Running head EVALUATION OFNEIGHBORHOOD WATCH PROGRAM 1 .docx

Running head: EVALUATION OFNEIGHBORHOOD WATCH
PROGRAM 1
EVALUATION OF NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH PROGRAM
Abstract
There has been little work on the evaluation of neighborhood
watch programs in the past. However,
scholars and policy makers have increasingly shown interest in
identifying whether neighborhood
watch programs are effective. The studies conducted in the past
have limitations which make them
unable to precisely measure the effectiveness of neighborhood
watch programs. In response to

EVALUATION OF NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH PROGRAM 2
that, this paper proposes an elaborate evaluation technique
which can assist in accurately
determining the effectiveness of the existing neighborhood
watch programs. The paper does not
ignore the previous studies but instead explores them with the
aim of offering theoretical
background of the programs and also explores the proposed
techniques with the objective of
presenting a reliable and appropriate method of assessment.
Introduction
Neighborhood watch is also called neighborhood crime watch or
crime watch. It refers to the
organization of civilians into a group which is devoted to crime
or vandalism prevention within
their respective neighborhood. Neighborhood watch programs
aim at achieving a wide range of
objectives related to the security of their neighborhood. Some
of the objectives of this program
involve the educating community on security and safety of the
neighborhood and establishing

means of maintaining a safety neighborhood. This program
usually cooperate with law
enforcement agencies in such a way that if the neighborhood
watch group identifies a criminal
they are expected to inform the authorities and not to engage. It
is this attribute of the group that
differentiates it from vigilante groups.
In the United States there are numerous neighborhood watch
groups and Rosenbaum (1988),
estimated that 20% of American residents were involved in the
neighborhood watch activities by
1988. The organization and agenda of these groups vary but
they all maintain that their main
objectives are related to the promotion of secure neighborhood
and crime reduction. Current
systems of Neighborhood watch programs trace their origin
back in 1960. According to
Rasenberger (2006), the shocking events of the murder and rape
of Kitty Genovese compelled the
people to organize themselves into crime prevention groups.
Ever since the Neighborhood Watch

programs have developed nationwide with the assistance of the
National Sheriff's Association.
Various scholars have presented various analyses of these
programs with the aim of identifying
whether the programs are effective. These evaluations have
applied various approaches with some
having limitations which negatively influenced the results
obtained. This paper seeks to present a
reliable method of evaluating the programs with the aim of
shaping and improving them.
Different Neighborhood Watch groups operate differently and
the manner in which they operate
has significant impact on the community. Since they operate
within the area of expertise of the law
enforcement agencies, their actions also have implication on
crime prevention strategies of the
authorities. Therefore, the evaluation of this group will not only
improve the way they operate but
will also create a new understanding of crime prevention
strategies from the perspective of both
the authorities and neighborhood watch programs. This paper
seeks to pursue the line of reasoning
that an effective evaluation of neighborhood watch programs
can help identify an appropriate

framework in which these groups can operate and to establish a
constructive interaction of law
enforcement agencies and the neighborhood watch programs.
Evaluation of a program is supposed
to be an ongoing process, in the sense that one evaluation
creates a new platform on which other
evaluations can base their research. This will create a way in
which a better way of evaluating the
program can be established. Therefore, the outcome of this
paper is of great importance because it
can facilitate the establishment of a new paradigm through
which other future evaluations can
follow. Future evaluations can also improve ways through
which constructive criticism of the
approach presented in this article.
The paper seeks to explore ways through which the program in
question can be evaluated in order
to shape its operation. It explores a wide range of scholars who
evaluated the program in the past
as a means of giving the theoretical background of the program.
The aim of conducting such a

research is to present the academic background of the program
in order to provide a vivid
understanding of the theoretical framework of the program and
to create an appropriate model
which can be applied in a wide range of neighborhoods. In the
first section the paper gives various
reviews of different scholars regarding the topic in question.
This section will give the theory
which connects to the program or its desired goals. The second
section of the paper gives the
proposed methods of research which can apply in the evaluation
and it is in this section that the
study variables are presented and the methods of data collection
are elaborated. The third section
gives the conclusion derived from the given analysis of the
proposed method of evaluation as well
as the recommendations which emerge from the evaluation. The
evaluation of the program seeks
to answer critical questions regarding the program. Are
neighborhood watch programs effective?
What can be done to improve neighborhood watch programs?
What models can be applied in the
organization of the model?

Literature Review
It is important to note that previous studies have been
conducted to answer the research questions
presented in this paper. This was necessitated by the need to
comprehend the roles that
neighborhood watch program play in the national security.
Therefore, these scholars have tried to
analyze the modern neighborhood watch program ever since
1960s
The effectiveness of neighborhood watch programs can be
measured effectively only if the
objectives of the program are precisely identified. This can aid
in measuring the discrepancy
between the theoretical foundation of the program and what it
actually achieves. Laycock & Tilley
(1995) stated that neighborhood watch groups are supposed to
be the "eyes and ears" of law
enforcement agencies. The members are supposed to observe the
activities of the community and

to report any suspicious activities to the police. Therefore, their
operations should be evaluated by
looking at the consistency of how they report to the law
enforcement agencies and the number of
crimes prevented by the authority with the help of the
neighborhood watch programs. Laycock &
Tilley et al. concluded that neighborhood watch programs have
contributed in the reduction of
crimes, notably burglary. However, it cannot be discerned how
this program contributed in crime
prevention or how the implementations were carried to secure
the community.
It is also worth noting that neighborhood watch groups have a
wide range of characters because
they apply different models. This is because there is no general
accepted way of operation for these
groups. Therefore, these groups also register wide range of
results based on the methods they
adopt. According to Bennett (1988), a good number of
neighborhood watch groups registered high
level of effectiveness but there was also a good number of them
whose effectiveness was not
observed. In fact, in some areas which had neighborhood watch
groups, the level of crime

increased. This was attributed to poor implementation and weak
designs of the specified programs.
In the case of rural areas, neighborhood watch has been seen to
greatly reduce the fear of crime
and also contribute to the improvement of relationship between
the authority and the local people
(Yarwood & Edwards 1995). The main characteristics of the
rural neighborhood watch are the
existence of high level of voluntary action and commitment.
Although all neighborhood watch
programs are based on the basis of voluntary action, the levels
of commitments are usually
different. Those with high level of commitment usually register
better performances than those
with low levels of commitment.
The diversity of neighborhood watch programs is not only
limited to the United States but it is also
evident in other countries. Different countries have different
designs and models of neighborhood
watch programs; therefore, they also registered different levels

of effectiveness. Beyer (1993)
gives an elaborate description of how neighborhood watch
programs operate in Victoria, Australia.
The works reveal that the program which was initiated by
Victoria Police force proved to be
extremely effective. The level of coordination between members
of the public and the involved
police officer was good and the results of the scheme favored
both sides. In the United Kingdom,
over a quarter of the population live under neighborhood watch
programs and the schemes have
greatly contributed to crime prevention in these areas (Bennet,
Holloway & Farrington 2006). The
neighborhood watch in the UK are administered through a
coordinator who links the community
and the local law enforcement agencies. This aspect of the
scheme is what really makes it very
effective.
It is generally accepted that neighborhood watch programs
improve security regardless of the
degree. However, it is also obvious that there is also need for
improvement of the program in order

to increase the level of effectiveness. Rosenbaum et al pointed
out that if traditional means of
social control do not perform adequately then there was a great
need to improve informal social
control and restore the essence of "neighborhood". Different
scholars have offered different
opinions on how to improve neighborhood watch programs:
atch programs
Mukherjee & Wilson (1987) argued that there was need for
systematic research and development
of database for neighborhood watch programs. This observation
is aligned with Laycock & Tilley
et al who also observe that little study has been done on the
subject in question. This clearly shows
that further and deeper evaluation of the existing programs is
essential for improvement of the
schemes. Evaluation refers to the systemic determination of the
merits, weaknesses and
significance of a program or policy with the aim of ascertaining
the degree of level of achievement

with the aim of improving it (Qian, Zhing & Zhao 2016).
Therefore, there should be rigorous
analysis of effectiveness, accountability and efficiency of
neighborhood watch programs across
the country. This will help identify the limitations of the
program, examine its achievement and
the impact it has on both law enforcement agencies and the
community so as to draw a clear
understanding on the significance of the scheme.
model refers to symbolic, physical, graphical or verbal
representation of a concept. It is a simplified
human construct which facilitate the understanding of how the
real world operates. An effective
model is a result of effective study of the program because it is
the evaluation process that
determines the theoretical framework of the program.
program?
In order to determine the most effective model of neighborhood
watch program in any part of the
country, it is important to acknowledge the fact that every
community possess a unique character.

Therefore, the model should accommodate the specific character
of the region in question. The
type of crime is also unique to the region; therefore, a lot of
consideration should be put in fitting
the model to the type of crime experienced. There are certain
factors that should be considered
before building a model of neighborhood watch group:
-This could range from increasing
the community role in the
prevention of crime to educating the public on crime and crime
prevention strategies.
- Identify the appropriate activities of the program
like establishing a
neighborhood watch group, holding neighborhood watch
meetings, conducting nightly
neighborhood watch patrol, police conducting a home security
surveillance upon request
or distributing vital information like crime warnings across
homes.
- These are the specific steps of a program
which have negative or

positive impact to the outcome. They could include: number of
residence who volunteer,
number of neighborhood watch meetings, number of crime
prevention presentation
conducted by both neighborhood watch groups and the police
and number of home security
survey made.
- This could include number of crimes
reported to the police or number
of crime that occurred in the designated area according to the
report of the police.
Using the above information, it is advisable to use a process
model in the construction of the
program. It is a description of the process at the type level and
it offers a rough anticipation of
what the process will look like and what will be determined
during the actual system development
(Rolland 1998). According to Songer, Ibbs & Napier (1994),
process model should include:
a. Sequential, concurrent and hierarchical management
activities
b. Management decisions required throughout the process
c. Relationship between activities and processes required to

plan the program
Methodology
The nature of the program to be evaluated will require a mixed
method research; the combination
of both quantitative and qualitative methods of evaluation in
order to acquire the most precise
results. Quantitative methods is the empirical analysis of the
observable phenomenon through
mathematical or statistical techniques. This technique will
enable one to develop the right models
or hypothesis related to the phenomenon under study (Kaplan
2004). Qualitative method explores
the totality of a situation in order to present an understanding of
a phenomenon or a situation. It
seeks to answer the question why? and how? By examining in
depth purposive samples to better
understand a phenomenon (Patton 1990). Combining these two
methods of evaluation will provide
a better understanding than employing one research method. In
this case it will not be appropriate

to apply experimental design because it is impossible for the
researchers to maintain control of all
factors which will affect the results of the evaluation.
Therefore, the researcher will not be able to
test the proposed hypothesis so as to reach the desired
conclusion. The evaluation of neighborhood
watch program is an outcome evaluation because it assesses the
effectiveness of the program.
Data collection
First, it is important to note the variables in the evaluation of
the program. The dependent variable
in this case is the reported cases of crime by the police. The
construct is measured by assuming
that the reported crime is a valid measure of all crime
committed. The independent variable in this
case is the community and the evaluation will examine the
communities that employ neighborhood
watch programs and those that don't. The control variable in
this case is the law enforcement
agencies. In order to acquire information in areas covered by
the program, there is need to acquire
information from organizations like:

am
These organizations will provide good sources of information
on the rate of crime in areas which
apply the program. The local law enforcement agencies of these
regions are also another unit of
analysis. The study of the two types of unit of analysis:
neighborhood watch programs and the
local police, will provide an understanding under which
conditions the program is most effective.
Another important factor in the evaluation process is the
measurement of goals, variables or
outcome of the project. The goal of the program is to reduce
crime as well as educate the
community on crime and crime prevention. The goals of the
program can be measured by relating
them to time. The number of crime reported by the police within
a specified time can be recorded

to observe if neighborhood watch reduces the number of crimes
reported. This will measure the
level of achievement in reducing crime. Education of the
community on crime and crime
prevention can be measured by conducting a survey on the
attitude of the community towards
crime and crime prevention. Ordinal measurement can be used
to measure the variables with 1=
Excellent 2=Good 3= Poor. 1 signifies a perfect performance of
the variables 2 is average and 3 is
the poorest performances.
Sampling and Survey methods
The process of selecting samples from the target population is
the most crucial in the data
collection method. This is because it is the methods of sampling
that will determine the results
acquired in the evaluation. In this case the population under
study is too large; therefore, one should
carefully select the chosen samples which will be an accurate
representation of the entire
population. A carefully selected samples will result to a more
reliable conclusion. Since the
objective of the evaluation is to assess the effectiveness of the

neighborhood watch programs in
reducing crime, it is important to utilize data collected from
crime database like National Crime
Information Center (NCIC). This will enable the evaluator to
identify areas which record high
level of crimes. The crime under study should be reduced to
burglary because most neighborhood
watch programs only focus on the protection of homes and not
the pursuit of all crimes. The areas
with the highest level of burglaries and lowest number of
burglaries should be identified. This
should represent the targeted population and sampling should be
done from these areas not the
entire country.
Data can be collected through web based questionnaire and
paper based questionnaire. Web based
questionnaire can be sent to the official of local authority and
neighborhood watch program. They
can fill the questionnaire and send it back to the evaluators.
Paper based questionnaire can be sent

through the postal mail to selected members of the community
and incentive can be provided to
them in order to increase the response rate. In order to
maximize the rate of response rate, it is
advisable to conduct interview through telephone. This can help
in obtaining information from
leaders of local neighborhood watch groups.
Advantages of proposed sources
1) Web based questionnaire is cost effective because it does not
require a lot of labor. The
only cost of conducting web based survey is establishing an
Internet model which connects
the evaluators and the targeted population.
2) The web based survey saves on time because the evaluator
receives response immediately
they are completed by the evaluaee.
3) Paper based survey is able to reach those who lack the
essential computer literacy;
therefore, they increase the response rate which will be helpful
in the analysis process.

Disadvantages of proposed sources
1) Web based survey requires high level of expertise in the
creation of the Internet model.
The evaluators also require to have high level of training
regarding the operation of the
Internet models
2) Paper based survey is expensive and requires a lot of labor. It
is also time consuming and
will delay the whole evaluation process.
Data analysis
Data analysis is a vigorous process of inspecting, cleansing,
transforming and modelling data with
the objective of obtaining vital and useful information from the
collected data and supporting
decision making. In this case data analysis should encompass
both quantitative and qualitative
analysis methods. The qualitative analysis method assigns
specific qualities to the data collected
through academic research. This will help in creating a
theoretical background of the
understanding which arises from the collected data. Application
of content analysis is appropriate

because it gives the research a sense of direction. It is essential
in the analysis of qualitative data
because it facilitates easy transformation of qualitative data into
quantitative data and helps in
making inferences about the content of the recorded text
(Holsti, 1969).
The evaluation of neighborhood watch programs depends on the
diverse narration obtained.
Therefore, it is advisable to apply narrative analysis in order to
precisely identify the kind of tales
told about the program and the actual representation of the
program in the society. Identification
of the tales of the program will allow the evaluator to formulate
the generalization of concepts,
structure and attitude of the program.
Quantitative analysis is also important to simplify the concepts
and the data collected. Statistical
findings can be presented in a table in order to give the
evaluator the pattern of the crime pattern
in the areas which apply neighborhood watch program. It is
prudent to collect historical annual

data of the last 10 years and tabulate it. The numerical data of
the different regions can be
represented in a graph as a way of simplifying the explanation
of the collected data.
Conclusion
From the analysis of the propose method of evaluation, there are
vital information which arises
that are significant in the actual work of evaluation. These
information are the product of the
understanding obtained from the above analysis. It is worth
noting that the above analysis, brings
out the understanding that the main objective of an evaluation
process it to offer a rigorous analysis
of a program with the aim of improving it. In this case, the
evaluation seeks to analyze the
effectiveness of neighborhood watch program so as to improve
it. This is aligned with the
observation of Del & Gaster (2002) who argued that evaluation
is an invaluable tool for
improvement of a program because it enables the reflection and
assessment of a program for future
benefit. This understanding helps to dictate how the evaluator
should conduct the evaluation

process. The main concern of the evaluator should be to
maintain objectivity throughout the
research, identify the merits, weaknesses of the program in
order to arrive at a better understanding
of the program.
Another understanding which arises from the above analysis is
that data collection and analysis
are the most vital because they determine which kind of results
the evaluator will obtain. Therefore,
a lot of emphasis should be put in these processes in order to
avoid evaluation errors. Errors can
be minimized by diversifying the sources of information and
methods of acquiring these data.
Error refers to the differences between the value obtained from
the collected data and the true value
of the population. For example, in the above analysis, the total
number of burglaries are equated
to the number of burglaries reported by the police. It should be
noted that the number of burglaries
reported could only represent a fraction of the total number of
burglaries which occur. This is

because there are others which go unreported; therefore, the
evaluator should seek an alternative
source of data which can offer another record of total number of
burglaries and the evaluator can
use empirical data to compare the two types of data. In the
process of analysis, the evaluator should
avoid being bias or formulating immature assumption which can
limit the results. Mathematical
formulae like the standard distribution of errors can be applied
to precisely calculate and reduce
the errors.
Recommendations
There are certain recommendations which may arise after the
evaluation of the program is
conducted. These recommendations are:
neighborhood watch programs
in order to draw a general idea of why they were established. It
is widely accepted that
neighborhood watch groups have a wide range of agendas;
therefore, evaluating the
effectiveness of these groups with a generalized idea could lead
to inaccurate results. A

closer look of their objectives should be considered in order to
effectively analyze their
outcome.
these neighborhood watch
programs and the kind of interactions they have with the local
law enforcement agencies.
This can help identify what determines the effectiveness of
these groups.
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0305
Paper Topic: Immigration Reform

Please follow the techers guided instruction and grading rubic
to the T.
(
Required Textbook:
Joseph S.
Wholey
, Harry P.
Hatry
, and Kathryn E. Newcomer, editors,
Handbook of Practical Program Evaluation
, Latest Edition (4
th
). San Francisco CA: Jossey-Bass/Wiley Imprint,
N.B. Supplemental reading materials will be provided by the
instructor
Additional Resources:
The Evaluation Exchange:
http://www.hfrp.org/evaluation/the-evaluation-exchange
The Evaluation Exchange is a periodical that contains emerging
strategies for evaluating programs and policies, particularly
those focused on children, families, and communities.
)
Paper Proposal, Thesis Exercise and Research Questions: Prior
to writing your evaluation proposal. You must submit a 1- page
paper proposal (double spaced) describing your project. You
will also be required to complete a thesis exercise that will help
to build a proper thesis and develop the research questions
(form embedded in this syllabus).
Policy or Program Evaluation Proposal (30% of course grade):
Students will select a policy or program to be evaluated, either
from the list which follows or one of their own choosing. You

may consider a topic that is applicable to your capstone project.
All policy/program topics must be approved by the instructor.
Then, students will describe how they would plan/propose to
evaluate the policy or program by employing the methods,
techniques, etc., which are covered in the course. Do not
evaluate the policy or program, you are only expected to
describe how you would go about evaluating the policy or
program. The proposal must be 10-15 typed, double-spaced
pages in length with standard one-inch margins all around and
12-point font. Otherwise, general formatting should follow APA
style. Cover page and reference pages do not count towards the
10-15-page requirement. The instructor's evaluation of each
proposal will be based on the elements of the preparation
guidelines included in this syllabus.
Topic: Immigration reform
Your proposal should address the following questions or issues.
In all cases, defend or justify your answers or procedures,
especially with specific references to relevant concepts, ideas,
or passages in the assigned readings for the course, as well as to
the references which you may have found in your library search.
This assignment is not based on opinions, therefore academic
sources must be utilized, and it ought to be written in the third
person.
Preparation Guidelines for the Policy/Program Evaluation
Proposal
Each of the items in BOLD must be listed as a heading or a sub-
heading in your evaluation proposal. If a question/issue does
not apply, please explain why. The final product must include
the following:
· Cover Page (consult an APA style guide)
· Abstract (no more than 1 page, gives a brief overview of the
contents of your paper,
the abstract is written last after you have completed your entire
paper)

· Introduction (2-3 pages in length)
O Include your thesis statement in first or second paragraph.
· Describe or summarize the policy or program which you
intend to evaluate.
· What are the goals or desired outcomes of the policy or
program?
· Why are the goals or outcomes important?· Include your
research questions at the end of the introduction.
· Literature Review (3-5 pages in length)
· This section of your paper corresponds directly to your
research questions. Each question should be reflected in sub-
headings in your literature review. If you don’t have a research
question about “it” don’t include “it” in your paper.
· How have other researchers attempted to evaluate the policy
or program? What were their conclusions? What might be
replicated in your evaluation?
· What theory or theories connect the policy or program to its
goals or desired outcomes?
· Methodology (2-4 pages in length, this is how you are going to
evaluate this program/policy in the future)
O Of all the evaluation techniques you have learned in the
course which one will you use
to evaluate your policy or program?
· Is an experimental design relevant to your evaluation? If so,
how? What form? If not, why not?
· Is your evaluation a process evaluation or an outcome
evaluation? Why? How?
· What are the principal components of your evaluation design?·
Study Variables
· Name your dependent, independent, and control variables.·
Data Collection
· Name your unit(s) of analysis.
· How do you propose to measure the factors, variables, goals,
or outcomes which are relevant to your evaluation?
· What are the advantages and disadvantages of your proposed
measures?· Sampling and Survey Instruments

· What are the principal sources of data and information which
you propose to employ?
· What are the advantages and disadvantages of your proposed
sources?· Data Analysis
· How do you propose to analyze and to interpret the data and
information which you collect? In other words, how will your
analysis and/or interpretation show that the policy or program
goals or outcomes have or have not been achieved?
· Conclusion (2-3 pages in length)
O Analyze what you have learned and inform the reader.
· What policy or programmatic recommendations might emerge
from your evaluation?
· References (must be in APA style, not all citation generation
programs will produce a correct APA reference page, you must
double check)
Note please see teachers comments of this thesis file submitted
before starting paper;
Tecahers comments: So your stance is that all immigration
reforms in the US are to discourage and decrease illegal
immigration. You will need specific policy or programs that
speak to this. For example, the child separation policy. The
although statement then needs to disagree with your stance and
you need a because statement that validates your stance. You
are on the right track just drill down on the specifics.
A Thesis Development Micro Theme

Questions
Example: Responses for a Science Topic
Example: Responses for a History Topic
Your Response
What is your topic?
Effectiveness of cystic fibrosis drugs.
U.S. culpability for not bombing and destroying the Nazi
concentration camp at Auschwitz.
Immigration Reform
What is your stance on the topic? State this in a complete
sentence.
Tobramycin is the most efficient drug in treating cystic fibrosis.
The United States could not have effectively targeted and
destroyed Auschwitz directly.
Immigration reforms in the US are much focused on
decreasing/discouraging illegal immigrants.
Why do you [think] this? State your reasons in a “because”
clause.
Because it directly kills problem-causing bacteria, is easy to
administer, and can be used on small children safely.
Because the United States lacked the technological precision
and intelligence necessary to destroy the camp’s death houses
without also destroying many or most of the Jewish captives.
Because much of the efforts done by the government are
focused towards preventing illegal immigrants from gaining
access to the united states and prosecuting those that have
already gained access.
Now why would someone disagree with this? Use an “although”
clause to state this opposing opinion.
Although drugs like Pulmozyme have the same effects with a
different mechanism of decreasing the thickness of lung

mucous,
Although the United States possessed sufficient firepower and
information to attack Auschwitz’s industrial sector,
Although the government has launched initiatives to document
all illegal immigrants and increase legal immigration.
“Although” clause
+
Stance on topic
+
“Because” clause
=
Complete thesis statement (may need to be revised or
simplified)
Although drugs like Pulmozyme have the same effects with a
different mechanism of decreasing the thickness of lung
mucous, Tobromycin is the most efficient drug in treating cystic
fibrosis because it directly kills problem-causing bacteria, is
easy to administer, and can be used small children safely.
Although the United States possessed sufficient firepower and
information to attack Auschwitz’s industrial sector, it could not
have effectively targeted and destroyed Auschwitz directly
because it lacked the technological precision and intelligence
necessary to destroy the camp’s death houses without also
destroying many or most of the Jewish captives.
Although the government has launched initiatives to document
all illegal immigrants and increase legal immigration,
Immigration reforms in the US are much focused on
decreasing/discouraging illegal immigrants. Because much of
the efforts done by the government are focused towards
preventing illegal immigrants from gaining access to the united
states and prosecuting those that have already gained access.
Chart from Hedengren, Beth Finch. A TA’s Guide to Teaching
Writing in All Disciplines. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2004. 39-40.

Research Questions: Developed from the thesis/problem
statement and testable.
1. Over the years, how have immigration reforms in the United
States changed?
2. What efforts have been taken by the government in
immigration reforms?
3. What are the impacts of immigration reforms in the United
States?
Teacher Note about topic: So your stance is that all immigration
reforms in the US are to discourage and decrease illegal
immigration. You will need specific policy or programs that
speak to this. For example, the child separation policy. The
although statement then needs to disagree with your stance and
you need a because statement that validates your stance. You
are on the right track just drill down on the specifics.
Note Please follow below grading rubric for maximum points (
Criteria
Excellent
(5)
Very Good
(4)
Good
(3)
Needs work
(2)
Inadequate
(1)

Analyze and evaluate the formulation
and implementation of policies and programs.
The formulation
and
implementation of policies and programs
are
exceptionally articulated
in the research
paper.
The formulation and implementation of policies and programs
are
articulated
very
well
in
the
research
paper.
The formulation and implementation of
policies and programs are included clearly in
the research paper.
policies and programs in
the research paper are adequate but need some revision.
Research paper is too short & does not
adequately present the
formulation and implementation of
policies and programs.

Apply
graduate
research
methods
and
techniques to evaluate the
effectiveness
of
public
programs,
and
the
outcomes
of
policy
alternatives.
Research paper reflects an
outstanding
understanding of graduate
research methods and
effectiveness of public
programs, and the outcomes
of policy alternatives.

Research paper reflects
a
very
good
understanding
of graduate research
methods
and
techniques
to evaluate the effectiveness of public programs, and the
outcomes of policy alternatives.
Research
paper
reflects aa good understanding
methods
and
techniques
Research
paper
reflects
an understanding of graduate research
methods

and
techniques
Research paper reflects very little understanding of graduate
techniques to evaluate
the effectiveness of public programs, and
the outcomes of policy
alternatives.
Synthesize
the
concepts
associated with ethical behavior and social
responsibility
that
will
engage
students
in
a
meaningful
effort

to
affect
social change
and
promote
social
justice.
Research paper reflects an outstanding understanding
of the concepts associated with ethical behavior and
social responsibility that will
engage students in a meaningful effort to affect
social change and promote
social justice.
Research
paper
reflects
a very
good
understanding of the concepts associated with ethical behavior
and
social
responsibility
that will
engage
students in a meaningful effort to
affect

social
change
and
promote
social
justice.
Research
paper
reflects a
good
understanding
of the
concepts
associated
with ethical behavior
and
social
responsibility
that will engage
students
in

a
meaningful
effort to affect social change and promote social
justice.
Research
paper
reflects
an
understanding
of
the concepts associated with ethical behavior
and
social
responsibility
that will engage
students
in
a
meaningful
justice.
Research paper reflects very little

understanding of the
concepts associated
and
social
responsibility
that will engage
students
in
a
meaningful
justice.
Analyze evaluative processes to devise
plans for change, which will help to
maximize efficiency and effectiveness
in the administration of policies and programs.
Research
paper
reflects
an outstanding understanding of
the
evaluative
processes to

devise
plans
for
change,
which
will
help
to
maximize
efficiency
and
effectiveness
in the administration of policies
and
programs.
a very good understanding of the
evaluative
processes
to devise
plans

for
change,
which will help to
maximize
efficiency
and
effectiveness in the administration of
policies
and
programs.
Research paper reflects a good understanding of
the evaluative processes
to devise plans for change, which will help to maximize
efficiency
and effectiveness in the
administration of policies and programs.
an
understanding
of
the evaluative
processes
to devise
plans

for
change,
which will help to
maximize
efficiency
and
policies
and
programs.
Research paper reflects very little understanding of the
evaluative processes to
devise
plans
for
change,
which will help to
maximize
efficiency
and
policies
and

programs.
Demonstrates
graduate
level
writing,
including correct grammar,
punctuation
and
usage,
and
is
in
APA
format.
Exceptionally well written paper exhibiting flawless English
grammar,
punctuation and usage, and
APA formatting.
Very
well
written
paper exhibiting facility with English grammar,
punctuation

and
usage,
and
APA
formatting.
Readable paper
exhibiting good English
grammar, punctuation
and usage, and APA formatting.
Barely acceptable style.
Paper exhibits many mistakes with English
Poorly written paper
exhibiting weak English
)Grading Rubric: Research Project
(
Syllabus
) (
Page
2
of 16
)
(
Syllabus
) (
Page
11
of 16

)
(
Criteria
Excellent
(5)
Very Good
(4)
Good
(3)
Needs work
(2)
Inadequate
(1)
Analyze and evaluate the formulation
and implementation of policies and programs.
The formulation
and
implementation of policies and programs
are
exceptionally articulated
in the research
paper.
The formulation and implementation of policies and programs
are
articulated
very
well

in
the
research
paper.
policies and programs are included clearly in
the research paper.
policies and programs in
the research paper are adequate but need some revision.
Research paper is too short & does not
adequately present the
formulation and implementation of
policies and programs.
Apply
graduate
research
methods
and
effectiveness
of
public
programs,
and

the
outcomes
of
policy
alternatives.
Research paper reflects an
outstanding
understanding of graduate
effectiveness of public
programs, and the outcomes
of policy alternatives.
a
very
good
understanding
methods
and
techniques
Research
paper

reflects aa good understanding
methods
and
techniques
Research
paper
reflects
an understanding of graduate research
methods
and
techniques
Research paper reflects very little understanding of graduate
techniques to evaluate
the effectiveness of public programs, and
the outcomes of policy
alternatives.
Synthesize
the
concepts
associated with ethical behavior and social

responsibility
that
will
engage
students
in
a
meaningful
effort
to
affect
social change
and
promote
social
justice.
Research paper reflects an outstanding understanding
of the concepts associated with ethical behavior and
social responsibility that will
engage students in a meaningful effort to affect
social change and promote
social justice.

Research
paper
reflects
a very
good
understanding of the concepts associated with ethical behavior
and
social
responsibility
that will
engage
students in a meaningful effort to
affect
social
change
and
promote
social
justice.
Research
paper
reflects a
good

understanding
of the
concepts
associated
and
social
responsibility
that will engage
students
in
a
meaningful
justice.
Research
paper
reflects
an
understanding
of
the concepts associated with ethical behavior

and
social
responsibility
that will engage
students
in
a
meaningful
justice.
Research paper reflects very little
understanding of the
concepts associated
and
social
responsibility
that will engage
students
in
a
meaningful
justice.

Analyze evaluative processes to devise
plans for change, which will help to
maximize efficiency and effectiveness
in the administration of policies and programs.
Research
paper
reflects
an outstanding understanding of
the
evaluative
processes to
devise
plans
for
change,
which
will
help
to
maximize
efficiency

and
effectiveness
in the administration of policies
and
programs.
a very good understanding of the
evaluative
processes
to devise
plans
for
change,
which will help to
maximize
efficiency
and
policies
and
programs.
Research paper reflects a good understanding of
the evaluative processes
to devise plans for change, which will help to maximize

efficiency
and effectiveness in the
administration of policies and programs.
an
understanding
of
the evaluative
processes
to devise
plans
for
change,
which will help to
maximize
efficiency
and
policies
and
programs.
Research paper reflects very little understanding of the
evaluative processes to
devise

plans
for
change,
which will help to
maximize
efficiency
and
policies
and
programs.
Demonstrates
graduate
level
writing,
including correct grammar,
punctuation
and
usage,
and
is

in
APA
format.
Exceptionally well written paper exhibiting flawless English
grammar,
punctuation and usage, and
APA formatting.
Very
well
written
paper exhibiting facility with English grammar,
punctuation
and
usage,
and
APA
formatting.
Readable paper
exhibiting good English
Barely acceptable style.
Paper exhibits many mistakes with English
Poorly written paper
exhibiting weak English

)Grading Rubric: Research Project
(
Syllabus
) (
Page
2
of 16
)
(
Syllabus
) (
Page
11
of 16
)

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