I need a 500-word essay on Thread: Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be Studied Safely in Kansas? Top of Form Bruce Knight argues that although the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s research facility at Plum Island, New York, has served well since it was built over half a century ago, modern technology is capable of ensuring safety at a mainland facility, which would also be cheaper to operate, more easily accessible, and more responsive to potential disease threats. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_Island_Animal_Disease_Center Plum Island Animal Disease Center of New York ( PIADCNY ) is a United States federal research facility dedicated to the study of animal diseases . It is part of the DHS Directorate for Science and Technology . Location and description The center is located on Plum Island near the northeast coast of Long Island in New York state. Any wild mammal seen on the island is killed to prevent the possible outbreak of foot and mouth disease. [1] Replacement facility On September 11, 2005, DHS announced that the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Center will be replaced by a new federal facility. The location of the new high-security animal disease lab, to be called the National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF), has been recommended to be built in Manhattan, Kansas . [11] However, this plan has been called into question by a 2009 Government Accountability Office study, which states that claims by DHS that the work on foot and mouth disease performed on Plum Island can be performed "as safely on the mainland" is "not supported" by evidence. [12] In 2012, DHS completed a risk assessment of the Kansas site that called the proposed facility "safe and secure". [13] However, a 2012 review of the risk assessment by the National Research Council called it "seriously flawed". [14] References 1. "Bioterrorism Fears Revive Waning Interest In Agricultural Disease Lab on Plum Island" . The Wall Street Journal. 2002-01-08. Retrieved 2008-05-17. 11. "DHS: DHS Issues Record of Decision on Proposed National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility" . Dhs.gov. Retrieved 2011-08-10. 12. "Study spurs request to not phase out Plum Island" . Newsday.com. 2009-07-31. Retrieved 2011-08-10. 13. "DHS Issues Updated Site-Specific Risk Assessment For Proposed National Bio And Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF)" . dhs.gov. 14.  "Officials press feds for NBAF" . LJWorld.com. External links •  Official website (Wikipedia® February 18) https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/plum-island-animal-disease-center Department of Homeland Security Plum Island Animal Disease Center Location: Orient Point, NY Since 1954, the DHS S&T Office of National Laboratories (ONL) Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) has served as the nation’s premier defense against accidental or intentional introduction of transboundary animal diseases (a.k.a. foreign animal diseases) including foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). PIADC is the only labor.

1. I need a 500-word essay on Thread: Can Infectious Animal
Diseases Be Studied Safely in Kansas?
Top of Form
Bruce Knight
argues that although the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s
research facility at Plum Island, New York, has served well
since it was built over half a century ago, modern technology is
capable of ensuring safety at a mainland facility, which would
also be cheaper to operate, more easily accessible, and more
responsive to potential disease threats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_Island_Animal_Disease_Ce
nter
Plum Island Animal Disease Center of New York
(
PIADCNY
) is a
United States
federal research facility dedicated to the study of
animal diseases
. It is part of the
DHS Directorate for Science and Technology
.
Location and description
The center is located on
Plum Island
near the northeast coast of
Long Island
in
New York
state. Any wild mammal seen on the island is killed to prevent
the possible outbreak of foot and mouth disease.

2. [1]
Replacement facility
On September 11, 2005, DHS announced that the Plum Island
Animal Disease Research Center will be replaced by a new
federal facility. The location of the new high-security animal
disease lab, to be called the
National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility
(NBAF), has been recommended to be built in
Manhattan, Kansas
.
[11]
However, this plan has been called into question by a 2009
Government Accountability Office
study, which states that claims by DHS that the work on
foot and mouth disease
performed on Plum Island can be performed "as safely on the
mainland" is "not supported" by evidence.
[12]
In 2012, DHS completed a risk assessment of the Kansas site
that called the proposed facility "safe and secure".
[13]
However, a 2012 review of the risk assessment by the
National Research Council
called it "seriously flawed".
[14]
References
1.
"Bioterrorism Fears Revive Waning Interest In Agricultural
Disease Lab on Plum Island"
. The Wall Street Journal. 2002-01-08. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
11.

3. "DHS: DHS Issues Record of Decision on Proposed National
Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility"
. Dhs.gov. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
12.
"Study spurs request to not phase out Plum Island"
. Newsday.com. 2009-07-31. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
13.
"DHS Issues Updated Site-Specific Risk Assessment For
Proposed National Bio And Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF)"
. dhs.gov.
14.
"Officials press feds for NBAF"
. LJWorld.com.
External links
•
Official website
(Wikipedia® February 18)
https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/plum-island-
animal-disease-center
Department of Homeland Security
Plum Island Animal Disease Center
Location: Orient Point, NY

4. Since 1954, the DHS S&T Office of National Laboratories
(ONL) Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) has served
as the nation’s premier defense against accidental or intentional
introduction of transboundary animal diseases (a.k.a. foreign
animal diseases) including foot-and-mouth disease (FMD).
PIADC is the only laboratory in the nation that can work on live
FMD virus (FMDV). The lab and its staff of nearly 400
employees provide a host of high-impact, indispensable
preparedness and response capabilities, including vaccine R&D,
diagnostics, training, and bioforensics among others.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_Island_(New_York)
Plum Island
is an
island
in the
Town of Southold
in
Suffolk County
,
New York
in the
United States
. The island is situated in
Gardiners Bay
, east of
Orient Point
, off the eastern end of the
North Fork
coast of
Long Island
. It is about 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 1-mile (1.6 km) wide at
its widest point.
[1]

5. Access to the island is controlled by the
United States Department of Homeland Security
(DHS).
History
As one result of the heightened national security initiatives
following the attacks on the United States on September 11,
2001, Plum Island was considered as a potential site for a new
high-security animal disease lab,
National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility
(NBAF). In September 2008, the U.S. Congress passed
Public Law 110-329
(Sec. 540 - New York) that directed the
General Services Administration
(GSA) to close the PIADC, sell the Island to the public, and to
use the proceeds towards the construction of the NBAF, if it
were decided that NBAF would be built elsewhere. In January
2009, the
United States Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) selected the City of
Manhattan, Kansas
, as the site for the NBAF, and decided to relocate the PIADC
there as well.
[9]
However, the decline in real estate values stemming from the
subprime mortgage crisis
and
late-2000s recession
caused the sale of the Island to be considered no longer viable.
Because the proceeds from selling the Island were needed to
construct the new facility in Kansas, the project was effectively
cancelled for the short term when the
2013 federal budget
request contained no funding for the new facility.
[10]

6. As part of the planned sale of Plum Island, the United States
Government has been preparing an
Environmental Impact Statement
(EIS) for the Island, one objective of which is to determine
whether the impact of nearly sixty years of animal testing on the
Island constitutes a threat to public health that could preclude
the planned sale.
[11]
References
Notes
1.
Corey Kilgannon (September 14, 2016).
"Home to High-Security Lab and Source of Rumors, Plum
Island Faces Uncertain Future"
.
The New York Times
.
9.
http://www.newsday.com/long-island/epa-seeks-environmental-
review-before-plum-island-sale-1.1981828
Newsday, "EPA seeks environmental review before Plum Island
sale", June 4, 2010
10.
Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit (14 February 2012).
"Planned Kansas Biodefense Laboratory Over the Rainbow?"
. ScienceInsider. American Association for the Advancement of
Science. Retrieved 14 February 2012.
11.
"Record of Decision for the National Bio and Agro-Defense

7. Facility Environmental Impact Statement"
. Federal Register. January 16, 2009.
(Wikipedia® January 27, 2017)
Ray L. Wulf
argues that an island location is much more effective at
containing infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease.
A mainland research facility would permit unhampered spread
of such diseases throughout the continental United States, with
devastating consequences for the agricultural economy. Modern
technology is not adequate to ensure safety, and federal, state,
and local authorities are not prepared to deal with an outbreak.
https://www.americanfarmersandranchers.com/our-
history#history-presidents
American Farmers & Ranchers Mutual Insurance Company.
The history of American Farmers & Ranchers is rich with
culture and growth and began with the membership services
organization Oklahoma Farmers Union.
OFU State Presidents
2000-2009 Ray L. Wulf
Reply
Quote
Email Author
Bottom of Form
Hide 2 replies

8. [removed]
Message Read
Mark as Unread
Message Not Flagged
Set Flag
22 days ago
Brian Ryan
RE: Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be Studied Safely in
Kansas?
Collapse
Top of Form
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-35581830
BBC
When foot-and-mouth disease stopped the UK in its tracks
Claire Bates
February 17, 2016
Fifteen years ago foot-and-mouth disease led to the culling of
millions of animals and the UK losing billions of pounds. Could
it happen again?
Officially, there were 2,000 cases of foot-and-mouth in the 2001
UK outbreak. But that doesn't do justice to the horrendous toll
of the disease.
Each of those cases meant a farm having all of its livestock
killed and burned. By the time the last case was confirmed at

9. Whygill Head Farm in Appleby, Cumbria, on 30 September
2001, more than six million sheep, cattle and pigs had been
slaughtered.
https://www.nao.org.uk/report/the-2001-outbreak-of-foot-and-
mouth-disease/
National Audit Office
The 2001 Outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease
Foot and mouth disease was confirmed at an abattoir in Essex
on 20 February 2001. By the time the disease had been
eradicated in September 2001, more than 6 million animals had
been slaughtered: over 4 million for disease control purposes;
and over 2 million for welfare reasons.
A National Audit Office report to Parliament today on the
handling of the 2001 foot and mouth outbreak showed that the
outbreak cost the public sector over £3 billion and the private
sector more than £5 billion.
Bottom of Form
http://www.k-state.edu/nbaf/#q1/
National Bio and Agro-defense Facility
Leveraging the National Bio and Agro-defense Facility
The National Bio and Agro-defense Facility, or NBAF, is the
U.S. Department of Homeland Security's foremost animal
disease research facility.
The $1.25 billion facility is a biosafety level-4 laboratory and
will replace the aging Plum Island Animal Disease Center in

10. New York. NBAF is expected to be operational by 2022-2023.
After a three-year site selection process, Manhattan, Kansas,
was selected as the location for NBAF. The facility is under
construction on Kansas State University's Manhattan campus
and is adjacent to the university's
Biosecurity Research Institute
. This strategic location places NBAF near important veterinary,
agricultural and biosecurity research and expertise.