A Keynote Address at International FDP on Teaching Efficacy Teaching Skills: Reinforcement and Stimulus Variation, 23 Feb 2022, St. Joseph University, Nagaland & SM By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria Associate Professor University of Delhi

1. 23rd February, 2022
St. Joseph University, Nagaland &
Special Minds International
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

2. Reinforcement
How?
What?
Why?
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

3. Operant
(Response)
Reinforcing
Stimulus
Strengthened
Operant or
Response
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

4. Action
Type
Strengthen Reinforcement
Positive
Addition
Negative
Withdrawal
Occurrence of Desirable Behaviour
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

5. Continuous
Reinforcement
•Time
•Number
Intermittent
Reinforcement
•Time
•Number
Scheduling Reinforcement
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

6. Components
Desirable Behaviour
Positive Verbal
Positive Non-Verbal
Extra Verbal
Undesirable Behaviour
Negative Verbal
Negative Non-Verbal
Improper and Wrong
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

7. Verbal
Words
Statement
Repeat
Paraphrasing
Non-
Verbal
Gestures
Movement
Extra
Verbal
Sound &
Movement
Cues &
Voice Tones
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

8. Sources of Error
Improper Frequency
Not All, But A Few
No Variety
Use of Token
Individual v/s Whole Group
Late Reinforcement
No Name
No Meaning
Less Positive, More Negative
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

9. Stimulus Variation
How?
What?
Why?
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

10. Sensory
Attention
Changing
Stimulus
Strengthened
Attention
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

11. Sources of
Attention
Intensity
Contrast
Movement
Size
Novelty
Change
Unusual
Verbal
Things
Systematic
Appearance
Self-
Involvement
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

12. Activity
Discussion
Q & A
Demonstration
Experiment
Aids
Non-Digital
Digital
Alertness
Dull, Lazy,
Monotonous
Stimulating,
Energetic,
Creative
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

13. Action
Type
Vary Stimulus
Verbal
Added
Attention
Non-Verbal
Added
Attention
Extra Verbal
Added
Attention
Strengthening of Attention
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

14. Continuous
Variation
•Time
•Number
Intermittent
Variation
•Time
•Number
Scheduling Stimulus Variation
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

15. Verbal
SV
Speech Pattern
Tone
Volume
Speed
Focusing
Content
Self
Others
Interaction Style
Teacher-Class
Teacher-Pupil
Pupil-Pupil
Oral-Visual
Switching
Oral to Visual
Visual to Oral
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

16. Non-
Verbal
SV
Movement
Near Blackboard
Near Student/s
Unusual Place
Pointing
Using Head
Using Hand
Using Eyes
Gestures
Shape
Size
Expressions
Pausing
Oral to Silence
Visual to Silence
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

17. Sources of Error
Improper Frequency
Not All, But A Few
No Variety
Use of Token
Individual v/s Whole Group
Late Variation
No Focusing with Name
Irrelevant Variation
Balance Between Variety
23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland

18. 23-02-2022
VKK@Nagaland