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CONSTRUCTION
METHODS
Construction Methods

The modern framing construction methods rely on large and heavy material such as
steel and 

All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
concrete
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
To handle them, modern construction methods are completely dependent on heavy equipments
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
and various others
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
to lift and to secure framing members in places.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
For modern construction, modern roads are needed for transporting
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
heavy equipments
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
and materials.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
In developing areas where there are no modern roads, first, they have to be built using heavy
equipments and professional workers.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
For modern construction practices, skill workers are a must
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
as well as scaffoldings. Preparation works such as these take time for construction.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Also, the typical buildings with two force member framing systems such as column-and-beam
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
that requires to be pinned at both ends
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
need to be encased with finishing materials.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Buildings using wall-construction method
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
needs finishing materials.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Another form of construction method is the use of trusses.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
For construction of large structures such as bridges, trusses are greatly used.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Trusses are also used for spanning long distance such as roof which provides large space with
columns far apart.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
One such truss system creating large expanse of space is called spaceframe.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Spaceframe consist of placing together pyramid shapes side by side and interchanging their square
bases at top and bottom.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
Trusses are also used as girders (beams).
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
and columns.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Use of truss systems allows cantilever construction method which eliminates the need of scaffolding.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Terraced structured land or TSL is composed of trusses.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
The surface on which spaces are erected is spaceframe
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
The girders that support spaceframe are integral part of the spaceframe
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
where another pyramid is placed on the bottom of the perimeter to form a row of a modular shaped
as such.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
The columns are also trusses.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
Unlike the truss constructions of past where large members require heavy equipments for their
placements,
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
TSL framing members (white for spaceframe, blue and red for girders and green for columns) are all
assembled manually.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
Where past cantilever constructions based their frames on truss utilization,
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
the present framings utilize various other systems.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
For terraced structured land construction system, there is no substitute for trusses.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
With the intellectual property joint for TSL, various truss framings are use for construction
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
of Terraced Structured Land.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
The length and weight of the framing members for all the trusses which form platforms, girders and
columns are short and light for easy handling by a person.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
All framing members are steel pipes with hollow steel sections subject mainly to tension and
compression forces with very minor bending.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
OBJECTIVE OF
TRUSS
What is the objective of truss? The purpose is to fabricate long, strong and/or light framing members
such as
columns
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
and girders
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
with smaller materials to form triangles in sequences.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
The terraced structured land is constructed by forming various size and shaped triangles placed
continuously for columns, girders and platforms.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
These trusses can be assembled at site manually without the need of
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
equipments and
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
skilled workers.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
The TSL framing system and construction methods are developed so it can be built without
modern road networks
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
various equipments
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
and professional workers.
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
Common people without skill wanting to work
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
can erect numerous TSL bays simultaneously
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
with hand tools
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
providing employment opportunities to many people and
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
creating compact cities.
TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
We cannot continue with the 20th century construction and development practices of continually
increasing the human footprint.
The 21st century construction of TSLs

TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
will reduce the human footprint,
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
begin to reverse the climatic problems,
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
environmental problems and
All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
improve the quality-of-living standards to all the people.
In all development areas, TSL will bring forth 21st century cities and lifestyles that will
reduce the human footprint and return much of the human occupied land back to nature so all other
lives can continue.

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TSL Construction Methods

  • 1. CONSTRUCTION METHODS Construction Methods The modern framing construction methods rely on large and heavy material such as
  • 2. steel and All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 3. concrete All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 4. To handle them, modern construction methods are completely dependent on heavy equipments All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 5. and various others All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 6. to lift and to secure framing members in places. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 7. For modern construction, modern roads are needed for transporting All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 8. heavy equipments All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 9. and materials. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 10. In developing areas where there are no modern roads, first, they have to be built using heavy equipments and professional workers. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 11. For modern construction practices, skill workers are a must All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 12. as well as scaffoldings. Preparation works such as these take time for construction. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 13. Also, the typical buildings with two force member framing systems such as column-and-beam All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 14. that requires to be pinned at both ends All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 15. need to be encased with finishing materials. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 16. Buildings using wall-construction method All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 17. needs finishing materials. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 18. Another form of construction method is the use of trusses. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 19. For construction of large structures such as bridges, trusses are greatly used. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 20. Trusses are also used for spanning long distance such as roof which provides large space with columns far apart. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 21. One such truss system creating large expanse of space is called spaceframe. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 22. Spaceframe consist of placing together pyramid shapes side by side and interchanging their square bases at top and bottom. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 23. Trusses are also used as girders (beams). TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 24. and columns. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 25. Use of truss systems allows cantilever construction method which eliminates the need of scaffolding. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 26. Terraced structured land or TSL is composed of trusses. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 27. The surface on which spaces are erected is spaceframe TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 28. The girders that support spaceframe are integral part of the spaceframe TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 29. where another pyramid is placed on the bottom of the perimeter to form a row of a modular shaped as such. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 30. The columns are also trusses. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 31. Unlike the truss constructions of past where large members require heavy equipments for their placements, All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 32. TSL framing members (white for spaceframe, blue and red for girders and green for columns) are all assembled manually. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 33. Where past cantilever constructions based their frames on truss utilization, All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 34. the present framings utilize various other systems. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 35. For terraced structured land construction system, there is no substitute for trusses. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 36. With the intellectual property joint for TSL, various truss framings are use for construction TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 37. of Terraced Structured Land. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 38. The length and weight of the framing members for all the trusses which form platforms, girders and columns are short and light for easy handling by a person. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 39. All framing members are steel pipes with hollow steel sections subject mainly to tension and compression forces with very minor bending. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 40. OBJECTIVE OF TRUSS What is the objective of truss? The purpose is to fabricate long, strong and/or light framing members such as
  • 41. columns All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 42. and girders All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 43. with smaller materials to form triangles in sequences. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 44. The terraced structured land is constructed by forming various size and shaped triangles placed continuously for columns, girders and platforms. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 45. These trusses can be assembled at site manually without the need of TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 46. equipments and All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 47. skilled workers. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 48. The TSL framing system and construction methods are developed so it can be built without
  • 49. modern road networks All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 50. various equipments All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 51. and professional workers. All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 52. Common people without skill wanting to work All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 53. can erect numerous TSL bays simultaneously TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 54. with hand tools All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 55. providing employment opportunities to many people and All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 56. creating compact cities. TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 57. We cannot continue with the 20th century construction and development practices of continually increasing the human footprint.
  • 58. The 21st century construction of TSLs TSL Computer Graphics by Mark Eakle
  • 59. will reduce the human footprint, All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 60. begin to reverse the climatic problems, All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 61. environmental problems and All photo images are owned by respective rights owners
  • 62. improve the quality-of-living standards to all the people.
  • 63. In all development areas, TSL will bring forth 21st century cities and lifestyles that will
  • 64. reduce the human footprint and return much of the human occupied land back to nature so all other lives can continue.