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A wellbeing approach to
    sustainable consumption.
  Methodology and preliminary results
from an exploratory project in Catalonia

         Monica Guillen i Royo
Presentation outline
• Introduction to the project
  – Theoretical and empirical background
  – Research design and methodology
  – Context of the research
• Preliminary results
  – Sustainable consumption values, attitudes and
    behaviours
  – Sustainable consumption and human needs
• What next?
Theoretical and empirical
             background
Research hypothesis: sustainable consumption
  increases people’s wellbeing (and vice versa)
      - Evidence from the economics of happiness
      - Evidence from positive psychology
      - Methodological and conceptual framework
      from Human Scale Development paradigm
Research design and methodology: (mixed-methods)
      - Values, attitudes, behaviours and SWB
      - Mapping human needs satisfiers
Wellbeing

‘Wellbeing is a state of being with others, where
    human needs are met, where one can act
  meaningfully to pursue one's goals, and where
      one enjoys a satisfactory quality of life’
                  (McGregor 2007).
Negative matrix Sweden
Max-Neef’s classification of satisfiers
Max-Neef (1991) argues that not all goods and services become
efficient satisfiers of human needs. Communities should work
together to identify the reasons why some social practices, forms of
organization, political models, goods and services become harmful
satisfiers.
Classification of satisfiers:

•Synergic satisfiers: they satisfy simultaneously different kind of needs.
•Singular satisfiers: they satisfy the need they are meant to satisfy
•Inhibiting satisfiers: they over-satisfy a given need so they curtail the possibility of
satisfying other needs - originated in customs and habits, for instance commercial
television (opposed to cultural television) satisfies the need for leisure but might impair
the need for understanding, creation and identity
•Pseudo-satisfiers: they give a false sense of satisfaction of a given need – induced
through propaganda, advertising and other means of persuasion-, for instance status
symbols
•Violators or destroyers: they annihilate the satisfaction over time of the need they
aim at and they impair the satisfaction of other needs (all the ones related to
protection, like censorship, exile …)
Research methodology
Lleida




   Population: 131.731
   Area (km2): 212,3
   GDP p.c.: 126 (Cat=122 Spain=104
   EU-27=100)
   Economic activity: Services(71%),
   construction (11%), industry (13%),
   agriculture (4%)
Patterns of (un)sustainable
             consumption
- Greenhouse emissions increase 26% above Kyoto
  protocol agreements for Spain
- Private transport: more and bigger cars plus huge
  investments in high-capacity roads
- Air conditioning: main and second homes plus cars
- Second homes: summer houses in mountain and
  beach, increase in size and conveniences
Wellbeing
Spain:
• 1981-2000: same % of very happy people (3% average GDP
  growth)
• Lower levels of vitality, commitment, perceptions of own
  competence than European average.
Catalonia:
• 1999-2005: increase % Catalans that struggle to make ends
  meet(54%) in a context of economic growth
Participants
     - Project marketed at public library, local
     shops, neighbourhood associations and
     ’word-of-mouth’
     - 47 participants in 6 discussion groups (23
     of them joined the final session)
     - Compared to the population of Lleida:
          •More women (62% vsus 51%)
          •More married (64% vsus 47%)
          •More educated (32% university studies
          vsus 16%)
          •More unemployed (9% vsus 5%) and
          pensioners (25% vsus 18%) –CRISIS
          •Average age 48
          •Household members 3
          •Average annual family income per
          capita 9.615 EUR (RFBD per capita
          2004 14,800 EUR)
Values, attitudes and sustainable
        consumption practices
                       Harmful for the   For environmental For environmental
                       environment1      reasons you are    reasons you have
                                         willing to reduce… reduced…
Buying anything one         68%                66%                  37%
wants/buying less
Use private                 85%                37%                  38%
transport
Use air conditioning        62%                30%                  27%
Use second                  25%                22%                  11%
residence
Is a materially rich society the
               problem?
Richer participants:
    – Have lower pro-environmental values, attitudes and less
      pro-environmental behaviours.
    – Feel less competent to make the necessary changes to live
      a sustainable life.
    – Believe that their needs would not be met if they
      consumed less.

But there are other societal characteristics linked or not with
material prosperity that impede a shift towards sustainable
consumption…
How would you say your needs
 would be if you bought less…
Negative consolidated matrix
                              Ser                             Tenir                               Fer                          Interactuar
                  (atributs personals o            (institucions, normes, eines)   (accions personals o col·lectives)       (espais o ambients)
                        col·lectius)
Subsistència   MANCA DE SALUT FISICA I
               MENTAL
                                                   ATUR, MASSIFICACIÓ
                                                   SERVEIS, DESTRUCCIÓ
                                                                                   NO TREBALLAR, NO PROMOURE
                                                                                   AJUTS, EXCLOURE, CONFONDRE
                                                                                                                        ACOLLIMENT ATURATS
                                                                                                                        ESTRANGERS (CRISI)
                                                                                                                                                  Intentional   Confusing and complex
                                                   HORTA                                                                DESAPARICIÓ HORTA
                                                                                                                        CONTAMINACIÓ                            administrative procedures,
 Protecció     INDIVIDUALISME                      TRANSIT, INSEGURETAT            COMPLICAR PROCEDIMENTS,
                                                                                                                        PRODUCTES AGRARIS
                                                                                                                        SEGURETAT PRIVADA QUE
                                                                                                                                                  confusion     biased and partial information
               IRRESPONSABILITAT                   CIUTADANA, MASSIFICACIÓ         DESENTENDRE’S, DISCRIMINAR,          AILLA DELS VEINS,
               ESTRESSAT PEL MANCA DE              SERVEIS SALUT,                  NO RELACIONAR-SE AMB LA              MANCA D’IMPLICACIÓ                      (media, state, corporations,
               TEMPS                               CONTAMINACIÓ                    GENT DELCARRER/BARRI                 FRONT VANDALISME,
                                                   ALIMENTARIA, FALTA              DESCONFIAR                           DESHUMANITZACIÓ ESPAIS,                 political parties)
                                                   D’INFORMACIÓ, CURTA                                                  POLICIA NO LOCAL
                                                   DURADA SUBSIDI ATUR
  Afecte       FALTA D’AUTOESTIMA, FALTA           JORNADA LABORAL LLARGA          DESCONFIAR, ANAR AMB                 PRESSA, MANCA DE TEMPS,
                                                                                                                                                  Isolation     Linked to fear and lack of trust.
               COMUNICACIÓ,                                                        PRESSES, VALORAR MATERIAL            PERDUA COMERCOS
               DESARRELAMENT DELS
               IMMIGRANTS, AGRESSIVITAT,
                                                                                   PER SOBRE AFECTE, TANCARSE,
                                                                                   NO ACONSEGUIR COMUNICAR
                                                                                                                        LOCALS, DESLOCALITZACIO
                                                                                                                        AVIS
                                                                                                                                                                Current life styles against
               POR A MOSTRAR PROPIA
               VULNERABILITAT
                                                                                                                                                                traditional community (less
Comprensió     RUMORS                              FALTA D’INFORMACIÓ,             CENTRAR-SE EN UN MATEIX,             COMPLEXITAT                             local shops, use of local leisure
                                                   ACTITUD, FALTA D’ENTITATS       ALTERAR LA INFORMACIÓ,               ADMINISTRACIÓ
                                                   QUE INFORMIN,                   DESINFORMAR, DEVALUAR                                                        activities, less time out in the
                                                   IDEOLOGIES, FALTA DE            ESFORÇ, SOBREPROTEGIR
                                                   TEMPS PER EDUCAR                                                                                             streets), physical barriers,
Participació   INDIVIDUALISME, FALTA DE
               COMPROMIS, MADURACIO
                                                   FALTA D’EDUCACIÓ SOCIAL,
                                                   BUROCRACIA
                                                                                   INPEDIR INICIATIVES
                                                                                   INDEPENDENTS, EXCLOURE
                                                                                                                        FALTA COOPERACIÓ ENTRE
                                                                                                                        ADMINISTRACIONS,
                                                                                                                                                                closed groups (e.g. immigrants
               PERSONAL, IMPOTENCIA
               DESINTERES, DELEGAR
                                                   MANCA DE TEMPS                  COL.LECTIUS
                                                                                   NO APRECIAR LA PARTICIPACIÓ
                                                                                                                        FALTA SUPORT A
                                                                                                                        INICIATIVES DELS
                                                                                                                                                                and non-immigrants)
               RESPONSABILITAT EN LES                                              CONTROLAR                            BARRIS(centralització)
               INSTITUCIONS
                                                                                                                                                  Time          Lack of time for meaningful
   Lleure      DIRECCIONISME (no hi ha
               llibertat per utilitzar el lleure
                                                   HORARIS LABORALS
                                                   EDUCACIO FAMILIAR,
                                                                                   EMBRUTAR I FER MALBE ESPAIS
                                                                                   COMUNS, NO COORDINAR
                                                                                                                        POCA OFERTA LLEURE
                                                                                                                        FAMILIAR
                                                                                                                                                                activities, rest and emotional
               lliurement)                         MANCA EDUCACIO EN L’US
                                                   DE NOVES TECNOLOGIES
                                                                                   ACTIVITATS
                                                                                   NO RESPECTAR
                                                                                                                        BRUTICIA
                                                                                                                        FALTA DERESPECTE ESPAIS
                                                                                                                                                  pressure      balance, ‘irrational’ working
                                                   PREUS BAIXOS                    ANAR APRESSAT                        PUBLICS
                                                                                                                                                                times, life-styles based on
  Creació      MENYSPREU (de la creativitat),      TEMPS I SUPORT                  ORIENTAR ACTIVITATS CAP EL           AILLAMENT
               SOLITUD (del creatiu),              INSTITUCIONAL I SOCIAL          PRESTIGI I EL GUANY                  MANCA ESPAIS DIFUSIÓ                    haste.
               DESCONFIANCA, MANCA                                                 AILLAR, NO RECOLZAR                  CREACIONS PROPIES
               AUTOESTIMA                                                          DIFICULTAR



 Identitat     INESTABILITAT,                      TREBALL PRECARI, NORMES         NORMALITZAR, CRITICAR                TANCAMENT EN GRUPS
               PROTECCIONISME,                     CULTURALS                       ENFATITZAR LA DIFERENCIA
               AUTORITARISME, AILLAMENT                                            BUSCAR UNIFORMITAT
               SOCIAL                                                              RENDIR-SE ALS ALTRES




 Llibertat     TANCAMENT,                          NORMES SOCIALS                  TANCAR GENT AMB ETIQUETES            BARRERES
               CONSERVADORISME, POR,               ESTEREOTIPS                     MANIPULAR                            ARQUITECTONIQUES,
               FALTA D’ANONIMITAT                  PREJUDICIS                      ESTIGMATITZAR LA DIFERENCIA          DIFICULTAT DESPLACAMENT
                                                                                                                        EN CADIRA DE RODES
Positive consolidated matrix
                          Ser                          Tenir                               Fer                         Interactuar
                 (atributs personals o      (institucions, normes, eines)   (accions personals o col·lectives)      (espais o ambients)
                       col·lectius)

Subsistència
                MODESTIA, SOLIDARITAT,
                                                  DEMOCRACIA                PROTEGIR AGRICULTURA LOCAL,          HABITATGE DIGNE,CIUTAT      Simplicity    Simplicity of life in general
                                            PARTICIPATIVA, PROPIETAT
                                             COMUNAL, NECESSITATS
                                                                            COMPARTIR,TREBALLAR, DONAR
                                                                              RENDA BÀSICA A GENT AMB
                                                                                                                        HOSPITAL,
                                                                                                                     DESAGLOMERACIO
                                                                                                                                                           (relationships with people,
                CONFIANÇA EN NOSALTRES
                                              BASIQUES GARANTIDES                   NECESSITATS
                                                                                EDUCAR CÍVICAMENT
                                                                                                                  (comunitats mes petites)
                                                                                                                    CIVISME I EDUCACIÓ
                                                                                                                                             and           working place,
                MATEIXOS I EN ELS ALTRES
 Protecció                                      TEMPS I ESPAI PER
                                            NOSALTRES, SUBSISTENCIA                                               CÍVICA,TEMPS I ESPAI DE
                                                                                                                                             subsistence   administration and things),
                                            GARANTIDA, COMPRENSIÓ
                                            RELACIÓ AMB LA NATURA,
                                                                                                                      TRANQUILITAT                         downshifting, basic needs
                                               INFORMACIÓ REAL
                COMPRENSIO, OBERTURA,
                                                    TREBALL                   TENIR TEMPS PER DEDICAR A                                                    or income schemes
  Afecte                                    INTERIOR/ESPIRITUALITAT,         ALTRES PERSONES, POTENCIAR             ESPAIS I TEMPS PER
                SIMPLICITAT, PROXIMITAT,       TEMPS, VALORS NO             LA COMUNITAT, EXPOSAR-SE AL
                      SOLIDARITAT
                                                 MATERIALISTES                  CONTACTE AMB ALTRES
                                                                                                                      RELACIONAR-SE
                                                                                                                                             Community     Smaller administrative
                                                                                                                                                           units, local production and
Comprensió
                      PERSPECTIVA
                    TRANSPARENCIA
                                                INFORMACIÓ REAL,
                                             EDUCACIÓ PLURAL AMB               FOMENTAR LA INTUICIÓ,             SOCIETAT DE SUBSISTÈNCIA,
                                                                                                                                             focus         consumption, dynamic
                     OBJECTIVITAT
                     COMUNICACIO
                                            PERSPECTIVA, POSSIBILITAT
                                            DE VEURE COMUNITAT DES
                                                                             CONFIAR EN NOSALTRES I ELS
                                                                             DEMES, SIMPLIFICAR LAVIDA,
                                                                                                                       TRASPARÈNCIA                        community (opting out and
                                                DE FORA, EMPATIA             VALORAR LES PERSONES PEL
                                                                                      QUE SÓN
                                                                                                                                                           critical analysis),
Participació
                     GRATIFICACIO,
                   VOLUNTAD/GANAS
                                             PARTICIPACIÓ DIRECTA ,
                                                LLISTES OBERTES,             EDUCAR EN LA PARTICIPACIÓ,           INTERACCIÓ CIUTADANS-
                                                                                                                                                           participatory democracy
                     GENEROSITAT                   SIMPLICITAT                PROMOURE LA INICIATIVA               ADMINISTRACIÓ,CASALS
                                                ADMINISTRATIVA,
                                            PROXIMITAT INSTITUCIONS,
                                                                                                                      D’ESPLAI DIGNES
                                                                                                                                             People’s      People managing their
                                                EDUCACIÓ EN LA
                                                  PARTICIPACIÓ                                                                                             time for themselves,
   Lleure
                       SIMPLICITAT
                       INQUIETUD
                                            MENYS DISTRACCIONS COM
                                             TV , HORARIS DE TREBALL           MANTENIR I RESPECTAR              TRACTAR ESPAI PÚBLIC COM
                                                                                                                                             centered      relationships and
                      COMPRENSIÓ              RACIONALS, SUBVENCIÓ
                                                    VACANCES,
                                                                             INSTAL.LACIONS, PROMOCIÓ
                                                                                     ACTIVITATS
                                                                                                                     PRIVAT, OPCIONS
                                                                                                                   GRATUÏTES PER JOVES       time          participation in production
                                                                                                                                                           activities
  Creació
                 ACCEPTACIÓ, INCLOURE
                DIFERENTS GENERACIONS,
                     COOPERACIÓ [no
                                             POLÍTICA EDUCATIVA QUE
                                            FOMENTI LA CREATIVITAT,
                                              FLEXIBILITAT LABORAL,
                                                                            INFORMAR I PROMOCIONAR LES
                                                                                ACTIVITATS CREATIVES
                                                                                                                 FLEXIBILITAT HORARIS DELS
                                                                                                                     CURSOS I CENTRES
                                                                                                                                             management
                   competencia), SENSE        NECESSITATS BÀSIQUES
                      EXPECTATIVES           GARANTIDES, TEMPS PER
                                            ESTAR RELAXAT, OBJECTIUS
                                                NO CREMATISTICS
                 RESPECTE, ACCEPTACIO,      CULTURA/CONEIXEMENT ,
 Identitat      TOLERANCIA, AUTOESTIMA,          EDUCACIÓ EN LA             INVOLUCRAR-SE, FOMENTAR LA             AMBIENTS PÚBLICS DE
               CONSCIENTS I CONEIXEDORS     DIFERENCIA, TOLERÀNCIA,
                    PROPIA IDENTITAT         SOCIETAT PARTICIPATIVA
                                                                                   COMUNITAT,

                                                                                       RESPECTAR
                                                                                                                      TOLERÀNCIA
                                                                                                                                             A sustainable community?
 Llibertat       TOLERANCIA,ACCEPTACIÓ,       POQUES NECESSITATS,              NO TENIR POR, CONEIXER,            AMBIENTS DE RESPECTE
               SINCERITAT AMB UN MATEIX I   SEGURETAT, EDUCACIÓ EN             CONFIAR, COMPRENDRE,
                     AMB ELS ALTRES            LA TOLERÀNCIA I EL                    RESPECTAR                      SEGURETAT PÚBLICA
                                                   RESPECTE
Sustainable communities
’Places where people want to live and work,
  now and in the future. They meet the diverse
  needs of existing and future residents, are
  sensitive to their environment and contribute
  to a high quality of life. They are safe and
  inclusive, well planned built and run, and offer
  quality opportunity and good services for all’.
           (Office of the Deputy Primer Minister 2005)
Synergic satisfiers for optimal
need-satisfaction and sustainability
                                             Simplicity and
    Intentional confusion                     subsistence
                                           Community focus
         Isolation
                                          Time availability and
                                             management
      Time pressure

                     Flexible and rational working
                                 time
                       Participatory democracy
                     Promotion allotments/ local
                        agricultural products
                      Education/personal work
Concluding remarks
A wellbeing approach to sustainable consumption:

• Places sustainable consumption within people’s everyday
  concerns to meet human needs
• Highlights the role of ’abundance’ and wealth as barriers for
  sustainable consumption
• Involves people in the identification of the problems but also
  of the solutions
• It has the potential to be used as a tool for empowering
  communities to engage into transition processes towards
  sustainability
Thanks!

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A wellbeing approach to sustainable consumption

  • 1. A wellbeing approach to sustainable consumption. Methodology and preliminary results from an exploratory project in Catalonia Monica Guillen i Royo
  • 2. Presentation outline • Introduction to the project – Theoretical and empirical background – Research design and methodology – Context of the research • Preliminary results – Sustainable consumption values, attitudes and behaviours – Sustainable consumption and human needs • What next?
  • 3. Theoretical and empirical background Research hypothesis: sustainable consumption increases people’s wellbeing (and vice versa) - Evidence from the economics of happiness - Evidence from positive psychology - Methodological and conceptual framework from Human Scale Development paradigm Research design and methodology: (mixed-methods) - Values, attitudes, behaviours and SWB - Mapping human needs satisfiers
  • 4. Wellbeing ‘Wellbeing is a state of being with others, where human needs are met, where one can act meaningfully to pursue one's goals, and where one enjoys a satisfactory quality of life’ (McGregor 2007).
  • 6. Max-Neef’s classification of satisfiers Max-Neef (1991) argues that not all goods and services become efficient satisfiers of human needs. Communities should work together to identify the reasons why some social practices, forms of organization, political models, goods and services become harmful satisfiers. Classification of satisfiers: •Synergic satisfiers: they satisfy simultaneously different kind of needs. •Singular satisfiers: they satisfy the need they are meant to satisfy •Inhibiting satisfiers: they over-satisfy a given need so they curtail the possibility of satisfying other needs - originated in customs and habits, for instance commercial television (opposed to cultural television) satisfies the need for leisure but might impair the need for understanding, creation and identity •Pseudo-satisfiers: they give a false sense of satisfaction of a given need – induced through propaganda, advertising and other means of persuasion-, for instance status symbols •Violators or destroyers: they annihilate the satisfaction over time of the need they aim at and they impair the satisfaction of other needs (all the ones related to protection, like censorship, exile …)
  • 8. Lleida Population: 131.731 Area (km2): 212,3 GDP p.c.: 126 (Cat=122 Spain=104 EU-27=100) Economic activity: Services(71%), construction (11%), industry (13%), agriculture (4%)
  • 9. Patterns of (un)sustainable consumption - Greenhouse emissions increase 26% above Kyoto protocol agreements for Spain - Private transport: more and bigger cars plus huge investments in high-capacity roads - Air conditioning: main and second homes plus cars - Second homes: summer houses in mountain and beach, increase in size and conveniences
  • 10. Wellbeing Spain: • 1981-2000: same % of very happy people (3% average GDP growth) • Lower levels of vitality, commitment, perceptions of own competence than European average. Catalonia: • 1999-2005: increase % Catalans that struggle to make ends meet(54%) in a context of economic growth
  • 11. Participants - Project marketed at public library, local shops, neighbourhood associations and ’word-of-mouth’ - 47 participants in 6 discussion groups (23 of them joined the final session) - Compared to the population of Lleida: •More women (62% vsus 51%) •More married (64% vsus 47%) •More educated (32% university studies vsus 16%) •More unemployed (9% vsus 5%) and pensioners (25% vsus 18%) –CRISIS •Average age 48 •Household members 3 •Average annual family income per capita 9.615 EUR (RFBD per capita 2004 14,800 EUR)
  • 12. Values, attitudes and sustainable consumption practices Harmful for the For environmental For environmental environment1 reasons you are reasons you have willing to reduce… reduced… Buying anything one 68% 66% 37% wants/buying less Use private 85% 37% 38% transport Use air conditioning 62% 30% 27% Use second 25% 22% 11% residence
  • 13. Is a materially rich society the problem? Richer participants: – Have lower pro-environmental values, attitudes and less pro-environmental behaviours. – Feel less competent to make the necessary changes to live a sustainable life. – Believe that their needs would not be met if they consumed less. But there are other societal characteristics linked or not with material prosperity that impede a shift towards sustainable consumption…
  • 14. How would you say your needs would be if you bought less…
  • 15. Negative consolidated matrix Ser Tenir Fer Interactuar (atributs personals o (institucions, normes, eines) (accions personals o col·lectives) (espais o ambients) col·lectius) Subsistència MANCA DE SALUT FISICA I MENTAL ATUR, MASSIFICACIÓ SERVEIS, DESTRUCCIÓ NO TREBALLAR, NO PROMOURE AJUTS, EXCLOURE, CONFONDRE ACOLLIMENT ATURATS ESTRANGERS (CRISI) Intentional Confusing and complex HORTA DESAPARICIÓ HORTA CONTAMINACIÓ administrative procedures, Protecció INDIVIDUALISME TRANSIT, INSEGURETAT COMPLICAR PROCEDIMENTS, PRODUCTES AGRARIS SEGURETAT PRIVADA QUE confusion biased and partial information IRRESPONSABILITAT CIUTADANA, MASSIFICACIÓ DESENTENDRE’S, DISCRIMINAR, AILLA DELS VEINS, ESTRESSAT PEL MANCA DE SERVEIS SALUT, NO RELACIONAR-SE AMB LA MANCA D’IMPLICACIÓ (media, state, corporations, TEMPS CONTAMINACIÓ GENT DELCARRER/BARRI FRONT VANDALISME, ALIMENTARIA, FALTA DESCONFIAR DESHUMANITZACIÓ ESPAIS, political parties) D’INFORMACIÓ, CURTA POLICIA NO LOCAL DURADA SUBSIDI ATUR Afecte FALTA D’AUTOESTIMA, FALTA JORNADA LABORAL LLARGA DESCONFIAR, ANAR AMB PRESSA, MANCA DE TEMPS, Isolation Linked to fear and lack of trust. COMUNICACIÓ, PRESSES, VALORAR MATERIAL PERDUA COMERCOS DESARRELAMENT DELS IMMIGRANTS, AGRESSIVITAT, PER SOBRE AFECTE, TANCARSE, NO ACONSEGUIR COMUNICAR LOCALS, DESLOCALITZACIO AVIS Current life styles against POR A MOSTRAR PROPIA VULNERABILITAT traditional community (less Comprensió RUMORS FALTA D’INFORMACIÓ, CENTRAR-SE EN UN MATEIX, COMPLEXITAT local shops, use of local leisure ACTITUD, FALTA D’ENTITATS ALTERAR LA INFORMACIÓ, ADMINISTRACIÓ QUE INFORMIN, DESINFORMAR, DEVALUAR activities, less time out in the IDEOLOGIES, FALTA DE ESFORÇ, SOBREPROTEGIR TEMPS PER EDUCAR streets), physical barriers, Participació INDIVIDUALISME, FALTA DE COMPROMIS, MADURACIO FALTA D’EDUCACIÓ SOCIAL, BUROCRACIA INPEDIR INICIATIVES INDEPENDENTS, EXCLOURE FALTA COOPERACIÓ ENTRE ADMINISTRACIONS, closed groups (e.g. immigrants PERSONAL, IMPOTENCIA DESINTERES, DELEGAR MANCA DE TEMPS COL.LECTIUS NO APRECIAR LA PARTICIPACIÓ FALTA SUPORT A INICIATIVES DELS and non-immigrants) RESPONSABILITAT EN LES CONTROLAR BARRIS(centralització) INSTITUCIONS Time Lack of time for meaningful Lleure DIRECCIONISME (no hi ha llibertat per utilitzar el lleure HORARIS LABORALS EDUCACIO FAMILIAR, EMBRUTAR I FER MALBE ESPAIS COMUNS, NO COORDINAR POCA OFERTA LLEURE FAMILIAR activities, rest and emotional lliurement) MANCA EDUCACIO EN L’US DE NOVES TECNOLOGIES ACTIVITATS NO RESPECTAR BRUTICIA FALTA DERESPECTE ESPAIS pressure balance, ‘irrational’ working PREUS BAIXOS ANAR APRESSAT PUBLICS times, life-styles based on Creació MENYSPREU (de la creativitat), TEMPS I SUPORT ORIENTAR ACTIVITATS CAP EL AILLAMENT SOLITUD (del creatiu), INSTITUCIONAL I SOCIAL PRESTIGI I EL GUANY MANCA ESPAIS DIFUSIÓ haste. DESCONFIANCA, MANCA AILLAR, NO RECOLZAR CREACIONS PROPIES AUTOESTIMA DIFICULTAR Identitat INESTABILITAT, TREBALL PRECARI, NORMES NORMALITZAR, CRITICAR TANCAMENT EN GRUPS PROTECCIONISME, CULTURALS ENFATITZAR LA DIFERENCIA AUTORITARISME, AILLAMENT BUSCAR UNIFORMITAT SOCIAL RENDIR-SE ALS ALTRES Llibertat TANCAMENT, NORMES SOCIALS TANCAR GENT AMB ETIQUETES BARRERES CONSERVADORISME, POR, ESTEREOTIPS MANIPULAR ARQUITECTONIQUES, FALTA D’ANONIMITAT PREJUDICIS ESTIGMATITZAR LA DIFERENCIA DIFICULTAT DESPLACAMENT EN CADIRA DE RODES
  • 16. Positive consolidated matrix Ser Tenir Fer Interactuar (atributs personals o (institucions, normes, eines) (accions personals o col·lectives) (espais o ambients) col·lectius) Subsistència MODESTIA, SOLIDARITAT, DEMOCRACIA PROTEGIR AGRICULTURA LOCAL, HABITATGE DIGNE,CIUTAT Simplicity Simplicity of life in general PARTICIPATIVA, PROPIETAT COMUNAL, NECESSITATS COMPARTIR,TREBALLAR, DONAR RENDA BÀSICA A GENT AMB HOSPITAL, DESAGLOMERACIO (relationships with people, CONFIANÇA EN NOSALTRES BASIQUES GARANTIDES NECESSITATS EDUCAR CÍVICAMENT (comunitats mes petites) CIVISME I EDUCACIÓ and working place, MATEIXOS I EN ELS ALTRES Protecció TEMPS I ESPAI PER NOSALTRES, SUBSISTENCIA CÍVICA,TEMPS I ESPAI DE subsistence administration and things), GARANTIDA, COMPRENSIÓ RELACIÓ AMB LA NATURA, TRANQUILITAT downshifting, basic needs INFORMACIÓ REAL COMPRENSIO, OBERTURA, TREBALL TENIR TEMPS PER DEDICAR A or income schemes Afecte INTERIOR/ESPIRITUALITAT, ALTRES PERSONES, POTENCIAR ESPAIS I TEMPS PER SIMPLICITAT, PROXIMITAT, TEMPS, VALORS NO LA COMUNITAT, EXPOSAR-SE AL SOLIDARITAT MATERIALISTES CONTACTE AMB ALTRES RELACIONAR-SE Community Smaller administrative units, local production and Comprensió PERSPECTIVA TRANSPARENCIA INFORMACIÓ REAL, EDUCACIÓ PLURAL AMB FOMENTAR LA INTUICIÓ, SOCIETAT DE SUBSISTÈNCIA, focus consumption, dynamic OBJECTIVITAT COMUNICACIO PERSPECTIVA, POSSIBILITAT DE VEURE COMUNITAT DES CONFIAR EN NOSALTRES I ELS DEMES, SIMPLIFICAR LAVIDA, TRASPARÈNCIA community (opting out and DE FORA, EMPATIA VALORAR LES PERSONES PEL QUE SÓN critical analysis), Participació GRATIFICACIO, VOLUNTAD/GANAS PARTICIPACIÓ DIRECTA , LLISTES OBERTES, EDUCAR EN LA PARTICIPACIÓ, INTERACCIÓ CIUTADANS- participatory democracy GENEROSITAT SIMPLICITAT PROMOURE LA INICIATIVA ADMINISTRACIÓ,CASALS ADMINISTRATIVA, PROXIMITAT INSTITUCIONS, D’ESPLAI DIGNES People’s People managing their EDUCACIÓ EN LA PARTICIPACIÓ time for themselves, Lleure SIMPLICITAT INQUIETUD MENYS DISTRACCIONS COM TV , HORARIS DE TREBALL MANTENIR I RESPECTAR TRACTAR ESPAI PÚBLIC COM centered relationships and COMPRENSIÓ RACIONALS, SUBVENCIÓ VACANCES, INSTAL.LACIONS, PROMOCIÓ ACTIVITATS PRIVAT, OPCIONS GRATUÏTES PER JOVES time participation in production activities Creació ACCEPTACIÓ, INCLOURE DIFERENTS GENERACIONS, COOPERACIÓ [no POLÍTICA EDUCATIVA QUE FOMENTI LA CREATIVITAT, FLEXIBILITAT LABORAL, INFORMAR I PROMOCIONAR LES ACTIVITATS CREATIVES FLEXIBILITAT HORARIS DELS CURSOS I CENTRES management competencia), SENSE NECESSITATS BÀSIQUES EXPECTATIVES GARANTIDES, TEMPS PER ESTAR RELAXAT, OBJECTIUS NO CREMATISTICS RESPECTE, ACCEPTACIO, CULTURA/CONEIXEMENT , Identitat TOLERANCIA, AUTOESTIMA, EDUCACIÓ EN LA INVOLUCRAR-SE, FOMENTAR LA AMBIENTS PÚBLICS DE CONSCIENTS I CONEIXEDORS DIFERENCIA, TOLERÀNCIA, PROPIA IDENTITAT SOCIETAT PARTICIPATIVA COMUNITAT, RESPECTAR TOLERÀNCIA A sustainable community? Llibertat TOLERANCIA,ACCEPTACIÓ, POQUES NECESSITATS, NO TENIR POR, CONEIXER, AMBIENTS DE RESPECTE SINCERITAT AMB UN MATEIX I SEGURETAT, EDUCACIÓ EN CONFIAR, COMPRENDRE, AMB ELS ALTRES LA TOLERÀNCIA I EL RESPECTAR SEGURETAT PÚBLICA RESPECTE
  • 17. Sustainable communities ’Places where people want to live and work, now and in the future. They meet the diverse needs of existing and future residents, are sensitive to their environment and contribute to a high quality of life. They are safe and inclusive, well planned built and run, and offer quality opportunity and good services for all’. (Office of the Deputy Primer Minister 2005)
  • 18. Synergic satisfiers for optimal need-satisfaction and sustainability Simplicity and Intentional confusion subsistence Community focus Isolation Time availability and management Time pressure Flexible and rational working time Participatory democracy Promotion allotments/ local agricultural products Education/personal work
  • 19. Concluding remarks A wellbeing approach to sustainable consumption: • Places sustainable consumption within people’s everyday concerns to meet human needs • Highlights the role of ’abundance’ and wealth as barriers for sustainable consumption • Involves people in the identification of the problems but also of the solutions • It has the potential to be used as a tool for empowering communities to engage into transition processes towards sustainability