Sleep disorders basics
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Basics of the disorders of sleep. Can be used for teaching of UG Medical students.
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Sleep disorders basics
- 1. Uddip Talukdar MD (Psychiatry)
- 2. • Sleep is a regular, recurrent and easily reversible state that is characterized by relative quiescence and a great increase in the in the threshold of response to external stimuli relative to the waking state. Uddip Talukdar
- 3. Uddip Talukdar Stages of sleep • REM • NREM – Stage I, II, III, IV
- 5. NREM stages Uddip Talukdar
- 6. Uddip Talukdar Typical sleep pattern
- 7. Uddip Talukdar Sleep disorders • Insomnia • Hypersomnia • Parasomnia
- 8. Uddip Talukdar Insomnia • Difficulty in – Falling asleep – Maintaining sleep – Refreshing sleep
- 9. Uddip Talukdar Insomnia: Treatment • Benzodiazepines • Zolpidem, Zeleplon • SLEEP-HYGIENE
- 10. Uddip Talukdar Sleep-hygiene Arise at same time daily Limit daily in bed time to premorbid level Avoid stimulants Avoid day time naps Graded exercise at early day time Avoid evening stimulation , watching TV Hot, 20 min bath Regular meals- no heavy meal at bedtime Practice relaxation Maintain comfortable sleeping conditions
- 11. Uddip Talukdar Hypersomnia • Excessive day time sleepiness • Sleep attacks • Sleep drunkenness (Prolonged full awakening) • Rx: Stimulants
- 12. Disorders of Sleep-Wake schedule • Out of synchrony with the desired sleep-wake Uddip Talukdar pattern because of societal demands and shared by most people in the individual’s surroundings – Delayed sleep phase – Jet lag – Shift work
- 13. Uddip Talukdar Parasomnias • Nightmare Disorder (REM) • Sleep Terror Disorder (NREM) • Sleepwalking disorder (NREM) • REM sleep behaviour disorder (Acting out the dream) • Sleeptalking (REM/ NREM) • Sleep related head banging (NREM)
- 14. Uddip Talukdar Obstructive Sleep apnoea syndrome • Apnoeic spells during sleep • Rx: – Nasal continuous airway pressure –Weight loss
- 15. Uddip Talukdar NARCOLEPSY • Daytime sleepiness, with • Early REM sleeps • Hypnagogic hallucinations • Sleep paralysis • Potentially dangerous condition.
- 16. Secondary Sleep disorders Uddip Talukdar • Insomnia: • Hypersomnia:
- 17. Uddip Talukdar Happiest people are those, who can sleep anytime, anywhere, and as long they want to.
- 18. Uddip Talukdar Sleep well, always……