Promosi kesehatan dapat diaplikasikan pada berbagai level termasuk pada level keluarga yang dapat memberikan banyak manfaat dalam rangka meningkatkan derajat kesehatan keluarga

1. FAMILY HEALTH
PROMOTION
I KETUT SWARJANA, MPH-STIKES BALI
2015

4. Family
• Legal:
– relationships through blood ties, adoption,
guardianship, or marriage
• Biological:
– genetic biological networks among people
• Sociological:
– groups of people living together
• Psychological:
– groups with strong emotional ties

5. Family (Burgess & Locke, 1953)
• The family is a group of persons united by
ties of marriage, blood, or adoption,
constituting a single household; interacting
and communicating with each other in
their respective social roles of husband
and wife, mother and father, son and
daughter, brother and sister; and creating
and maintaining a common culture.

6. Family (Depkes RI,1998).
• Keluarga adalah unit terkecil dari
masyarakat yang terdiri atas kepala
keluarga dan beberapa orang yang
terkumpul yang tinggal di suatu tempat
dibawah suatu atap dalam keadaan
suatu ketergantungan

7. Family (WHO (1969)
• Keluarga adalah anggota rumah
tangga yang saling berhubungan
melalui pertalian darah, adposi atau
perkawinan.

8. Family (Bailon dan Maglaya, 1978)
• Keluarga adalah dua atau lebih individu
yang hidup dalam satu rumah tangga
karena adanya hubungan darah,
perkawinan atau adopsi. Mereka
salaing berinteraksi satu dengan yang
lain, mempunyai peran masing- masing
den menciptakan serta
mempertahankan suatu budaya

9. Family Health
• Family health is a dynamic changing
state of well-being, which includes
the biological, psychological,
spiritual, sociological, and culture
factors of individual members and
the whole family system (Hanson,
2005)

10. • Families are primarily responsible for
providing health and illness care, being
a role model, teaching self-care and
wellness behaviors, providing for care
of members across their life course and
during varied family transitions, and
Supporting each other during health-
promoting activities and acute and
chronic illnesses.
Family Health

11. • Family health is more than the
absence of disease in an individual
family member or the absence of
dysfunction in family dynamics.
• Rather, it is the complex process of
negotiating and solving day to-day
family life events and crises, and
providing for a quality life for its
members (Bomar, 2004a).
Family Health

12. Model of Family Health
1. Clinical model.
Examined from this perspective, a family is
healthy if its members are free of physical,
mental, and social dysfunction.
2. Role-performance model.
This view of family health is based on the idea
that family health is the ability of family
members to perform their routine roles and
achieve developmental tasks.

13. 3. Adaptive model
Families are adaptive if they have the ability to
change and grow and possess the capacity to
rebound quickly after a crisis.
4. Eudemonistic model
Efforts to maximize the family’s well-being and
to support the entire family & individual
members in reaching their greatest potential.
Model of Family Health

14. HEALTH PROMOTION
• HP is very important to maintain and
improve health status of people.
• HP is the process of enabling people to
increase control over, and to improve their
health degree. To reach a state of complete
physical, mental and social wellbeing, an
individual or group must be able to identify
and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs,
and to change or cope with the
environment (WHO, 2009)

15. HEALTH PROMOTION
• HP is the science and art of
helping people change their
lifestyle to move toward a state
of optimal health (O’Donnell,
1987)

16. HEALTH PROMOTION
• HP is the process of advocating health in
order to enhance the probability that
personal (individual, family and
community), private (professional and
business), and public (federal, state, and
local government) support of positive
health practices will become a social
norm (Kreuter & Devore, 1980).

17. HEALTH PROMOTION

19. • Families are primarily responsible
for providing health and illness care,
being a role model, teaching self-
care and wellness behaviors,
providing for care of members
across their life course and during
varied family transitions, and
Supporting each other during health-
promoting activities and acute and
chronic illnesses.
Family Health Promotion

20. • Family health is more than the
absence of disease in an individual
family member or the absence of
dysfunction in family dynamics.
• Rather, it is the complex process of
negotiating and solving day to-day
family life events and crises, and
providing for a quality life for its
members (Bomar, 2004a).
Family Health Promotion

21. Family Health Care Nursing
• Family health nursing is the process of
providing for the health care needs of
families that are within the scope of
nursing practice.
• This nursing care can be aimed toward
the family as context, the family as a
whole, the family as a system or the
family as a component of society
(Hanson, 2005)

22. Family Health Promotion
• Family health promotion refers
to the activities that families
engage in to strengthen the
family as a unit (Bomar, 2004a;
Loveland-Cherry & Bomar, 2004).

23. Family health promotion
• Family health promotion is
achieving maximum family well-
being throughout the family life
course and includes the biological,
emotional, physical, and spiritual
realms for family members and the
family unit (Bomar, 2004a; Loveland-Cherry
& Bomar, 2004).

24. • Health promotion is learned
within families, and patterns of
health behaviors are formed
and passed on to the next
generation.
Family Health Promotion

25. CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY
FAMILY (Hanson, 2005)
• Unity
– Commitment
– Time together
• Flexibility
– Ability to deal with stress
– Spiritual well-being
• Communication
– Positive Communication
– Appreciation & Affection

26. CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY FAMILY:
1. Unity
Commitment
• Trust traditions
• Respect for others
• Shared responsibility
• Support all family
members
Time together
• Family rituals and
traditions
• Enjoys each other’s
company
• Leisure time together
• Shares simple &
quality time

27. CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY FAMILY:
2. Flexibility
Ability to deal with stress
• Displays adaptability
• Crisis: as a challenge &
opportunity
• Openness to change
• Grows together in crisis
• Seeks help with
problems
Spiritual well-being
• Encourages hope
• Teaches compassion
for others
• Ethical values
• Respects the privacy of
one another

28. CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY FAMILY:
3. Communication
Positive Communication
• Communication well &
listens to all members
• Family table time &
conversation
• Shares feelings
• Non blaming attitude
• Compromise & disagree
• Agrees to disagree
Appreciation & Affection
• Cares for each other
• Exhibits a sense of
humor
• Maintains friendship
• Respects individuality
• Spirit of humor
• Interact with each
other

29. Family Health Promotion (Bomar,P.J., 2004a)

30. Model of the Health Promoting Family (Christensen, P.,2004)

31. THE TRANSTHEORITICAL MODEL/STAGES OF CHANGE
1. Pre contemplation
– Not considering change
2. Contemplation
– Aware of but not considering change soon
3. Preparation
– Planning to act soon
4. Action
– Has begun to make behavioral change
5. Maintenance
– Continued commitment to behavior (long
term)
6. Relapse: Reverted to old behavior

32. Strategies of Health Promotion
• Passive
– In active participation
– Or recipient
– Ex. Public health effort to maintain clean
water and sanitary sewage
• Active
– Personally involved in adopting a
proposed program of health promotion
– Ex. Daily exercises, stress management

33. Nurse’s Role in Health Promotion
(Carole Lium Edelman, Carol Lynn Mandle, Elizabeth
C. Kudzma, 2013)
• Advocate
• Care manager
• Consultant
• Deliverer of services
• Educator
• Healer
• Researcher

34. TASK INVOLVED IN PLANNING A HEALTH
EDUCATION (Clark M.J., 1999)
• Identifying the goal
• Developing objective
• Classifying objective
• Selecting and sequencing content
• Selecting teaching strategies
• Preparing materials
• Planning evaluation

35. CONSIDERATIONS IN IMPLEMANTING A
HEALTH EDUCATION (Clark M.J., 1999)
• Focusing event
– A teaching strategy designed to attract
attention to the topic
• Presentation content
– Actual presentation of planned content,
encouraging learner participation as much
as possible
• Summary
– Restatement and reinforcement of the most
important points of the presentation

36. CONSIDERATIONS IN EVALUATING A
HEALTH EDUCATION (Clark M.J., 1999)
• Formative evaluation
– An evaluation conducted periodically
during the presentation to detect a need
for immediate modification
• Outcome evaluation
– Evaluating :determine whether stated
outcome objectives have been met
• Process evaluation
– Evaluating the performance of the
community health nurse: established
process objective

37. DEVELOPING HEALTH EDUCATION
PROGRAMS
• Elements of HE programs (Backer,
Rogers, & Sopory, 1992)
– Purpose
– Target
– Time
– Activity

38. Teaching strategies
• Case study
• Computer
assisted
instruction
• Demonstration
• Discussion
• Lecture
• Media
• Readings
• Return
demonstration
• Role modeling
• Role playing
• Supervision
• Visual aids

39. The effects of programs can be arranged in a
hierarchy (Backer, Rogers, & Sopory, 1992)
• Audience is ….
– Exposed to the health issue
– Aware of the issue
– Informed about an issue
– Persuaded with regard to the issue
– Intends to change behavior
– Change behavior
– Maintains behavior change

40. DEVELOPING HEALTH EDUCATION
PROGRAMS
• Effectiveness of HE programs
– HE is an effective means of
changing health behaviors