The Liberty profile was added to the WebSphere Application Server product in 2012, providing a massive boost to development efficiency for Java EE applications, and a very flexible runtime for agile deployment. The past two years have seen a rapid expansion in the programming model, management and security capabilities of Liberty and it is now a serious choice for large scale deployments of Java EE applications. These slides discuss the use of Liberty for production deployments.

1. © 2015 IBM Corporation
AAI-1305 Choosing
Liberty for Deployments
Dr Ian Robinson
Dr Alex Mulholland
WAS Architecture

2. Purpose of this session
• Many use Liberty for development then deploy to full WAS
• lightweight, simple, flexible, fast
• increased development efficiency
• Liberty is also fully supported for production deployments
• similar throughputs to full profile
• centralized management through Collectives
• This session aims to help you understand the differences and
benefits of each profile, and how to move your applications to
Liberty
1

3. Agenda
• Is Liberty ready for my applications?
• Programming models
• WAMT to assess and move applications
• Is Liberty ready for prime time?
• Quality, delivery, support
• Deployment options
• Topologies
• Hybrid management
• Operational capabilities
• Pros and Cons
• and what we advise
2

4. Application support
in Liberty

5. Adds z/OS exploitation features
Programming models
Partial
Java EE 6
Java EE 6
Web
Full
Java EE 7
Partial
Java EE 6
Java EE 7
Web
Java EE 6
Web
Full Java EE support being delivered by Continuous Delivery
- see monthly beta drivers for previews
8.5.5.0 8.5.5.x
4

6. Deprecated
J2EE APIs
Full WAS API
Common WAS API
Full Java EE
Java EE 6
Web
JAX-RPC, Entity
Beans, JAXR
WAS Batch
WS-AT, WS-BA, WS-RM
JAXM 1.3
ApplicationProfile
AsyncBeans, I18N
Startup Beans
SDO, XML
J2EE Extensions
Common WAS API
Full Java EE
(coming)
Remaining API gaps
Partial
Java EE
Java EE
Web
Liberty profile Full profile
{
5

7. • Command-line analysis of application binaries
• High level evaluation report
• Detailed analysis for migration to Liberty & Bluemix
I have many apps, what do they need?
• Scans application source to provide:
• A high level evaluation report showing which Java EE technologies
your application uses
• A line-by-line analysis of code changes required
• with detailed information
• with quick fix code changes where possible
• Both run in eclipse against application source
WAS Application Migration Toolkit (WAMT)
https://developer.ibm.com/wasdev/downloads/#asset/tools-Migration_Toolkit_Liberty_Tech_Preview
https://developer.ibm.com/wasdev/downloads/#asset/tools-Migration_Toolkit_for_Application_Binaries_Tech_Preview
new
soon
now
• Download from wasdev.net/repo or Eclipse Marketplace
6

8. Application Evaluation Report
• Indicates which edition and profile are the best fit for the
application
• Initial assessment and planning
7

9. I need more details
• For deeper analysis and code changes
8

10. Show me the code
• Select detailed WAMT rules to run in eclipse
• Each issue is identified in the source
9

11. What can I do about it?
• Select detailed WAMT rules to run in eclipse
• Each issue is identified in the source
• Detailed information and advice is provided; code quick fixes where applicable
10

12. Tomcat
WebLogic
JBoss
Oracle AS
WAS Full profile v7 +
Liberty Bluemix
Liberty Cloud
WAS Liberty
profile
Migrate application code
WAMT
WAS Full profile
v6.1 +
also converts
Tomcat config to
liberty server.xml
11

13. I need help with resource config migration
• Eclipse plugin, converts configuration for specific resources to
• server.xml for liberty
• wsadmin jython script for full profile
• Input for full profile source is WAS config properties file
• wsadmin -lang jython -c "AdminTask.extractConfigProperties(['-
propertiesFileName my.props'])”
• for application-related resources, not full topology migration
• Written by ISSW World-Wide WebSphere Competitive Migration
team
• used (proven) in customer engagements
WebSphere Configuration Migration Toolkit (WCMT)
https://developer.ibm.com/wasdev/downloads/#asset/tools-WebSphere_Configuration_Migration_Tool
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/1404_vines2/1404_vines2.html
new
12

14. WebLogic
JBoss
WAS Full profile v8.5
Liberty Bluemix
Liberty Cloud
WAS Liberty
profile
Migrate resource configurations
WAS Full profile
v7+
WCMT
WCMT: WebSphere Configuration Migration Toolkit
13

15. WCMT in eclipse
• Lists resources, allows edit of properties
• Preview and save liberty server.xml content
14

16. Migration tools in Liberty Repository
http://wasdev.net/repo
15

17. Ready for Prime Time?

18. Liberty is ready for prime time
• Code reuse from full profile
• Majority of features reuse code from full profile
• Code has been tested and fixed for up to 15 years
• Provides common request-processing behavior
– including performance profiles
• Massive test automation
• Test-driven agile development process
• Over 38,000 automated tests run in every continuous build
– function, BVT, Unit, findbugs
• 150 SOEs run over 12,000 function tests (at least) weekly
– SOE = os x processor x java-vendor x java-version x bitness
• Mature team
• Same Dev, L3, L2 and field folks as WAS full profile
• We understand how to support software that runs your business
17

19. Liberty is strategic to IBM
Bluemix public,
dedicated, local
Cloud Services
built on Liberty
BPM Workflow
Watson DA
Data Cache
…
Operating
systems
linux
windows
aix
solaris hp/ux
z/linux
z/os
ibm-i
mac/osx
Private IaaS
Patterns
Pure App
Virtualized systems
Containers
Containers
Embedding
products >100
isa
spss as
infosphere
worklight
wamc
itsm
algo one
rsa
rad
z/os mf
sterling b2b
mq appliance
i2 coplink
cics
ims
Public IaaS
IBM Softlayer
MS Azure
Amazon AWS
PaaS
hybrid
private
public
OpenShift
Heroku
Cloud
Foundry
18

20. Deployment Options

21. Deployment topologies to consider
• Standalone server farms
• WAS ND Cell-based management and routing
• WAS ND Loosely-coupled server Collectives
In each case, app server tier behind an HTTP reverse-proxy tier.
Load-balancing in all cases.
WAS-provided, integrated central point of management for last 2
only
20

22. Standalone Server Farms
JMX Client
liberty liberty liberty
liberty liberty liberty
HTTP
Server
Load balancing and session affinity/failover
Operations target individual
servers
liberty
WAS base/core license
Web server plugin is a
merge of the individual
servers’ plugins. Session
failover uses DB or
session cache.
21

23. WAS ND Cells – 2 Options
• Cross-deploy apps to from Liberty to Full Profile
• One-way programming model fidelity
• 100% operational consistency
• Manage Liberty profiles as integral part of ND Cell
• Built on Intelligent Management Middleware Server support
– Available v8.5.5.1
• Basic console/scripting access to Liberty
– config access (i.e. server.xml)
– lifecycle (start/stop/status)
– log access (messages.log, etc)
• Optional dynamic clusters for Liberty
• This is “Liberty Assisted Lifecycle” support
22

24. WAS ND Liberty Assisted Lifecycle
• Liberty in the
ND cell gives
operations
similar to WAS
full profile.
• Perfect way to integrate
operational practice
across both profiles types.
dmgr
nodes
ND Cell
DB
HTTP
proxy
node
agent
app
server
app
server
node
agent
app
server
app
server
liberty
liberty
We like reusing
our existing
operational
infrastructure
I like the lightweight
development
experience
23

25. WAS ND Liberty Assisted Lifecycle
dmgr
nodes
ND Cell
DB
HTTP
proxy
node
agent
app
server
app
server
node
agent
app
server
app
server
liberty
liberty
We like reusing
our existing
operational
infrastructure
I like the lightweight
development
experience
Actually, I’d like a
lightweight and
massively scalable
cluster…
24

26. JMX Client
liberty liberty liberty
liberty
controllers liberty liberty liberty
HTTP
Server
collective
collective members
Load balancing and session affinity/failover
Operations target individual
servers
collective members
liberty
liberty
WAS base/core license
WAS ND license
WebSphere Liberty ND Collective
Like this…
25

27. Liberty ND Collective With Clusters
Adds Intelligent Management and Analytics
JMX Client
liberty liberty liberty
liberty
controllers liberty liberty liberty
HTTP
Server
collective
collective members
Load balancing and session affinity/failover
cluster members
Operations target individual
servers or clusters
Clusters add:
• Auto-scaling and dynamic routing
• No plugin regen required
• Health Management
• Log Analytics
Adds Intelligent Management and Analytics
liberty
liberty
WAS base/core license
WAS ND license
dynamicrouting
26

28. server.xml
<featureManager>
<feature>collectiveController-1.0</feature>
</featureManager>
server.xml
<featureManager>
<feature>collectiveMember-1.0</feature>
[ <feature>clusterMember-1.0</feature> ]
</featureManager>
Liberty Controller
WLP
Liberty Collective
WLP WLP
WLP WLP
Liberty Collective
1. wlp/bin/server create {controller}
2. wlp/bin/collective create {controller} ...
3. wlp/bin/server start {controller}
1. wlp/bin/server create {member}
2. wlp/bin/collective join {member} …
repeat
Liberty Collective: Lightweight Management At Scale
WLP=WebSphere Liberty Profile
27

29. server.xml
<featureManager>
<feature>collectiveMember-1.0</feature>
<feature>clusterMember-1.0</feature>
</featureManager>
<clusterMember name=“MyAppCluster1”/>
Liberty Controller
WLP
Liberty Clusters
WLP
WLP WLP
Liberty Collective
WLP
Name the
cluster:
Add cluster
feature:
MyAppCluster
1
Liberty Collective: Lightweight Management At Scale
WLP=WebSphere Liberty Profile
28

30. Operational capabilities
WAS ND Full Profile WAS ND Liberty Profile
HTTP Spray/Failover Plugin (& ODRLIB), Java
ODR, DataPower
Plugin (& ODRLIB), DataPower
HTTP Session replication DRS provided, WXS or DB WXS or DB
JMS Providers Internal, MQ, 3rd party Internal, MQ, 3rd party
Integrated Clustered JMS Provider Yes No (use WMQ)
Recoverable 2PC Transactions XA, OTS, WS-AT XA
Peer recovery Automated, Manual Manual
Central management scale Cell:100s of servers Collective: 10s of 1000s of servers
Central mgmt replicas & failover No Yes
Server config auto-sync Yes No
Web management GUI Complete Partial
Scripting support wsadmin(JACL, Jython) Any, jython samples
Dynamic clusters Yes
Yes
Assisted lifecycle - Full profile
Auto-scaling – Collectives
Health policies Yes Not yet
Application editions Yes No
29

31. Security services
• Liberty has:
• Out of the box…
– localhost only, minimal ports opened
– no default userids or passwords
– remote admin always secured
• Registries
– Simple registry in server.xml to get started
– Federated LDAPs or SAF for production
– also Custom User Registry, TAI, JAAS Login
• Oauth, OpenID, OpenID Connect
• LTPA, SPNEGO
• Remaining gaps:
• SAML
• Enhanced Key and Certificate Management
• Auditing
• Local OS Registry (beyond z/OS SAF)
• Complete User Registry Federation (beyond LDAP/SAF)
• Fine-grained administration
• User and group management API
30

32. Disaster recovery with Liberty
• In general, same considerations as Full profile
• Useful reference: https://ibm.biz/BdRgTt
• Dual, independent collectives ideally in separate data centers
• Back up all configuration files on each change
• Restore server configurations to new hosts if necessary; rejoin
members to collective if hostnames are different
• Transactions
• Server config/transaction logs can be restored on a different
host
• Message store
• File-based so can be backed-up/restored to same or new host
• Configuration in server.xml can be copied to new host/server
and used with existing message store
31

33. Pros and Cons

34. Benefits of WAS Full profile
• It costs nothing to move (if you’re already there)
• Still has more function than Liberty
• Full API, full admin console, security options
• Some applications can’t move or would take too much effort
• Uses existing admin skills and assets
• plus larger existing body of knowledge/information
• more training courses available
• Integrated with more products for management/production
• Common stack for key Portfolio products
• Portal server, BPM
33

35. Benefits of WAS Liberty profile
• Smaller, simpler, faster to set up
• common dev and prod runtimes
• More flexible to install, update, manage
• packaged server ‘master image’ deployments are popular
• Composable, right-sized runtimes
• More choice of deployment environments
• Bluemix, other PaaS, containers
• Liberty z/OS higher throughput, lower resource use
• Servers of any edition can be centrally managed (not clustered)
• Greater management scale with collectives than cells
• Earlier support of new technology through continuous delivery
• Cheaper, faster VtoV migration once you are there
34

36. Performance comparisons
• Liberty is lighter-weight:
• server start time
• app deploy time
• memory footprint
• disk footprint
35

37. Request throughput similar, except on z/OS
36
z/OS

38. What do we advise?
• Happy using WAS full profile?
• stay there, you don’t have to move
• full profile remains fully supported and strategic
• Using open source servers for development?
• switch to liberty to get higher efficiency and easier deployment to full
profile
• Planning a new app / deployment?
• Consider Liberty for a flexible topology that can expand as needed
• Thinking of moving to the cloud?
• IaaS: both full and liberty profiles behave well in an IaaS
• PaaS: Liberty is the best choice here
• Have a mixed app server environment (WAS + tomcat, JBoss etc)?
• Simplify to WAS using full and liberty profiles
• Easy to move applications between servers as needs change
• Use cells for full profile and lightweight collectives for Liberty
• Use hybrid management for a single point of control
37

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