normalization

1. NORMALIZATIO
N
M.Janarth
Computing
Batch No:XXIV

2. Content
 What is normalization?
 Process of Normalization
 First Normal Form (1NF)
 Second Normal Form (2NF)
 Third Normal Form (3NF)
 More Normalized forms
 Summary
 Reference

3. What is normalization?
 Normalization is the process of efficiently
organizing data in a database
 Normalization is used for mainly two purpose
-eliminating useless data
-ensuring data dependencies make
sense .

4. Process of Normalization
 If a database design is not perfect it may
contain anomalies
 Managing a database with anomalies
-Update anomalies
-Deletion anomalies
-Insert anomalies

5. First Normal Form (1NF)
 This is a normal form of data
 Re arrange the data to convert it to first normal
form

6. Second Normal Form (2NF)
 Remove subsets of data that apply to multiple
rows of a table and place them in separate
tables.
 Create relationships between these new tables
and their predecessors.

7. Third Normal Form (3NF)
 Remove columns that are
not dependent upon the primary key.
 The transitive functional dependency should
be removed from the table

8. More Normalized forms
 In Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF or 3.5NF)
Every determinant must be a candidate key.
 In Fourth Normal form (4NF) A relation is in 4NF
if it has no multi-valued dependencies.

9. Summary

10. Reference
 Database Normalization Basics available at
<http://databases.about.com/od/specificproduc
ts/a/normalization.htm>accessed on
29/01/2015
 Normalization of database available at
<http://www.studytonight.com/dbms/database-
normalization.php> accessed on 26/01/2015
 DBMS Normalization available at
<http://www.tutorialspoint.com/dbms/database
_normalization.htm>accessed on 26/01/2015