4. What is bipolar disorder?
• Mental Illness in which common emotions
become intensely and often unpredictably
magnified
• Those with bipolar disorder can quickly swing
from extremes of happiness, energy and clarity to
sadness, fatigue, and confusion
• All individuals will have manic episodes that last
at least a week and can impair functioning. Not
all become depressed
Prepared by Tooba Qaiser
5. Characteristics of bipolar disorder
• People with Bipolar Disorder can experience
“mood episodes”
• Overly joyful or overexcited state is called a manic
episode
• Extremely sad or hopeless state is called a
depressive episode
• Sometimes a mood episode can include both
types of symptoms, this is called a mixed state
• Extreme changes in energy, activity, sleep and
behavior can accompany these changes
Prepared by Tooba Qaiser
23. • Found out that ECT had similar levels of
effectiveness, both resulting in around a
50% remission rate.
Dierckx
et al,
2012
• The relapse rates are just as high as in
individuals who cease antidepressants; it
is likely that an individual will experience
a reoccurrence of symptoms which
necessitate further treatments.
Jelovac
et al,
2013
Prepared by Tooba Qaiser
