There is an urgent need to protect our forest

1. NEED FOR CONSERVATION OF FOREST
AND WILDLIFE IN AN ECOSYSTEM
VILASINI.M(16BLA1030)
SUBHIKSHA.T(16BLA1031)

2. Threats to Wildlife
● Deforestation is also one of the main reasons for the loss of wildlife. Mass killings of wild animals for
their meat, bones, fur, teeth, hair, skin, etc., are going on throughout the world. Therefore, the need for
wildlife conservation has now become a necessity.
● Population growth, expansion of agriculture and livestock raising building of cities and roads, and
pollution are among the many pressures on the natural habitat of wildlife.
● Along with illegal hunting, habitat reduction and its degradation has threatened the bio-diversity of the
regions where these are rampant. Preservation of wildlife does not mean a blanket protection to all
faunal and floral species; rather, it implies a proper, judicious control over the multiplication of plants
and animals, which interact together to provide a proper environment to man whose very existence is
in peril today

3. HABITUAL
DESTRUCTION
Habitat destruction decreases the number of
places wildlife can live in. Habitat
fragmentation breaks up a continuous tract of
habitat, often dividing large wildlife
populations into several smaller ones. Human-
caused habitat loss and fragmentation are
primary drivers of species declines and
extinctions. Key examples of human-induced
habitat loss include deforestation, agricultural
expansion, and urbanization. Habitat
destruction and fragmentation can increase
the vulnerability of wildlife populations by
reducing the space and resources available to
them and by increasing the likelihood of
conflict with humans. Moreover, destruction
and fragmentation create smaller habitats.
Smaller habitats support smaller populations,
and smaller populations are more likely to go
extinct.

4. OVEREXPLOIT
ATION
Overexploitation is the harvesting of animals
and plants at a rate that's faster than the
species's ability to recover. While often
associated with overfishing, overexploitation
can apply to many groups including mammals,
birds, amphibians, reptiles, and plants.The
danger of overexploitation is that if too many
individuals of a species are taken, then the
species may not recover.For example,
overfishing of top marine predatory fish like
tuna and salmon over the past century has led
to a decline in fish sizes as well as fish
numbers

5. POACHING
Poaching for illegal wildlife trading is a major
threat to certain species, particularly
endangered ones whose status makes them
economically valuable.[7] Such species include
many large mammals like African elephants,
tigers, and rhinoceros. [traded for their tusks,
skins, and horns respectively].[7][8] Less well-
known targets of poaching include the harvest
of protected plants and animals for souvenirs,
food, skins, pets, and more; Because
poachers tend to target threatened and
endangered species, poaching causes
already small populations to decline even
further

6. CLIMATE
CHANGE
Humans are responsible for present-day climate
change currently changing Earth's environmental
conditions. It is related to some of the
aforementioned threats to wildlife like habitat
destruction and pollution. Rising temperatures,
melting ice sheets, changes in precipitation
patterns, severe droughts, more frequent heat
waves, storm intensification, and rising sea levels
are some of the effects of climate change.
Phenomena like droughts, heatwaves, intense
storms, and rising sea levels, directly lead to
habitat destruction. Meanwhile, a warming
climate, fluctuating precipitation, and changing
weather patterns will impact species ranges.
Overall, the effects of climate change increase
stress on ecosystems, and species unable to cope
with rapidly changing conditions will go extinct.
While modern climate change is caused by
humans, past climate change events occurred
naturally and have led to extinctions

7. UNDER
THREAT

8. Role of Ministry in Wildlife Conservation measures

9. INSPECTION
Under the Act, local authorities are required to carry out periodic inspections of licensed
zoos. Offences under the Act can be divided into three categories:
1) Offence of Hunting (or Picking, Uprooting, etc., of Specified Plants)
2) Offences relating to Unauthorized Possession, Transport and Trade
3) Offences relating to Protected Areas/Habitat Destruction

10. WILDLIFE ADVISORY BOARD
It shall consist of the Minister in charge of Forests in the State or Union territory as the
Chairman. If there is no such minister, then the Chief Secretary will be the Chairman of the
Board. The other members are, two members of the State Legislature or Legislature of Union
Territory; Secretary to the state government or the government of the union territory, in charge
of forests; the Forest officer in charge of the State Forest Department; an officer nominated by
the Director of Wildlife Preservation; Chief wildlife warden; officers of the state government
not exceeding 5; and such other persons, not exceeding 10, who in the opinion of the state
government, are interested in the protection of wildlife, including the representatives of tribals
not exceeding

11. DUTIES OF THE BOARD
a) In the selection of areas to be declared as Sanctuaries, National Parks and Closed areas and the administration
thereof
b) In formulation of the policy for protection and conservation of wildlife and specified plants;
c) In any matter relating to the amendment of any schedule;
d) In relation to the measure to be taken for harmonizing the needs of the tribals and other dwellers of the forests
with the protection and conservation of wildlife;
e) In any other matter connected with the protection of wildlife which may be referred to it by the state government.

12. SUGGESTION
S AND
RECOMMEND
ATION
1. Introducing afforestation
programs.
2. Controlling forest fires.
3. Proper utilization of forest
resources.
4. Proper care should be taken to
protect the forests from pests
and diseases.
FOR FOREST

13. FOR WILDLIFE
1. Developing protective areas such as
national parks, wildlife sanctuaries to
protect the animals in their natural
habitat.
2. The endangered and vulnerable
species can be kept in captivity in
places such as zoos and bred to
increase their population.
3. The cutting of forests should be
strictly prohibited. It is an abode of a
variety of wild animals.
4. Hunting of wild animals should be
banned.