to meet customer demand.
More recently, however, the personnel department has divided
84. into human resource management and
human resource development, as these functions have evolved
over the century. HRM is not only crucial
to an organization’s success, but it should be part of the overall
company’s strategic plan, because so many
businesses today depend on people to earn profits. Strategic
planning plays an important role in how
productive the organization is.
Table 2.1 Examples of Differences between Personnel
Management and HRM
Personnel Management Focus HRM Focus
Administering of policies Helping to achieve strategic goals
through people
Stand-alone programs, such as training
HRM training programs that are integrated with company’s
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
39
Personnel Management Focus HRM Focus
mission and values
85. Personnel department responsible for
managing people
Line managers share joint responsibility in all areas of people
hiring and management
Creates a cost within an organization Contributes to the profit
objectives of the organization
Most people agree that the following duties normally fall under
HRM. Each of these aspects has its own
part within the overall strategic plan of the organization:
1. Staffing. Staffing includes the development of a strategic
plan to determine how many people you might
need to hire. Based on the strategic plan, HRM then performs
the hiring process to recruit and select the
right people for the right jobs. We discuss staffing in greater
detail in Chapter 4 "Recruitment", Chapter 5
"Selection", and Chapter 6 "Compensation and Benefits".
2. Basic workplace policies. Development of policies to help
reach the strategic plan’s goals is the job of
HRM. After the policies have been developed, communication
of these policies on safety, security,
scheduling, vacation times, and flextime schedules should be
developed by the HR department. Of course,
86. the HR managers work closely with supervisors in organizations
to develop these policies. Workplace
policies will be addressed throughout the book.
3. Compensation and benefits. In addition to paychecks, 401(k)
plans, health benefits, and other perks are
usually the responsibility of an HR manager. Compensation and
benefits are discussed in Chapter 6
"Compensation and Benefits" and Chapter 7 "Retention and
Motivation".
4. Retention. Assessment of employees and strategizing on how
to retain the best employees is a task that
HR managers oversee, but other managers in the organization
will also provide input. Chapter 9
"Successful Employee Communication", Chapter 10 "Managing
Employee Performance", and Chapter 11
"Employee Assessment" cover different types of retention
strategies, from training to assessment.
5. Training and development. Helping new employees develop
skills needed for their jobs and helping
current employees grow their skills are also tasks for which the
HRM department is responsible.
Determination of training needs and development and
implementation of training programs are
important tasks in any organization. Training is discussed in
87. great detail in Chapter 9 "Successful
Employee Communication"including succession planning.
Succession planning includes handling the
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
40
departure of managers and making current employees ready to
take on managerial roles when a manager
does leave.
6. Regulatory issues and worker safety. Keeping up to date on
new regulations relating to employment,
health care, and other issues is generally a responsibility that
falls on the HRM department. While various
laws are discussed throughout the book, unions and safety and
health laws in the workplace are covered in
Chapter 12 "Working with Labor Unions" and Chapter 13
"Safety and Health at Work".
In smaller organizations, the manager or owner is likely
performing the HRM functions.
[2]
They hire
people, train them, and determine how much they should be
88. paid. Larger companies ultimately perform
the same tasks, but because they have more employees, they can
afford to employ specialists, or human
resource managers, to handle these areas of the business. As a
result, it is highly likely that you, as a
manager or entrepreneur, will be performing HRM tasks, hence
the value in understanding the strategic
components of HRM.
HRM vs. Personnel Management
Human resource strategy is an elaborate and systematic plan of
action developed by a human resource
department. This definition tells us that an HR strategy includes
detailed pathways to implement HRM
strategic plans and HR plans. Think of theHRM strategic plan as
the major objectives the organization
wants to achieve, and the HR plan as the specific activities
carried out to achieve the strategic plan. In
other words, the strategic plan may include long-term goals,
while the HR plan may include short-term
objectives that are tied to the overall strategic plan. As
mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, human
resource departments in the past were called personnel
departments. This term implies that the
89. department provided “support” for the rest of the organization.
Companies now understand that the
human side of the business is the most important asset in any
business (especially in this global
economy), and therefore HR has much more importance than it
did twenty years ago. While personnel
management mostly involved activities surrounding the hiring
process and legal compliance, human
resources involves much more, including strategic planning,
which is the focus of this chapter. The Ulrich
HR model, a common way to look at HRM strategic planning,
provides an overall view of the role of HRM
in the organization. His model is said to have started the
movement that changed the view of HR; no
longer merely a functional area, HR became more of a
partnership within the organization. While his
model has changed over the years, the current model looks at
alignment of HR activities with the overall
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
41
global business strategy to form a strategic partnership.
[3]
90. His newly revised model looks at five main
areas of HR:
1. Strategic partner. Partnership with the entire organization to
ensure alignment of the HR function with
the needs of the organization.
2. Change agent. The skill to anticipate and respond to change
within the HR function, but as a company as
a whole.
3. Administrative expert and functional expert. The ability to
understand and implement policies,
procedures, and processes that relate to the HR strategic plan.
4. Human capital developer. Means to develop talent that is
projected to be needed in the future.
5. Employee advocate. Works for employees currently within
the organization.
According to Ulrich,
[4]
implementation of this model must happen with an
understanding of the overall
company objectives, problems, challenges, and opportunities.
For example, the HR professional must
understand the dynamic nature of the HRM environment, such
91. as changes in labor markets, company
culture and values, customers, shareholders, and the economy.
Once this occurs, HR can determine how
best to meet the needs of the organization within these five
main areas.
HRM AS A STRATEGIC COMPONENT OF THE BUSINESS
Keeping the Ulrich model in mind, consider these four aspects
when creating a good HRM strategic plan:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
42
1. Make it applicable. Often people spend an inordinate amount
of time developing plans, but the plans sit in
a file somewhere and are never actually used. A good strategic
plan should be the guiding principles for
the HRM function. It should be reviewed and changed as
aspects of the business change. Involvement of
all members in the HR department (if it’s a larger department)
and communication among everyone
within the department will make the plan better.
2. Be a strategic partner. Alignment of corporate values in the
92. HRM strategic plan should be a major
objective of the plan. In addition, the HRM strategic plan
should be aligned with the mission and
objectives of the organization as a whole. For example, if the
mission of the organization is to promote
social responsibility, then the HRM strategic plan should
address this in the hiring criteria.
Figure 2.1
To be successful in writing an HRM strategic plan, one must
understand the dynamic
external environment.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
43
3. Involve people. An HRM strategic plan cannot be written
alone. The plan should involve everyone in the
organization. For example, as the plan develops, the HR
manager should meet with various people in
departments and find out what skills the best employees have.
Then the HR manager can make sure the
93. people recruited and interviewed have similar qualities as the
best people already doing the job. In
addition, the HR manager will likely want to meet with the
financial department and executives who do
the budgeting, so they can determine human resource needs and
recruit the right number of people at the
right times. In addition, once the HR department determines
what is needed, communicating a plan can
gain positive feedback that ensures the plan is aligned with the
business objectives.
4. Understand how technology can be used. Organizations
oftentimes do not have the money or the
inclination to research software and find budget-friendly
options for implementation. People are
sometimes nervous about new technology. However, the best
organizations are those that embrace
technology and find the right technology uses for their
businesses. There are thousands of HRM software
options that can make the HRM processes faster, easier, and
more effective. Good strategic plans address
this aspect.
HR managers know the business and therefore know the needs
of the business and can develop a plan to
meet those needs. They also stay on top of current events, so
94. they know what is happening globally that
could affect their strategic plan. If they find out, for example,
that an economic downturn is looming, they
will adjust their strategic plan. In other words, the strategic plan
needs to be a living document, one that
changes as the business and the world changes.
HUMAN RESOURCE RECALL
Have you ever looked at your organization’s strategic plan?
What areas does the plan address?
The Steps to Strategic Plan Creation
As we addressed in Section 2.1.2 "The Steps to Strategic Plan
Creation", HRM strategic plans must have
several elements to be successful. There should be a distinction
made here: the HRM strategic plan is
different from the HR plan. Think of the HRM strategic plan as
the major objectives the organization
wants to achieve, while the HR plan consists of the detailed
plans to ensure the strategic plan is achieved.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
95. 44
Oftentimes the strategic plan is viewed as just another report
that must be written. Rather than jumping
in and writing it without much thought, it is best to give the
plan careful consideration.
The goal of Section 2 "Conduct a Strategic Analysis"is to
provide you with some basic elements to consider
and research before writing any HRM plans.
Conduct a Strategic Analysis
A strategic analysis looks at three aspects of the individual
HRM department:
1. Understanding of the company mission and values. It is
impossible to plan for HRM
if one does not know the values and missions of the
organization. As we have already addressed in this
chapter, it is imperative for the HR manager to align department
objectives with organizational objectives.
It is worthwhile to sit down with company executives,
management, and supervisors to make sure you
have a good understanding of the company mission and values.
Another important aspect is the understanding of the
organizational life cycle. You may have learned
about the life cycle in marketing or other business classes, and
96. this applies to HRM, too.
An organizational life cycle refers to the introduction, growth,
maturity, and decline of the organization,
which can vary over time. For example, when the organization
first begins, it is in the introduction phase,
and a different staffing, compensation, training, and
labor/employee relations strategy may be necessary
to align HRM with the organization’s goals. This might be
opposed to an organization that is struggling to
stay in business and is in the decline phase. That same
organization, however, can create a new product,
for example, which might again put the organization in the
growth phase. Table 2.2 "Lifecycle Stages and
HRM Strategy" explains some of the strategies that may be
different depending on the organizational life
cycle.
2. Understanding of the HRM department mission and values.
HRM departments
must develop their own departmental mission and values. These
guiding principles for the department
will change as the company’s overall mission and values
change. Often the mission statement is a list of
what the department does, which is less of a strategic approach.
Brainstorming about HR goals, values,
97. and priorities is a good way to start. The mission statement
should express how an organization’s human
resources help that organization meet the business goals. A poor
mission statement might read as follows:
“The human resource department at Techno, Inc. provides
resources to hiring managers and develops
compensation plans and other services to assist the employees
of our company.”
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
45
A strategic statement that expresses how human resources help
the organization might read as follows:
“HR’s responsibility is to ensure that our human resources are
more talented and motivated than our
competitors’, giving us a competitive advantage. This will be
achieved by monitoring our turnover rates,
compensation, and company sales data and comparing that data
to our competitors.”
[5]
When the mission
statement is written in this way, it is easier to take a strategic
98. approach with the HR planning process.
3. Understanding of the challenges facing the department. HRM
managers cannot deal with change quickly
if they are not able to predict changes. As a result, the HRM
manager should know what upcoming
challenges may be faced to make plans to deal with those
challenges better when they come along. This
makes the strategic plan and HRM plan much more usable.
Table 2.2 Lifecycle Stages and HRM Strategy
Life Cycle
Stage Staffing Compensation
Training and
Development
Labor / Employee
Relations
Introduction
Attract best technical
and professional talent.
Meet or exceed labor
99. market rates to attract
needed talent.
Define future skill
requirements and
begin establishing
career ladders.
Set basic employee-
relations philosophy
of organization.
Growth
Recruit adequate
numbers and mix of
qualifying workers. Plan
management succession.
Manage rapid internal
labor market
movements.
Meet external market
100. but consider internal
equity effects.
Establish formal
compensation
structures.
Mold effective
management team
through management
development and
organizational
development.
Maintain labor peace,
employee motivation,
and morale.
Maturity
Encourage sufficient
turnover to minimize
layoffs and provide new
101. openings. Encourage
mobility as
reorganizations shift jobs
around.
Control compensation
costs.
Maintain flexibility
and skills of an aging
workforce.
Control labor costs
and maintain labor
peace. Improve
productivity.
Decline
Plan and implement
workforce reductions
and reallocations;
downsizing and
102. outplacement may occur
during this stage.
Implement tighter
cost control.
Implement retraining
and career consulting
services.
Improve productivity
and achieve
flexibility in work
rules. Negotiate job
security and
employment-
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
46
Life Cycle
Stage Staffing Compensation
Training and
103. Development
Labor / Employee
Relations
adjustment policies
Source: Seattle University Presentation, accessed July 11, 2011,
http://fac-
staff.seattleu.edu/gprussia/web/mgt383/HR%20Planning1.ppt.
Identify Strategic HR Issues
In this step, the HRM professionals will analyze the challenges
addressed in the first step. For example,
the department may see that it is not strategically aligned with
the company’s mission and values and opt
to make changes to its departmental mission and values as a
result of this information.
Many organizations and departments will use a strategic
planning tool that identifies strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT analysis) to
determine some of the issues they are facing.
Once this analysis is performed for the business, HR can align
itself with the needs of the business by
understanding the business strategy. See Table 2.3 "Sample HR
Department SWOT Analysis for Techno,
104. Inc." for an example of how a company’s SWOT analysis can be
used to develop a SWOT analysis for the
HR department.
Once the alignment of the company SWOT is completed, HR
can develop its own SWOT analysis to
determine the gaps between HR’s strategic plan and the
company’s strategic plan. For example, if the HR
manager finds that a department’s strength is its numerous
training programs, this is something the
organization should continue doing. If a weakness is the
organization’s lack of consistent compensation
throughout all job titles, then the opportunity to review and
revise the compensation policies presents
itself. In other words, the company’s SWOT analysis provides a
basis to address some of the issues in the
organization, but it can be whittled down to also address issues
within the department.
Table 2.3 Sample HR Department SWOT Analysis for Techno,
Inc.
Strengths
Hiring talented people
Company growth
Technology implementation for business processes
105. Excellent relationship between HRM and
management/executives
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
http://www.saylor.org/books
http://fac-
staff.seattleu.edu/gprussia/web/mgt383/HR%20Planning1.ppt
http://fac-
staff.seattleu.edu/gprussia/web/mgt383/HR%20Planning1.ppt
Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
47
Weaknesses
No strategic plan for HRM
No planning for up/down cycles
No formal training processes
Lacking of software needed to manage business processes,
including go-to-market staffing
strategies
Opportunities
Development of HRM staffing plan to meet industry growth
HRM software purchase to manage training, staffing,
assessment needs for an unpredictable
business cycle