Role Of The Gut Microbiome In Reducing Antimicrobial Use In Swine - Dr. Megan Niederwerder, Assistant Professor, Kansas State University, from the 2018 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium: New Science & Technology Tools for Antibiotic Stewardship, November 13-15, 2018, Overland Park, KS, USA. More presentations at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8ZKJKD9cmEffjOrjbBvQZeN2_SZB_Skc

1. Role of the gut microbiome in
reducing antimicrobial use in swine
Megan C. Niederwerder, DVM, PhD
Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
College of Veterinary Medicine
Kansas State University

2. “…the ecological community of commensal,
symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms
that literally share our body space”
Microbiome
symbiotic pathogenic
Lederberg, J. and A. T. McCray. 2001. 'Ome Sweet 'Omics - a genealogical treasury of words. Scientist, 15.

3. Microbiome Development
Adapted from Niederwerder, 2017

4. Absorption, Metabolism
and Storage of Calories
Roles of the Microbiome
Development and
Regulation of Immunity
Protective
Barrier Function

5. Influenza virus
Endogenous gut microbiota
(Wu et al., 2013)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Microbiome diversity in gut
(Schuijt et al., 2016)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Helicobacter species in gut
(Arnold et al., 2015)
Respiratory syncytial virus
Lactobacillus johnsonii in gut
(Fujimura et al., 2014)
Gut Microbiome and Respiratory Infections
Gut-lung axis
Infectious respiratory disease is a leading cause
of morbidity and antimicrobial use in swine

6. Microbiome
Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Weight Immunity
Human Infectious Respiratory Disease

7. Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Co-infection Model
Porcine reproductive and respiratory
syndrome virus (PRRSV)
+
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)

8. Are there microbiome
characteristics associated
with outcome after
PRRSV/PCV2 co-infection?

9. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT): Transplanting the
feces from a healthy donor into a diseased or young individual
– Increased microbial diversity, enhanced beneficial microbes, modulation
of systemic and mucosal immunity
Can prophylactic microbiome modulation
improve outcome to PRRSV/PCV2 co-infection?

10. Experimental Design
PRRSV/PCV2d
Challenge
Oral Transplant
Administered
Daily
Fecal Microbiota
Transplant
Niederwerder et al., 2018

11. Disease Outcome
Niederwerder et al., 2018
60% Reduction in
Antimicrobials
70% Reduction
in Mortality

12. Lung Lesions and Immunity
Niederwerder et al., 2018
LungWeighttoBodyWeightRatio

13. ↓ Antimicrobials
Fecal Transplantation
Characteristics of Improved Outcome
↑ Escherichia coli
↑ Ruminococcaceae
↑ Streptococcaceae
↓ Methanobacteriaceae
↓ Interstitial Pneumonia
↓ Virus Replication↓ Clinical Disease
↑ Average Daily Gain
↑ Diversity
Niederwerder et al., 2016; Ober et al., 2017; Niederwerder et al., 2018
↓ Mortality
Fecal Transplantation
↑ Antibodies
↓ Antimicrobials
↑ Lachnospiraceae
↑ Veillonellaceae

14. FMT: Beneficial for Diseases in Humans
Cohen and Maharshak, 2017

15. Niederwerder, 2018

16. Niederwerder et al., 2018
FMT: Potential Applications
Niederwerder, 2018

17. Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine Success for Young Investigators Grant
Program and start-up funds, USDA NIFA Award #2013-68004-20362, the State of Kansas National Bio and Agro-Defense
Facility Fund, and by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Derived Research and Development effort (14ERD081)
Bob Rowland
Maureen Sheahan
Joan Lunney
Jack Dekkers
Matthew Olcha
Rebecca Ober
Giselle Cino
Megan Potter
Laura Constance
Cathy Troupe
Dick Hesse
Samodha Fernando
Tom Burkey
Waseem Abbas
Vlad Petrovan
Crystal Jaing
James Thissen
Kevin McLoughlin
Ana Stoian