The main questions of the lecture: 1.1 Informational System as a Part of Management System. 1.2 Information and Data.

1. Chapter 3. Basic concepts
and problems of information
systems of organization
The main questions of the lecture:
1.1 Informational System as a Part of
Management System.
1.2 Information and Data.

2. 1.1 Informational System as a
Part of Management System.

3. Informational System as a Part
of Management System
Management system
Controller
Controlled part
Control
action
Information
about
controlled
part state
Information system is a set of information contour in conjunction with
facilities of gathering, transmission, processing and storage of
information, as well as personnel that performs these operations.
Management system is a set of controlled process (object of
management) and controller (subject of management or governing
entity) allocated within the limits of organization.

4. Distribution of information
among management levels
Information
for strategical
management
Information
for tactical
management
Information
for operational
management
Requests
for
information
Strategical
solutions
Tactical
solutions
Operational
solutions
The main tasks of information system is to ensure sufficient decision-
making process by providing the necessary information at the right time
and the right place is one of the.

5. 1.2 Information and Data.

6. The Concept of Information
Information - is a materials about the outward world that decreases a
degree of existing uncertainty, incomplete knowledge, alienated
from its creator, which took the form of messages that can be
reproduced by oral, written or other way.
Methods of information transmission:
- parallel;
- consistent.
The principles of information exchange:
- asynchronous;
- synchronous.

7. Information Attributes and
Properties
Attributes of
information
Material
object of
information
(medium)
Source of
information
(S)
Recipient
of
information
(R)
Link
between (S)
and (R)
Attributes of information
The main information properties:
1. authenticity;
2. completeness or fullness;
3. clearance or understandability;
4. valuables or importance;
5. adequacy.

8. Data and Economic Information
Data is an information, presented in a formalized form and adopted for
automatic processing, with a possible human intervention.
Economic Information is a set of data about social and economic
processes, required to manage these processes and groups of people in
production and non-production fields.
Information
Data

9. The process of converting
information into data
Procedures of formal description
1) Classification
2) Encoding
3) Modeling of data
elements
Information Data

10. Classification
Classification is a division of objects set into several parts according
to their similarity or difference by using some accepted method.
•Hierarchical method of classification implies a sequential division of
objects set into dependent classification groups.
•Facet method of classification implies a parallel division of objects
set into independent classification groups.
Zero level
First level
Second level
Second level
Facets
Facet’s
values
Hierarchical method of classification Facet method of classification

11. Data Encoding
Encoding is a process of creating code (a set of numbers, letters, or
numbers and letters) and assigning it to subsets of objects, which was
obtained by classification.
Species Database
Hierarchical (1:1, 1:N);
Network (1:1, 1:N, N:M);
Relational (based on the relationship tables).

12. Modelling of Data Elements
Modeling of data elements allows to reflect real processes or objects
with the help of oral, graphical or other means, to make easier
perception and analysis of this processes or objects.

13. Conclusions
• To control the state of the enterprise and to achieve specific goals sufficient
management is needed.
• Information system is a basis and "nervous system" of any management
system. It consists of information contour, facilities of gathering,
transmission, processing and storage of information and staff that performs
operations with information.
• Ensuring decision-making process by providing the necessary information
at the right time and the right place is one of the main tasks of information
system.
• It is necessary to understand the difference between information and data,
between information in general and economic information in particular.
• There are three stages of converting economic information into data:
classification, encoding, modeling of data elements. These stages are
needed to make information understandable for computer-aided facilities.