3 Credit Continuing Education Course Radon, Lead, Underground Storage Tanks

1. Welcome!
Class will start shortly
Please take a moment to
“Test Your Environmental IQ”
Located in your Class Presentation Folder

2. P R E S E N T S
Environmental Issues
From Evolution to Resolution!

3. …and a great class!
Continuing Education Providers
are subject to audit by the State of Connecticut
Please:
Mute your cell phone
Use electronic devices
judiciously
Remain in attendance until the
end of the class (or we can’t
issue your credits)
Thank you!

4. Your Credits….
Are submitted electronically to the State of Connecticut
by Tiger Real Estate School
Tiger Real Estate School will email you a
Certificate of Completion within 14 days
Please make sure we don’t land in “spam” and be sure
to save your Certificate where you can find it
There is a $25.00 fee to reissue a Certificate

5. Why is this information important?
Environmental Issues are often times part of the
transaction
Your client relies upon you to guide them through the
process
The more you understand, the better you can
explain so that your client does not become
unnecessarily alarmed
Understanding environmental issues
helps keep the deal together!

6. Environmental Issues
Radon Gas
Radon in Well Water
Asbestos
Lead Paint and Lead
in Water
Underground Oil
Storage Tanks
UFFI
Mold
Septic
Well Water
EMF
Indoor Air Pollutants

7. Radon

8. What is Radon?
Radon is a gas
It is inert (inactive)
It has a life
expectancy
…..and why should I care about it?

9. Radon Measurement Units
Average indoor radon is 1.3 pCi/L
Average outdoor radon is 0.4 pCi/L
U.S EPA action level is 4.0 pCi/L

10. Radon Is a Gas that Causes Lung Cancer
Exposure can increase
the risk of lung cancer.
After smoking, radon is
the second leading
cause of lung cancer in
the U.S.
Radon Decays into
RDP’s

11. Amount of radon in the
soil
Pathways into the
structure
Amount of dilution in
the area
Factors Affecting Radon Entry
and
Building Concentrations

12. Radon transport mechanisms

13. Air pressure differences
A home creates a small vacuum caused by:
Stack effect
Mechanical systems
Environmental
factors

14. Positive pressure
Warm air
Negative pressure
Soil gas
(Including radon)
Stack Effect

15. Mechanical systems
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
systems
Home exhaust systems
Estimated air flow for typical components and
impact on dwelling

16. Estimated Air Flows for Exhaust Systems
Typical CFM
Bathroom Fans 24-90
Clothes Dryer 100
Central Vacuum 110
Wood Fireplace 170
Open Wood Stove 65
Air-Tight Wood Stove 30
Combustion Appliances 22-72

17. Environmental effects
Rain, snow, or freezing
temperatures
 May seal soil and prevent
radon from moving to outdoor
air
 May thus increase indoor radon
level
High winds (greater than
30 mph)
 Create greater difference in indoor
and outdoor air pressure
 Make radon concentrations more
variable
 OK to test if high winds are normal
for area (for example, along coast)

18. Extreme weather effects
Rapid changes in
barometric pressure
May change rate of
radon entry
Create greater difference
in indoor and outdoor air
pressure
Record barometric
pressure to identify
weather conditions that
may affect the test

19. Seasonal Effects
Warm weather
 Open windows
 Equal pressure indoors and
outdoors
 Less radon enters
 Good ventilation dilutes
radon concentration
Cold weather
 Closed windows
 Lower pressure indoors
 More radon enters
 Poor ventilation traps radon
inside

20. Preparing a Building for Testing
Allowing radon levels to
stabilize
Determine device
placement
Choose the level to test

21. Consider foundation types
If a home has more than
one type of foundation,
test in or above each
area
For example:
test in the basement
test in the room above
the crawl space
test in room with slab
on grade

22. Test your Radon IQ
What areas/rooms
should be avoided
when testing for
Radon?
Why?
Kitchen Bathroom
Laundry Room Playroom
Family Room Hallway
Crawl Space Den
Living Room Bedroom
Closet
Finished/Unfinished Basement

23. Best Rooms to avoid
Living Room
Family Room
Bedroom
Den
Playroom
Basement
Kitchen
Bathroom
Laundry Room
Closet
Crawl Space
Choosing the Test Room

24. Placement of Test Within a Room
3 feet from windows or exterior doors
At least 20 inches above floor
4 inches from other objects
12 inches from an exterior wall
In an undisturbed location

25. Open windows affect results
Reduces vacuum effect
But may also increase
stack effect
When you measure
radon in short-term
tests…
windows must be kept
closed

26. Closed-House Conditions
All exterior doors
and windows closed
Internal-external air
exchange systems
off
Permanent radon
mitigation systems
“on”

27. What is Granite What does the EPA say?
Granite is a naturally
occurring igneous rock
It is possible for any granite
sample to contain varying
concentrations of uranium
Some granite used for
countertops may contribute
variably to indoor radon
levels
At this time the EPA does
not believe the types of
granite commonly used in
countertops are
significantly increasing
indoor radon levels.
Radiation levels are variable
and need to be evaluated on
a case by case basis
Granite Countertops

28. Testing Methods
Alpha Tract (AT) device
Charcoal Testing Device

29. Testing Methods
E-Perm
(Electret ion Chamber)
(passive)
Continuous
Monitor
(active)

30. Duration of Test
Short-term
measurement
Any measurement from 48
hours to 90 days
Long-term
measurements
Any measurement 91 days
or longer

31. Radon Mitigation

32. Radon Mitigation Cost: $1,000 - $1,500

33. HRV System for
mitigation

34. Not practical to test soil before construction

35. Radon Resistant New Construction

36. Different Installation Techniques

37. Radon in Well Water
But first…..
(a little humor)

38. Some Real Estate tips…

39. How Does Radon Enter Well Water?
Found at high concentrations in soils and rock
containing uranium
Well water that passes through underground
areas containing uranium can become
contaminated

40. How Does Radon Enter the Home?
Radon in well water can
increase levels of radon
gas in your home.
Radon is released into
the air as water flows
Household activities can
release large amounts
of radon into the home

41. Radon in water is expressed in picocuries
Average concentration of radon <1,000 pCi/L
Levels in groundwater have been found above
1,000,000 pCi/L
Highest amounts have been found in the
Northeast
Private wells tested in Connecticut indicate an
average radon level of about 3,000 pCi/L

42. What Is the Standard for Radon in Water?
There is currently no federal standard for radon
in water.
The Connecticut Department of Public Health
has a recommended guideline of 5,000 pCi/L in
private well water.
This is only a guideline with no statutory or
regulatory authority.

43. Should You Treat The Water?
Treatment not recommended based on a single
sample result.
Radon levels in water are highly variable
Obtain at least two sample results before deciding
to install a treatment system.
Samples should be taken at least three months
apart.
Not practical for the real estate transaction.

44. Mitigation Method - Filter
 Granular activated carbon
(GAC) filter system for radon
levels between 10,000 and
15,000 pCi/L
 Removes 80% of radon
Cost to install is
between $1,000 and
$1,500.
 Filter tanks require annual
maintenance

45. Mitigation Method - Aeration
Very effective
Cost between $3,000
and $4,500
Removes 99% of
radon

46. Radon
Questions???

47. Are You Ready….
Let’s Test
Your
RADON I.Q.

48. Test your RADON IQ!
During radon testing, how
many hours of closed house
conditions does the EPA
require?
1. 12 Hours
2. 72 Hours
3. 4 Hours
4. 120 Hours
5. 48 Hours
6. 96 Hours

49. Test your RADON IQ!
What
Is
This?

50. Test your RADON IQ!
Prior to radon testing, how
many hours of closed house
conditions does the EPA
require?
1. 48 Hours
2. 12 Hours
3. 6 Hours
4. 9 Hours
5. 24 Hours

51. Test your RADON IQ!
When does inhaled
radon do most of its
potential damage?
1.In the first hour after it breaks down
2.During the first 6 months after
inhalation
3.Not until a few years have passed

52. Test your RADON IQ!
Which of the following are
exceptions to Closed House
Conditions?
1. If temperature exceeds 85 degrees, upper floor
windows may be opened
2. Fireplace flue may be kept open
3. Air exchangers should be turned on
4. Whole house fans should be kept on low
5. Window fans may be used on upper floors only
6. Main floor windows may be opened if they have
screens

53. Test your RADON IQ!
What is the main method of
treating a home with high
levels of radon gas?
1.Actively ventilating between the ground
and the house's living area
2.Removing uranium from the ground
beneath the house
3.Counteracting the radon with another
gas that bonds with the atoms

54. Test your RADON IQ!
What beneficial home
improvement can also lead to
increased danger from
radon?
1. Insulation
2. Solar Power
3. Air Purification

55. Test your RADON IQ!
What causes more
deaths each year?
1.Fires
2.Drowning
3.Plane Crashes
4.Radon
5.Stress from difficult Real Estate
transactions

56. Test your RADON IQ!
Which of the following are
indicators that there is no
radon present in the home?
1. There is no evidence of ledge, mica or shale on the
property
2. There are spiders in the basement
3. Neighboring homes have tested negative for radon
4. A radon mitigation system is in place
5. The home is newly constructed and should be
tested only after the 6-9 month waiting period
6. None of the above

57. Asbestos

59. What Is Asbestos?
Mineral fiber used in
over 3,000 products.
Requires a special
type of microscope for
identification
Used to strengthen, to
provide heat insulation
and fire resistance
Friable or non-friable.

60. Asbestos
The mere presence of asbestos in a home or
building is not hazardous
Damaged asbestos may release asbestos fibers and
become a health hazard - friable
Asbestos material in good condition is not a health
issue, if left alone – non-friable

61. Where is Asbestos Used?
• Insulation
• Roofing
• Vinyl Asbestos Tile
• Siding Materials
• Vermiculite
Insulation
Please refer to Handout

62. Asbestos
Asbestos Containing Material
(ACM)
…can become loose
and friable over time

63. A proud marketing message….

64. Duct Insulation Remnants on Piping
ACM (Asbestos Containing Material)

66. Response Action
 Removal
Costly
Requires State-Licensed
technicians
 Encapsulation
Seal off ACM
Preferable in certain
circumstances

67. Vermiculite
Naturally occurring mineral compound composed
of shiny flakes, resembling mica

68. Vermiculite…in all it’s glory!
Please refer to your Handout

69. Everything you want to know about
Asbestos…
…but were afraid to ask!
 Pre Inspection testing $400 - $800
 Post Inspection testing $200 - $400
 Removal average $15 - $25 per square foot
 Enclosure, encapsulate $2.00 - $6.00 square foot
 Repair $9.00 - $15.00 square foot
U.S. spends 3 Billion per year for removal

70. Asbestos
Questions???

71. Lead in Paint
Lead was used as a pigment and
drying agent
• One half of all homes built from
1940 – 1960 contain heavily leaded
paint
• Two thirds of homes built pre-1940
contain leaded paint
• 1978 U.S.CPSC lowered max
content to trace amount

72. Effects of Lead Paint

73. Testing Abatement
Replacement
Encapsulation
Liquid
Cement-like
Removal
Lead in Paint
Hand-held lead in paint
XRF-analyzer measures through
15 layers of paint

75. Environmental Protection Agency
Overview Of Final Rule
April 22, 2010
Lead-Based Paint
Renovation, Repair, and Painting
“RRP”

76. Purpose:
 Persons performing renovations and dust sampling
are properly trained
 Renovators, dust sampling technicians and firms
performing these renovations are certified
 Providers of renovation and dust sampling
technician training are accredited
 Update Pre-renovation Education Rule to include
child occupied facilities.
FINAL RULE (Signed March 31, 2008)

77.  Renovation Defined
 Target Housing
 Child-Occupied Facilities
Exclusions:
 Components Determined Lead-Free
 Less Than 6’ s.f. Interior and 20’ s.f. Exterior
 Work By Owner/Occupant
Rule Scope

78. By Certified Inspector/Assessor or Renovator
Pre-Renovation Education
Certification (Firms)
Certification (Individuals)
Cleaning Verification
Lead-Based Paint Determination

79. Recordkeeping Requirements
Enforcement and Penalties
Important Dates
For additional information:
www.epa.gov/lead
www.hud.gov/offices/lead
www.epa.gov/lead/pubs/renovation.htm
National Lead Information Center 800-424-LEAD
Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule

80. Everything you want to know about Lead…
…but were afraid to ask!
According to the EPA:
Removal $8.00 - $15.00 per square foot
 Encapsulate $.50 per square foot
 Chip Test $20.00 - $50.00 per sample
 X-ray $400 - $600
(add 19% for Connecticut)
64 Million Homes
Average removal Project $10,000

81. B R E A KB R E A K
15 MINUTE15 MINUTE

82. 2014 – 2016
(3) Credit Continuing Education Courses
 Don’t Let Water Intrusion Sink Your Deal!
 Smart Energy Updates for Existing Homes
 Innovation in Sustainable Housing – Green Building Best Practices
This Old Connecticut House
 Minimize Your Risk, Maximize Your Earnings
 Environmental Issues – Evolution to Resolution
 What to Expect When We’re Inspecting!
 Mold to Sold!
 Residential Building Practices

83. Your Opinion Matters….
Before the end of
class, please take a
moment to complete
our evaluation form…

84. Case Study
Meet Home Buyers
Tim & Stacy Creamer
Danvers, Massachusetts
Tim is a High School
Science Teacher
Stacy is a stay at home
Mom with 2 sons, ages 6
and 1year

85. 107 Burley Street, Danvers, Mass
The Creamers visit the ranch home (slab) 3 times
They notice electric plug in air fresheners and
question “why?”
They are told by their Agent (who asked the
listing Agent) that the Sellers are smokers
The Creamers enter into a contract
Purchase price $380,000
Home Inspection reveals no major defects
The Creamers close and move in the same day

86. The Family is exhausted ….
They go to sleep for the first
time in their new home
They wake up in the
morning and….
There is a horrible smell!!

87. They gather their family and
leave!
Very strong petroleum smell
Throw Rugs have large stains
They remove wall to wall carpeting and see black
stains on concrete floor
The wooden perimeter framing is stained black
What is it?

88. OIL!!Perking to the surface
Leached into soil
Penetrated wooden
perimeter structure
The house is declared
Uninhabitable!
And… the Sellers have boarded a plane to California!

89. What is the cost to remediate??
Demolishing the house and carting away debris -
$20,000 - $30,000
Excavating contaminated soil $100,000 -
$200,000
Building another house $250,000
Total $860,000

90. Fuel Tanks

91. Underground Fuel Tanks
State Regulations/Law
Local Ordinances
Tank Life
Options
 Removal
 Abandonment
 Testing
 Tank Searches
Please refer to Handout

94. Under Ground Storage Tank Costs
Tank Abandonment
$2,000 - $3,000
Tank Testing - $400 -
$600
Tank Removal $1,500
- $2,500
Tank Search $200 -
$350

95. The good, the bad…and the ugly

96. Fuel Tank
Questions???

97. Urea Formaldehyde Foam
Insulation (UFFI)
Insulation
mixed and
installed on
site

98. Urea-formaldehyde foam insulation (UFFI)
Formaldehyde decreases
rapidly after the first few
months and reaches
background levels in a
few years.
UFFI installed 5 to 10
years ago is unlikely to
still release
formaldehyde.

99. One Minute Break –
Your Opinion Matters….
Please take a moment
to complete our
evaluation form…

100. Mold
•Mold is a multi-cellular, microscopic
organism that is found everywhere
•Its purpose in the ecosystem is to break
down dead materials
•Molds are types of fungi that live on
plants, foods, dry leaves, wood, paper
products, wallboard, insulation, ceiling
tiles and other organic based materials

101. How/why does mold grow?
Wet or damp
environment
Combines with food
source
Spores are created
Released into air

102. Moisture & food source create mold
Leaking roofs, plumbing
problems, humidifiers,
damp/wet basements,
improperly vented
appliances and fans, etc
Combine with a food
source such as wood,
wallboard, or wallpaper to
cause the growth of mold
Spores are released and
inhaled

103. Individual reaction to mold
spores varies
Allergenic spores
can cause allergic
reactions, as well as
trigger asthma and
other respiratory
problems.
Pathogenic molds
can cause serious
health defects in
persons with
suppressed immune
systems.
Toxigenic mold
mycotoxins can
cause serious
health effects in
almost anybody.

104. Is mold more of a problem today?
Maybe….
 Changes in construction
creating tighter house
environments
 Mold friendly building
materials such as wallboard,
insulation, and paper
products
 Poor, rushed construction
 Lack of property
maintenance.
New home, never lived in,
extremely poor construction.
Pipe broke, water flooded house,
not dried within 48 hours

105. Mold on some framing
Floor
Attic

106. Testing for Mold
Should I, or
shouldn’t
I?
Deciding whether or
not to test for mold
Increased risk groups
Buyers level of
concern
Acceptable level of
spores

107. Mold Inspection
• An evaluation of the home for visible mold and for
conditions conducive to mold growth.
• Inspectors trained and certified in the field of mold
investigation and sampling.
• Lab report is a comprehensive analysis of the
sample contents
• The report should include a “MoldScore,”
• Standards of Practice should comply with a national
association protocol

108. Different Mold Sampling Methods
•Air is used to determine the mold spore concentration
in the indoor air.
•Tape lift and swab samples can be taken of visible
mold growth to determine the mold type
•Bulk sampling is of an affected material

109. Mold Reporting
 Detailed Results of Sample Analysis
 Understanding Your Sample Analysis Results
 Important Information, Terms and Conditions
 Scope and Limitations
 Glossary
 References and Resources

110. Clean up to prevent mold
 Case Study
 Water/moisture ran from roof
onto ceiling and down the
inside of the walls
 Infrared survey showed hardly
any moisture on the ceiling
 The homeowners sponged up
the water/moisture right away
and used fans to dry out the
wall
 The building materials dried
quickly, before mold had a
chance to grow.
Source: IRINFO Conference January 2010

111. A different result without clean up
 Case Study
 Water/moisture ran from roof,
along side cathedral ceiling
then down the inside of the wall
 An infrared survey showed the
ceiling was wet as well at the
bottom of the wall
 IR could not see the behind
the walls where the mold was
growing
 Carpet kept the drywall moist
and mold was growing about
two feet up from the bottom of
the drywall.
Source: IRINFO Conference January 2010

112. Camera Imaging Inspections
•Infrared thermography alone cannot
be used to detect mold
• Mold does not exhibit an exothermic
reaction that can be seen with an
infrared camera walking around a
building
Infrared image with no
moisture indicated
Source: IRINFO Conference January 2010

113. Fumigation Enzyme based solutions
Mold Remediation
Please refer to Mold Remediation Handout

114. Realtor Home Inspector
 Listing agent encourage client to
make full disclosure of any known mold
problems or past instances of water
penetration or leaks that may have
caused mold conditions
 Buyer’s agent work with your buyer
and inspector in reconciling either
evident mold concerns or indications of
current or potential causes of mold
 All parties will benefit in identifying,
disclosing, and recommending follow-
up testing when mold indicators are a
concern of the buyer
 Identification of mold by a
home inspector is not included
in the Ct. or ASHI Standards of
Practice .We do not perform
Mold Inspections as Home
Inspectors.
 Standard of care and/or due
diligence that is expected of us
 Cognizant of the indicators
of mold— visible mold, smell,
evidence of water penetration,
evidence of conditions that could
allow water penetration
Responsibility in the transaction

115. Testing Cost Remediation Costs
Investigation $500-
$1,000
Sampling Fees - $300 -
$800 (depending on #
of samples required)
$500 - $4,000
Typical project $2,000-
$6,000
Repairs $10,000 -
$30,000
Source: Charter Oak
Environmental
Everything you wanted to know about Mold..

116. Mold
Questions???

117. Are Your Ready…..
Let’s test
your
MOLD I.Q.

118. Test your MOLD IQ?
According to The
Connecticut Standards of
Practice and ASHI, a Home
Inspector is responsible for
identifying mold?
True?

119. Test your MOLD IQ?
Attic Photo…
Is
This
Mold?

120. Test your MOLD IQ?
Who is responsible for making sure
that clients are well informed about
conditions that may indicate that
mold might present?
1. The Listing Agent
2. The Buyers Agent
3. The Home Inspector
4. Judge Judy

121. Test your MOLD IQ?
Basement Photo…
What would you do?

122. Test your MOLD IQ?
Which of the following is
most important?
1. Identify the type of mold so that the proper
protocol for remediation may be determined
2. Locate and repair the source of moisture
and/or water intrusion

123. Test your MOLD IQ?
Crawl
Space…
(dirt floor)
What
Is the
White
Stuff?

124. Septic Systems

125. Septic Systems
A typical septic system
built to current standards
has four major
components
1. House sewer line (or
soil pipe)
2. Concrete container
3. Plastic distribution box
4. Leaching system

127. Cesspool Collection Tank
Other systems

128. Septic Systems
• Sizing
• Suitable soil
conditions
• Types of Inspection
• Common causes of
failure and prevention
• Usage

129. Septic Video

130. Septic Tank Related Costs
Septic Inspection
Pumping $450 - $650
Septic Repair $300 -
$5,000
Septic Partial or Full
Replacement $10,000 -
$25,000

131. Septic
Questions???

132. Well Water In Private
Residences
 Standard Tests
 FHA/CHFA Requirements
 Types of Well Systems
 Water Treatment Systems

133. Well Water Testing
Testing as a condition
of sale
Local health
department
Testing in new
construction (30 days)
Lead in Drinking Water

134. Standard Water Tests
Coliform bacteria
Color
Odor
Turbidity
Sulfate
Nitrate nitrogen
pH
Chloride
Sodium
Iron
Manganese
Copper
Calcium and
magnesium

135. Water Analysis Report
Bacteriological Examination
Total Coliforms Present___ Absent___
Fecal Coliforms Present___ Absent___
Conclusions: Based on the bacteriological examination, this water was unsafe for drinking
purposes at the time the sample was collected. (Corrective measures, followed by re-
examination, are recommended).
Physical/Chemical Examination Result AL UNITS
 Turbidity * 7.0 5.0 NTU
 Color * 20 15
 Odor * 3 2
 pH “ 4.2 6.4-10.0
 Hardness 98 200 mg/L
AL = Advisory Level
N.D. = None Detected

136. FHA/CHFA Requirements
 Standard Test $100 - $150
1. Bacteria
2. Twelve physical/chemical tests
 Lead in water $50 - $100
 One hour flow test—3 gal./minute average
($100 - $200)

137. Other Water Tests
Pesticide/Herbicide
“VOC” – Volatile Organic Compounds
Metals in Drinking Water
Cost: $175 - $325

138. Uranium in Well Water
What is uranium?
Radioactive element
Normally occurs in
certain types of
bedrock
It occurs in nature in
the form of minerals
Effects on Health
Pathway

139. Water Conditioning
 Water Softeners
 Aeration Systems
 Greensand
 Neutralizing Filters
 Chemical Injection System
 Carbon Filters
 Ultra Violet
 “Piggy-back” Systems
 “Squatty” Manual Filters
 Reverse Osmosis
Pump and Well Services
Yes! This company does exist in Jacksonville, Fla

140. Water Treatment Equipment

141. Water Treatment Systems Discharge
CT State Health Code
Two Methods of Discharge
Proprietary system for sub-surface disposal
Leaching system for the discharge
Choosing an Option to Improve the Lifespan of
the Septic System

142. Please refer to your handouts
1. Water Analysis Interpretation Guide
2. Water Remediation Costs
3. Water Softener Backwash Policy
4. Bacteriological Examination

143. Well/Water
Questions???

144. Indoor Air Pollutants
Asbestos
Biological pollutants
Carbon monoxide
Formaldehyde
Household products
Lead
Mercury
Pesticides
Radon
Respirable particles
Secondhand smoke
Fuel Burning
Appliances

145. Fuel Burning
Appliances

146. Controlling Biological Pollutants
Control moisture and
humidity (30-50%)
Health Effects from
Biological Contaminants
Reducing Exposure to
Biological Contaminants

147. Effects of CO
Preventing the causes of
CO
Life saving detection
Carbon Monoxide

148. Carbon Monoxide Levels and Systems
Symptom CO Concentration
(% hemoglobin carrying CO)
Usually no sign……………………………………….0 to 10
Headache, angina in heart patients……………….10 to 20
Throbbing headache, nausea, irritability,
difficulty concentrating……………………………20 to 30
Severe headache, dizziness, fatigue,
confusion…………………………………………..30 to 40
Rapid breathing and heartbeat, fainting………….40 to 50
Respiratory failure (collapse), seizures
(collapse)…………………………………………..50 to 60
Severe respiratory failure, low blood
pressure, fatal coma………………………………60 to 70

149. What is formaldehyde?
Should you be concerned?
Measuring formaldehyde
Reducing existing levels
Formaldehyde

150. Acoustical Ceiling
MDF
Softwood Plywood
Wall Covering
Wood Office
Furniture

151. Household products
Fuels
Health effects
Steps to reduce exposure
Organic Gases (Volatile
Organic Compounds – VOCs)

152. VOC emissions
in New England

153. Naturally occurring element
CFL’S AND MERCURY
Mercury
Broken CFL www.Epa.Gov/mercury/spills
Disposal www.Epa.Gov/bulbrecycling

154. Commonly used
Health effects of pesticides
Steps to reduce exposure to
pesticides
Pesticides

155. Sources of respirable
particles
Health effects
Steps to reduce exposure
Secondhand smoke
Respirable Particles

157. How would you like to breathe in air from
this air conditioning coil?

158. What are electric and
magnetic fields?
About our electric
power
Magnetic fields
EMF

159. EMF research
Summary – two types of
epidemiological investigations
Conclusions
EMF and the induction of
cancer

160. Air Pollutants

161.  Nitrogen dioxide and nitric
oxide
Sources of nitrogen dioxide
Health effects
Levels in homes
Steps to reduce exposure
Nitrogen Dioxide

162. Questions
???
Thank You!!