1) Addition involves combining numbers to find a total sum. The order of the numbers does not change the sum. When adding multi-digit numbers, you start with the ones place and work left. 2) Subtraction finds the difference between a starting number and the number removed. You may need to regroup tens into ones when subtracting multi-digit numbers. 3) Multiplication is used to find the total when there are a certain number of equal groups. When multiplying multi-digit numbers, you start with the ones place and work left.

1. Addition , Subtraction ,
Multiplication

3. Addittion
The sum is always greater than
the numbers being
added,Except when one of the
numbers being added is
0(zero).

4. example
3
1
4

5. When you change the order of numbers while
adding,the sum doesn’t change.
14+13=27
13+14=27

6. • The sum of zero and any number is the
same number .
• 21+0=21
• 0+33=33

7. • When you add 1 to a number the answer is
the number after.
• 8+1=9
• 1+25=26

8. Adding bigger numbers
• Adding bigger numbers is a lot like adding
3-digit numbers.start with the ones Then
move on to the hundreds and so on.

9. • There were 2392 peoples on the first day of
the book fair and 5106 people on the second
day. How many people on both the days?
• 2392+5106=?

10. • Step 1:add the ones
THOUSANDS HUNDREDS
TENS
ONES
2
3
9
2
5
1
0
6
8

11. Step 2:add the tens
THOUSANDS
HUNDREDS
TENS
ONES
2
5
3
1
9
0
2
6
8
9

12. Step 3:add the hundreds
Thousands Hundred
Tens
Ones
2
3
9
2
5
1
0
6
4
9
8

13. Step 4:add the thousands
Thousands Hundreds
Tens
Ones
2
3
9
2
5
1
0
6
7
4
9
8

14. Word Problems
• Anagha collects match box covers.She has
96 of them.her friend,Shakti has 19 more
than Anagha.How many match box does
Shakti have?
+1
• 96+19=?
96
•
+19
•
11 5

15. • There were 728 girls in the girls
section.There were 900 boys in the boys
section.How many childrens are there in
all?
• 900+728=?
900
•
+ 728
•
16 2 8

16. Subtraction
The answer in
subtraction is
called difference.

17. Examples
2
1
1

18. Remember
12-0=12
When we subtract
zero from a number
, the answer is
itself.
14-14=0
When we
subtract a
number from
itself , the
answer is
always 0.

19. Using subtraction
• To find out what was taken away
• We use subtraction when we know the
original number and what is left over but
need to find out what was taken away.

20. • Eighteen children were on the swing.Some children
went home.there are now five children on the
swing.How many children went home?18-?=5
• We can find the answer by subtraction.
• 18-5=13
so, 18 – 13 = 5
• Ans-13 children went home.

21. To find out how many more needed
• We use subtraction when we have to find
out how many more to be added to get
the given number.

22. • Varuns mother needs 15 apples to make fruit
salad.She has 9 apples.How many more does she
need? 9+?=15.
• This can be solved using subtraction
• 15-9=? 15-9 = 6
so,9+6=15
• Ans – Varuns mother needs 6 more apples for the
fruit salad.

23. Subtracting 3-digit numbers
• Regrouping tens to ones.
• Sometimes when you subtract,you may
not have enough ones.You may have to
regroup 1 to tens.

24. • 573 peoples came for exibition in the
morning.256 people left in afternoon.How
many are still at the exibition? 573-256=?

25. Step 1.subtract the ones
Hundreds
Tens
5
2
6
5
Ones
7
12
6
6
3

26. Step2.subtract the tens
Hundreds
Tens
5
2
6 7
Ones
12
5
6
1
6
3

27. Step3.subtract the hundreds
Hundreds
Tens
5
6
Ones
7
12
2
5
6
3
1
6
3

28. Word problems
• Janes book has 77 pages.Last night she read
22 pages.How many more pages to read?
• 77
• - 22
• 55

29. Multiplication
When each group has the
same number , we use
multiplication to find out
how many are there in
all.

30. •
2
3groups of 2 each is
6.
2
2
3 *
2
6
=
6

31. Remember
• Any number multiplied by 1 is that number itself
• Any number multiplied by 0 is always 0.
• The order of numbers being multiplied does not
matter.

32. Multiplying 3-digit numbers
• Lorries carry motorbikes over long
distances.If each lorry can carry 132
motorbikes.How many bikes will 3 such
lorries carry ? 132*3=

33. Step 1.multiply the ones
Hundreds
Tens
Ones
1
3
2
3
6

34. Step 2.multiply the tens
Hundreds
tens
Ones
1
3
2
3
9
6

35. Step 3.multiply the hundreds
hundreds
tens
Ones
1
3
2
3
3
9
6
Ans – 369 motorbikes would be carried by 3 lorries.

36. Word problems
• 23 buses , each carrying 13 school children were
taken to the book fair.How many children went to
the book fair ? 23*13 = 299
2 3
•
1 3
•
6 9
•
2 3 0
•
2
9 9

37. •
•
•
•
•
•
Revision
480+309
723+168
184+272
639+384
376+921
246+389
Add
these
sums

38. Subtract and multiply
•
•
•
•
•
•
983-126
728*45
859-666
900-700
800*69
231*2
132*96
895-56
300-142