SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 20
Download to read offline
٧٨
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
٥
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٦٤-
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KK 
 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
•‫א‬
•‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
•‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬٨٠٪K 
 
‫א‬‫א‬:‫א‬
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٦٥-
‫א‬ 
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬FermatdePierrePascalBlaise١٦٥٤K
‫א‬GrauntJohn١٦٦٢‫א‬،
‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
١K‫א‬W 
١W‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬
K 
١WW 
}15,12,9,6,3,0,3,6{
}9,7,5,3,1{
}5,4,3,2,1,0{
−−=
=
=
C
B
A
 
‫א‬W 
}05{=A 
}19{=B 
}‫א‬36−15{=C 
٢WS‫א‬
K،‫א‬SW)(ScardK 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٦٦-
٢W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١W 
8)(,5)(,6)( === CcardBcardAcard 
٣WAS‫א‬A
SKWSA ⊆WSA ⊄KK 
٣W‫א‬‫א‬W 
}5,2,1{},8,5,3,2,0,1{},8,4,3,2,1,0{},3,2,1{ −=−=== DCBA 
‫א‬A‫א‬B‫א‬C1
CK 
‫א‬D‫א‬CK 
٤W‫א‬‫א‬φ،‫א‬W0)( =φcardK 
٥W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BA×AB‫א‬‫א‬),( ba
aAbBK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٤W‫א‬‫א‬W 
}1,0{},9,5{},5,2,1,0{ === CBA 
‫א‬W 
1) BA× , 2) CBA ×× 
‫א‬W 
)}1,9,5(),1,5,5(),1,9,2(),1,5,2(),1,9,1(),1,5,1(),1,9,0(),1,5,0(
),0,9,5(),0,5,5(),0,9,2(),0,5,2(),0,9,1(),0,5,1(),0,9,0(),0,5,0{()2
)}9,5(),5,5(),9,2(),5,2(),9,1(),5,1(),9,0(),5,0{()1
=××
=×
CBA
BA
 
١W‫א‬‫א‬ABW 
)()()( BcardAcardBAcard ×=× 
‫א‬‫א‬K 
٥W‫א‬‫א‬W 
16224)()()()(
824)()()(
=××=××=××
=×=×=×
CcardBcardAcardCBAcard
BcardAcardBAcard
 
٢K‫א‬W 
٦WK 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٦٧-
٦WW 
١E‫؟‬ 
٢E‫א‬6,5,4,3,2,1K 
٣E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
٤E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬KE 
٥E‫א‬‫א‬K 
٧W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KSK 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
٧W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦K 
‫א‬W 
١E‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬D
‫א‬‫א‬NKKW},{ DNS =K 
٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W}6,5,4,3,2,1{=SK 
٣E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬WL،
WD،WUKW},,{ UDLS =K 
٤E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WT‫א‬،WH
KW},{ THS =K 
٥E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬٤W 
{ } { } { }TTTHHTHHTHTHS ,,,,, =×= 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
}},{},,{},,{{ TTTHHHS = 
‫א‬‫א‬K 
٨W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٨W‫א‬6,5,4,3,2,1 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٦٨-
AWW}5,3,1{=A، 
BWW}6,4,2{=B، 
CW4W}6,5{=CK 
٩W414‫א‬W12K‫א‬
‫א‬K 
١E‫א‬K 
٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WAW،‫א‬BW‫א‬
،‫א‬CW،‫א‬DW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
}}2,1{},4,2{},3,2{},4,1{},3,1{{
}},2,1{{}},4,2{},3,2{},4,1{},3,1{{}},4,3{{)2
6)(}}4,3{},4,2{},3,2{},4,1{},3,1{},2,1{{)1
=
===
==
D
CBA
ScardS
 
٩W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
١E‫א‬BA U‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABK 
٢EBA I‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AB‫א‬K 
٣EA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AK 
WBABA IU =BABA UI =K 
١٠W‫א‬6,5,4,3,2,1 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WAW٣،BW٦،CWK 
1EK 
2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WABCK 
3E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WBA ICA ICB ICBA IIBA UCA U
CB UCBA UUK 
4E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WABBA UBA IK 
5E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4K 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٦٩-
‫א‬W 
φφ ======
=====
====
===
==
{},{}},6{},3,2,1{)4
,},6,5,4,2{,}6,5,4,3,2,1{
}4{},4,2{},6,4{},5,4{)3
},6,4,2{},5,4,3,2,1{},6,5,4{)2
6)(}6,5,4,3,2,1{)1
BABABA
SCBASCBCASBA
CBACBCABA
CBA
ScardS
IU
UUUUU
IIIII 
5EAW4،BW5، 
BA UW36، 
BA IW45K 
 
٣K‫א‬W 
١٠W‫א‬S‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
،‫א‬‫א‬AW
)(
)(
)(
Scard
Acard
AP =K 
١١W‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W},{ THS =‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬W 
%50
2
1
)(
})({
})({ ===
Scard
Hcard
HP 
)(HP})({HPK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
%50
2
1
)(
})({
})({)( ====
Scard
Tcard
TPTP 
١٢W‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W{ } { } { }TTTHHTHHTHTHS ,,,,, =×=
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W 
%25
4
1
)(
})({
)( ===
Scard
HHcard
HHP
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٠-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
%50
4
2
)(
}),({
}),({ ===
Scard
THHTcard
THHTP 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W}},{},,{},,{{ TTTHHHS =′‫א‬
‫א‬},{ TH‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬},{ HH
‫א‬K 
١٣W‫א‬١٠K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABCK 
‫א‬W 
%50
6
3
)(%,33.83
6
5
)(%,50
6
3
)(
}6,4,2{},5,4,3,2,1{},6,5,4{
6)(}6,5,4,3,2,1{
==≅===
===
==
CPBPAP
CBA
ScardS
 
١١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
١E‫א‬01K 
٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E1٪100K 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
١٤W‫א‬‫א‬514‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬ 5 67 8 9 1011121314
‫א‬ .050.17.08.11.23.06.14.13.03
‫א‬‫א‬W 
1E11‫א‬K 
2E9‫א‬‫א‬K 
3E813K 
4E4‫א‬K 
5E20K 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧١-
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬W}14,13,12,11,10,9,8,7,6,5{=SKABCD
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬15‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
011K 
0)({})5
0)({})4
%7513.014.006.023.011.008.0
)13()12()11()10()9()8()(
}13,12,11,10,9,8{)3
%5903.013.014.006.023.0
)14()13()12()11()10()(
}14,13,12,11,10{)2
%6423.011.008.017.000.005.0
)10()9()8()7()6()5()(
}10,9,8,7,6,5{)1
=⇒==
=⇒==
=+++++=
+++++=
=
=++++=
++++=
=
=+++++=
+++++=
=
EPE
DPD
PPPPPPAP
C
PPPPPAP
B
PPPPPPAP
A
φ
φ
 
٤K‫א‬‫א‬ 
١٢W‫א‬‫א‬AB‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬AF
0)( ≠APKE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬WAS‫א‬‫א‬W( )ABPK 
١٥W‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬W 
AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
ABK 
‫א‬‫א‬W},,,{ TTTHHTHHS =W},{ HTHHAS =
}{HTAB =W%50
2
1
)(
)(
)( ===
AScard
ABcard
ABP
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٢-
١٦W‫א‬‫א‬5‫א‬‫א‬3
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W 
١E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٣E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٤E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤‫א‬WABAC
BCK 
١E‫א‬‫א‬W},,,,,,,{ 32154321 BBBRRRRRS =54321 ,,,, RRRRR
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬321 ,, BBB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KW 
0%5.62
8
5
)(},,,,,{ 54321 ≠=== APRRRRRA 
٢E،‫א‬‫א‬W 
0%5.37
8
3
)(},,,{ 321 ≠=== BPBBBB 
٣E‫א‬‫א‬W},,,,,,{ 3215432 BBBRRRRAS =‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KW},,{ 321 BBBAC =W 
%86.42
7
3
)( ≅=ACPK 
٤E‫א‬‫א‬W},,,,,,{ 3254321 BBRRRRRBS =‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KW},{ 32 BBBC =W 
%57.28
7
2
)( ≅=BCPK 
 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٣-
٢WSAB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
)0)((
)(
)(
)()3
)()()()()2
)(1)(),(1)()1
0)(,1)()0
≠=
−+=
−=−=
==
AP
AP
ABP
ABP
BAPBPAPBAP
APAPAPAP
PSP
I
IU
φ
 
١٧W‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
1E‫א‬‫א‬K 
2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
{ } { } { } { }
{ }
162222)(
,...,,,,
,,,,
=×××=
=
×××=
Scard
TTTTTHHHHTHHHHHTHHHH
THTHTHTHS
 
K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬12AB‫א‬K 
%25.6
16
1
)(}{)1 ==⇒= APTTTTA 
٢E‫א‬BWBW‫א‬،‫א‬W 
%75.93
16
1
1)(1)()( =−=−==⇒= APAPBPAB 
‫א‬‫א‬١E‫א‬‫א‬K 
١٨W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬%70‫א‬‫א‬
%85‫א‬‫א‬%73‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WAW‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬BA U‫א‬W
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٤-
73.0)(,85.0)(,7.0)( === BAPBPAP I 
‫א‬‫א‬٢E‫א‬‫א‬W 
%8273.085.07.0)()()()( =−+=−+= BAPBPAPBAP IU 
١٩W‫א‬١٥‫א‬‫א‬٣E‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬W},,,{ TTTHHTHHS =K 
‫א‬W 
AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
ABKW 
%50
4
2
2
1
4
1
)(
)(
)(
}{},,{},,{
====
===
AP
BAP
ABP
HTBATTHTBHTHHA
I
I
 
١٣WAB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،W 
)()()( BPAPBAP ×=I 
‫א‬K 
٣WABK‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬W )()()( BPAPBAP ×=I 
‫א‬‫א‬W )()()( ABPAPBAP ×=I 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬K 
٢٠W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.2K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٥-
‫א‬WAW‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬BA I‫א‬W 
2.0)(,1.0)( == ABPAP 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
%22.01.0)()()( =×=×= ABPAPBAP I 
٢١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CW‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AB‫א‬K‫א‬AC
BC‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
{ } { } { }
{ }
8222)(
,,,,,,,
,,,
=××=
=
××=
Scard
TTTTTHTHTTHHHTTHTHHHTHHH
THTHTHS
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
%25
8
2
)(},,{
%50
8
4
)(},,,,{
%50
8
4
)(},,,,{
===
===
===
CPTHHHHTC
BPTHTTHHHHTHHHB
APHTTHTHHHTHHHA
 
١E‫א‬ABW 
)()(%50%50%25
8
2
)(},{ BPAPBAPHHTHHHBA ×=×===⇒= II 
ABK 
٢E‫א‬ACW 
)()(%25%50%5.12
8
1
)(}{ CPAPCAPHHTCA ×=×===⇒= II 
ACK 
١E‫א‬BCW 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٦-
)()(%25%50%5.12%25
8
2
)(},{ CPBPCBPTHHHHTCB ×=×=≠==⇒= II 
BCK 
٢٢W‫א‬103K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
١E‫א‬‫א‬ 
٢E‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
BA I 
١E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABKW 
%49
10
7
10
7
)()()( =×=×= BPAPBAP I 
٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABKW 
%67.46
9
6
10
7
)()()( ≅×=×= ABPAPBAP I 
 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٧-
 
 
١W‫א‬}6,5,4,3,2,1{KK 
1EK 
2EW 
AW،BW،CWK 
3E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2K 
٢W‫א‬‫א‬W}4,3,2,1{=SK‫א‬W 
0)4(,
4
1
)3(,
4
1
)2(,
2
1
)1()4
8
1
)4(,
8
1
)3(,
4
1
)2(,
2
1
)1()3
2
1
)4(,
4
1
)3(,
4
1
)2(,
2
1
)1()2
5
1
)4(,
4
1
)3(,
3
1
)2(,
2
1
)1()1
====
====
=−===
====
PPPP
PPPP
PPPP
PPPP
٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3‫؟‬‫א‬ 
٤W‫א‬‫א‬4‫א‬3
‫א‬5‫؟‬ 
٥W50150K 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
1E‫א‬7K 
2E11K 
3E19K 
٦W5051100K 
‫א‬‫א‬W 
1E‫א‬53K 
2E61K 
3E79K 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٨-
٧WK‫א‬‫א‬W 
1E‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
2E‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
3E‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
٨W‫א‬16KK 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
1E6K 
2E‫א‬1K 
3E4K 
 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٧٩-
٥K‫א‬W 
١٤W‫א‬‫א‬
KK 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٢٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٢٤W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
٢٥W‫א‬٤٥W 
4,3,1,5,2,4,4,2,3,1,4,2,5,1,3
,2,4,1,3,2,2,4,4,2,4,4,1,3,4,2
,1,3,4,2,6,2,4,1,2,2,2,5,3,1,2
 
١٥W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
٢٦W‫א‬‫א‬K 
١E‫؟‬‫א‬ 
٢E‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
١E‫א‬45K 
٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
18 8 
214 22 
37 29 
412 41 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٨٠-
53 44 
61 45 
‫א‬ 45  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
 
1 2 3 4 5 6
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
 
١٦W‫א‬‫א‬W},,,{ 21 nxxx L‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬W 
n
xxx
x n+++
=
L21
 
‫א‬  
( ) ( ) ( )
1
22
2
2
12
−
−++−+−
=
n
xxxxxx
s nL
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
2
ss = 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬W 
‫א‬n‫א‬W 
2
1+= nxmed 
‫א‬n‫א‬W 
2
1
22
+
+
=
nn xx
med 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KWmodeK 
‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٨١-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
٢٧W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
1E‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
8.2
45
)61()53()412()37()214()18(
=
×+×+×+×+×+×
=x 
2E‫א‬‫א‬W 
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 75.1
145
68.2158.2348.21238.2728.21418.28
222222
2
≅
−
−+−+−+−+−+−
=s 
3E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
32.175.1 ≅=s 
4E45=n‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
323
2
145
2
1 ==== ++ xxxmed n 
5E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
2=mode 
W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FWTLfx 82CASIO −WE 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FSDMODEKE 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F=SclSHIFTKE 
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬DTKE 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬FxSHIFTE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F1nxσSHIFT −E‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE 
٢٨W‫א‬‫א‬FEW 
81.081.082.080.082.081.082.081.081.080.0 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬W 
‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
-٨٢-
‫א‬‫א‬W 
 
‫א‬‫א‬FE ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
0.8022 
0.8157 
0.82310 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
( ) ( )
cmmode
cmxxxxxxmed
cms
cms
cmx
nn
81.0
81.081.081.0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
007348.0000054.0
054000.0
110
)82.0811.0(3)81.0811.0(5)80.0811.0(2
811.0
10
)82.03()81.05()80.02(
65
1
2
10
2
10
1
22
2
222
2
=
=+=+=
⎟
⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜
⎜
⎝
⎛
+=
⎟
⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜
⎜
⎝
⎛
+=
≅=
≅
−
−+−+−
=
=
×+×+×
=
++
 
 
١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
1097664 
٢W‫א‬20‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬ 910121314151617181920
‫א‬ 12127217264
‫א‬K 
٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
441043 
‫א‬١٠‫א‬K 
٤W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 111110109115110105K 
‫א‬K 
٥W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Text Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her Back
Text Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her BackText Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her Back
Text Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her BackExbackExpertFrankie
 
Tema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silvicultura
Tema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silviculturaTema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silvicultura
Tema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silviculturarubempaul
 
Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...
Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...
Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...America Magana
 
Estrategia global z 14
Estrategia global z  14Estrategia global z  14
Estrategia global z 14Sector14
 
Tutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora Escolar
Tutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora EscolarTutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora Escolar
Tutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora EscolarMary Harold
 

Viewers also liked (7)

Text Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her Back
Text Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her BackText Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her Back
Text Messages to Send to Your Ex Girlfriend to Get Her Back
 
Tema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silvicultura
Tema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silviculturaTema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silvicultura
Tema 3 A agricultura, a gandaría, a pesca e a silvicultura
 
Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...
Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...
Guía para la elaboración del Plan de Trabajo del Supervisor de Educación Bási...
 
Guion powtoon fesac_2016
Guion powtoon fesac_2016Guion powtoon fesac_2016
Guion powtoon fesac_2016
 
Netlogo PPT
Netlogo PPTNetlogo PPT
Netlogo PPT
 
Estrategia global z 14
Estrategia global z  14Estrategia global z  14
Estrategia global z 14
 
Tutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora Escolar
Tutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora EscolarTutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora Escolar
Tutorial para la elaboración de la Estrategia Global de Mejora Escolar
 

Similar to مقدمة في الإحصاء والإحتمالات

Resultados 2 série
Resultados 2 sérieResultados 2 série
Resultados 2 sérieguest3492c4
 
Resultados 3 série
Resultados 3 sérieResultados 3 série
Resultados 3 sérieguest3492c4
 
Resultados 1 série
Resultados 1 sérieResultados 1 série
Resultados 1 sérieguest3492c4
 
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...
Computer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...Computer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...Ta Nam
 
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah
Computer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shahComputer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shahTa Nam
 
Your App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data Report
Your App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data ReportYour App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data Report
Your App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data ReportBraze (formerly Appboy)
 
Good Enough Analytics
Good Enough AnalyticsGood Enough Analytics
Good Enough AnalyticsKai Xin Thia
 
Rants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdf
Rants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdfRants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdf
Rants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdfCurt MacRae
 

Similar to مقدمة في الإحصاء والإحتمالات (9)

Resultados 2 série
Resultados 2 sérieResultados 2 série
Resultados 2 série
 
Resultados 2 série
Resultados 2 sérieResultados 2 série
Resultados 2 série
 
Resultados 3 série
Resultados 3 sérieResultados 3 série
Resultados 3 série
 
Resultados 1 série
Resultados 1 sérieResultados 1 série
Resultados 1 série
 
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...
Computer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...Computer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah - allbookfre...
 
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah
Computer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shahComputer vision   fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah
Computer vision fundamentals of computer vision - mubarak shah
 
Your App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data Report
Your App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data ReportYour App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data Report
Your App Metrics Are Telling You How To Make Them Better: The Digits Data Report
 
Good Enough Analytics
Good Enough AnalyticsGood Enough Analytics
Good Enough Analytics
 
Rants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdf
Rants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdfRants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdf
Rants by Mac Columns - 2021 - ALL.pdf
 

Recently uploaded

Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptxVerification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptxchumtiyababu
 
Thermal Engineering Unit - I & II . ppt
Thermal Engineering  Unit - I & II . pptThermal Engineering  Unit - I & II . ppt
Thermal Engineering Unit - I & II . pptDineshKumar4165
 
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech studentsAIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech studentsvanyagupta248
 
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptxWork-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptxJuliansyahHarahap1
 
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the startDesign For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the startQuintin Balsdon
 
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal loadkiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal loadhamedmustafa094
 
Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...
Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...
Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...Arindam Chakraborty, Ph.D., P.E. (CA, TX)
 
DC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equation
DC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equationDC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equation
DC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equationBhangaleSonal
 
NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...
NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...
NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...Amil baba
 
Computer Networks Basics of Network Devices
Computer Networks  Basics of Network DevicesComputer Networks  Basics of Network Devices
Computer Networks Basics of Network DevicesChandrakantDivate1
 
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakesDeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakesMayuraD1
 
Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...
Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...
Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...drmkjayanthikannan
 
School management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdfSchool management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
 
Thermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.ppt
Thermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.pptThermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.ppt
Thermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.pptDineshKumar4165
 
Double Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torque
Double Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torqueDouble Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torque
Double Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torqueBhangaleSonal
 
Online food ordering system project report.pdf
Online food ordering system project report.pdfOnline food ordering system project report.pdf
Online food ordering system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
 
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdfdata_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdfJiananWang21
 
Hostel management system project report..pdf
Hostel management system project report..pdfHostel management system project report..pdf
Hostel management system project report..pdfKamal Acharya
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Call Girls in South Ex (delhi) call me [🔝9953056974🔝] escort service 24X7
Call Girls in South Ex (delhi) call me [🔝9953056974🔝] escort service 24X7Call Girls in South Ex (delhi) call me [🔝9953056974🔝] escort service 24X7
Call Girls in South Ex (delhi) call me [🔝9953056974🔝] escort service 24X7
 
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptxVerification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
 
Thermal Engineering Unit - I & II . ppt
Thermal Engineering  Unit - I & II . pptThermal Engineering  Unit - I & II . ppt
Thermal Engineering Unit - I & II . ppt
 
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech studentsAIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
 
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptxWork-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
 
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the startDesign For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
 
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal loadkiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
 
Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...
Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...
Navigating Complexity: The Role of Trusted Partners and VIAS3D in Dassault Sy...
 
DC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equation
DC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equationDC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equation
DC MACHINE-Motoring and generation, Armature circuit equation
 
NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...
NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...
NO1 Top No1 Amil Baba In Azad Kashmir, Kashmir Black Magic Specialist Expert ...
 
Computer Networks Basics of Network Devices
Computer Networks  Basics of Network DevicesComputer Networks  Basics of Network Devices
Computer Networks Basics of Network Devices
 
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakesDeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
 
Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...
Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...
Unit 4_Part 1 CSE2001 Exception Handling and Function Template and Class Temp...
 
School management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdfSchool management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdf
 
Thermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.ppt
Thermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.pptThermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.ppt
Thermal Engineering -unit - III & IV.ppt
 
Double Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torque
Double Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torqueDouble Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torque
Double Revolving field theory-how the rotor develops torque
 
Online food ordering system project report.pdf
Online food ordering system project report.pdfOnline food ordering system project report.pdf
Online food ordering system project report.pdf
 
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdfdata_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
 
Integrated Test Rig For HTFE-25 - Neometrix
Integrated Test Rig For HTFE-25 - NeometrixIntegrated Test Rig For HTFE-25 - Neometrix
Integrated Test Rig For HTFE-25 - Neometrix
 
Hostel management system project report..pdf
Hostel management system project report..pdfHostel management system project report..pdf
Hostel management system project report..pdf
 

مقدمة في الإحصاء والإحتمالات

  • 2. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٦٤- ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬KK    ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  •‫א‬ •‫א‬ •‫א‬‫א‬ •‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬٨٠٪K    ‫א‬‫א‬:‫א‬
  • 3. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٦٥- ‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬FermatdePierrePascalBlaise١٦٥٤K ‫א‬GrauntJohn١٦٦٢‫א‬، ‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ١K‫א‬W  ١W‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬ K  ١WW  }15,12,9,6,3,0,3,6{ }9,7,5,3,1{ }5,4,3,2,1,0{ −−= = = C B A   ‫א‬W  }05{=A  }19{=B  }‫א‬36−15{=C  ٢WS‫א‬ K،‫א‬SW)(ScardK 
  • 4. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٦٦- ٢W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١W  8)(,5)(,6)( === CcardBcardAcard  ٣WAS‫א‬A SKWSA ⊆WSA ⊄KK  ٣W‫א‬‫א‬W  }5,2,1{},8,5,3,2,0,1{},8,4,3,2,1,0{},3,2,1{ −=−=== DCBA  ‫א‬A‫א‬B‫א‬C1 CK  ‫א‬D‫א‬CK  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬φ،‫א‬W0)( =φcardK  ٥W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BA×AB‫א‬‫א‬),( ba aAbBK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬W  }1,0{},9,5{},5,2,1,0{ === CBA  ‫א‬W  1) BA× , 2) CBA ××  ‫א‬W  )}1,9,5(),1,5,5(),1,9,2(),1,5,2(),1,9,1(),1,5,1(),1,9,0(),1,5,0( ),0,9,5(),0,5,5(),0,9,2(),0,5,2(),0,9,1(),0,5,1(),0,9,0(),0,5,0{()2 )}9,5(),5,5(),9,2(),5,2(),9,1(),5,1(),9,0(),5,0{()1 =×× =× CBA BA   ١W‫א‬‫א‬ABW  )()()( BcardAcardBAcard ×=×  ‫א‬‫א‬K  ٥W‫א‬‫א‬W  16224)()()()( 824)()()( =××=××=×× =×=×=× CcardBcardAcardCBAcard BcardAcardBAcard   ٢K‫א‬W  ٦WK 
  • 5. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٦٧- ٦WW  ١E‫؟‬  ٢E‫א‬6,5,4,3,2,1K  ٣E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٤E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬KE  ٥E‫א‬‫א‬K  ٧W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KSK  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ٧W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦K  ‫א‬W  ١E‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬D ‫א‬‫א‬NKKW},{ DNS =K  ٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W}6,5,4,3,2,1{=SK  ٣E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬WL، WD،WUKW},,{ UDLS =K  ٤E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WT‫א‬،WH KW},{ THS =K  ٥E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬٤W  { } { } { }TTTHHTHHTHTHS ,,,,, =×=  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  }},{},,{},,{{ TTTHHHS =  ‫א‬‫א‬K  ٨W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٨W‫א‬6,5,4,3,2,1  ‫א‬‫א‬W 
  • 6. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٦٨- AWW}5,3,1{=A،  BWW}6,4,2{=B،  CW4W}6,5{=CK  ٩W414‫א‬W12K‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ١E‫א‬K  ٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WAW،‫א‬BW‫א‬ ،‫א‬CW،‫א‬DW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  }}2,1{},4,2{},3,2{},4,1{},3,1{{ }},2,1{{}},4,2{},3,2{},4,1{},3,1{{}},4,3{{)2 6)(}}4,3{},4,2{},3,2{},4,1{},3,1{},2,1{{)1 = === == D CBA ScardS   ٩W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  ١E‫א‬BA U‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABK  ٢EBA I‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AB‫א‬K  ٣EA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AK  WBABA IU =BABA UI =K  ١٠W‫א‬6,5,4,3,2,1  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WAW٣،BW٦،CWK  1EK  2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WABCK  3E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WBA ICA ICB ICBA IIBA UCA U CB UCBA UUK  4E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WABBA UBA IK  5E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4K 
  • 7. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٦٩- ‫א‬W  φφ ====== ===== ==== === == {},{}},6{},3,2,1{)4 ,},6,5,4,2{,}6,5,4,3,2,1{ }4{},4,2{},6,4{},5,4{)3 },6,4,2{},5,4,3,2,1{},6,5,4{)2 6)(}6,5,4,3,2,1{)1 BABABA SCBASCBCASBA CBACBCABA CBA ScardS IU UUUUU IIIII  5EAW4،BW5،  BA UW36،  BA IW45K    ٣K‫א‬W  ١٠W‫א‬S‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ،‫א‬‫א‬AW )( )( )( Scard Acard AP =K  ١١W‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬W},{ THS =‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬W  %50 2 1 )( })({ })({ === Scard Hcard HP  )(HP})({HPK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬W  %50 2 1 )( })({ })({)( ==== Scard Tcard TPTP  ١٢W‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬W{ } { } { }TTTHHTHHTHTHS ,,,,, =×= ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W  %25 4 1 )( })({ )( === Scard HHcard HHP
  • 8. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٠- ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  %50 4 2 )( }),({ }),({ === Scard THHTcard THHTP  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W}},{},,{},,{{ TTTHHHS =′‫א‬ ‫א‬},{ TH‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬},{ HH ‫א‬K  ١٣W‫א‬١٠K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABCK  ‫א‬W  %50 6 3 )(%,33.83 6 5 )(%,50 6 3 )( }6,4,2{},5,4,3,2,1{},6,5,4{ 6)(}6,5,4,3,2,1{ ==≅=== === == CPBPAP CBA ScardS   ١١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  ١E‫א‬01K  ٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E1٪100K  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ١٤W‫א‬‫א‬514‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬ 5 67 8 9 1011121314 ‫א‬ .050.17.08.11.23.06.14.13.03 ‫א‬‫א‬W  1E11‫א‬K  2E9‫א‬‫א‬K  3E813K  4E4‫א‬K  5E20K 
  • 9. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧١- ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬W}14,13,12,11,10,9,8,7,6,5{=SKABCD E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬15‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 011K  0)({})5 0)({})4 %7513.014.006.023.011.008.0 )13()12()11()10()9()8()( }13,12,11,10,9,8{)3 %5903.013.014.006.023.0 )14()13()12()11()10()( }14,13,12,11,10{)2 %6423.011.008.017.000.005.0 )10()9()8()7()6()5()( }10,9,8,7,6,5{)1 =⇒== =⇒== =+++++= +++++= = =++++= ++++= = =+++++= +++++= = EPE DPD PPPPPPAP C PPPPPAP B PPPPPPAP A φ φ   ٤K‫א‬‫א‬  ١٢W‫א‬‫א‬AB‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬AF 0)( ≠APKE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬WAS‫א‬‫א‬W( )ABPK  ١٥W‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬W  AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ABK  ‫א‬‫א‬W},,,{ TTTHHTHHS =W},{ HTHHAS = }{HTAB =W%50 2 1 )( )( )( === AScard ABcard ABP
  • 10. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٢- ١٦W‫א‬‫א‬5‫א‬‫א‬3 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W  ١E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٣E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٤E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬W  AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤‫א‬WABAC BCK  ١E‫א‬‫א‬W},,,,,,,{ 32154321 BBBRRRRRS =54321 ,,,, RRRRR ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬321 ,, BBB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KW  0%5.62 8 5 )(},,,,,{ 54321 ≠=== APRRRRRA  ٢E،‫א‬‫א‬W  0%5.37 8 3 )(},,,{ 321 ≠=== BPBBBB  ٣E‫א‬‫א‬W},,,,,,{ 3215432 BBBRRRRAS =‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KW},,{ 321 BBBAC =W  %86.42 7 3 )( ≅=ACPK  ٤E‫א‬‫א‬W},,,,,,{ 3254321 BBRRRRRBS =‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KW},{ 32 BBBC =W  %57.28 7 2 )( ≅=BCPK   
  • 11. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٣- ٢WSAB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  )0)(( )( )( )()3 )()()()()2 )(1)(),(1)()1 0)(,1)()0 ≠= −+= −=−= == AP AP ABP ABP BAPBPAPBAP APAPAPAP PSP I IU φ   ١٧W‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬W  1E‫א‬‫א‬K  2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬W  { } { } { } { } { } 162222)( ,...,,,, ,,,, =×××= = ×××= Scard TTTTTHHHHTHHHHHTHHHH THTHTHTHS   K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬12AB‫א‬K  %25.6 16 1 )(}{)1 ==⇒= APTTTTA  ٢E‫א‬BWBW‫א‬،‫א‬W  %75.93 16 1 1)(1)()( =−=−==⇒= APAPBPAB  ‫א‬‫א‬١E‫א‬‫א‬K  ١٨W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬%70‫א‬‫א‬ %85‫א‬‫א‬%73‫א‬‫א‬ ‫؟‬‫א‬  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WAW‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬BA U‫א‬W
  • 12. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٤- 73.0)(,85.0)(,7.0)( === BAPBPAP I  ‫א‬‫א‬٢E‫א‬‫א‬W  %8273.085.07.0)()()()( =−+=−+= BAPBPAPBAP IU  ١٩W‫א‬١٥‫א‬‫א‬٣E‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬W},,,{ TTTHHTHHS =K  ‫א‬W  AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ABKW  %50 4 2 2 1 4 1 )( )( )( }{},,{},,{ ==== === AP BAP ABP HTBATTHTBHTHHA I I   ١٣WAB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،W  )()()( BPAPBAP ×=I  ‫א‬K  ٣WABK‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬W )()()( BPAPBAP ×=I  ‫א‬‫א‬W )()()( ABPAPBAP ×=I  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫؟‬K  ٢٠W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.2K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K 
  • 13. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٥- ‫א‬WAW‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬BA I‫א‬W  2.0)(,1.0)( == ABPAP  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  %22.01.0)()()( =×=×= ABPAPBAP I  ٢١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CW‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AB‫א‬K‫א‬AC BC‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬W  { } { } { } { } 8222)( ,,,,,,, ,,, =××= = ××= Scard TTTTTHTHTTHHHTTHTHHHTHHH THTHTHS   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  %25 8 2 )(},,{ %50 8 4 )(},,,,{ %50 8 4 )(},,,,{ === === === CPTHHHHTC BPTHTTHHHHTHHHB APHTTHTHHHTHHHA   ١E‫א‬ABW  )()(%50%50%25 8 2 )(},{ BPAPBAPHHTHHHBA ×=×===⇒= II  ABK  ٢E‫א‬ACW  )()(%25%50%5.12 8 1 )(}{ CPAPCAPHHTCA ×=×===⇒= II  ACK  ١E‫א‬BCW 
  • 14. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٦- )()(%25%50%5.12%25 8 2 )(},{ CPBPCBPTHHHHTCB ×=×=≠==⇒= II  BCK  ٢٢W‫א‬103K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  ١E‫א‬‫א‬  ٢E‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  AW،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ BA I  ١E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABKW  %49 10 7 10 7 )()()( =×=×= BPAPBAP I  ٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABKW  %67.46 9 6 10 7 )()()( ≅×=×= ABPAPBAP I   
  • 15. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٧-     ١W‫א‬}6,5,4,3,2,1{KK  1EK  2EW  AW،BW،CWK  3E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2K  ٢W‫א‬‫א‬W}4,3,2,1{=SK‫א‬W  0)4(, 4 1 )3(, 4 1 )2(, 2 1 )1()4 8 1 )4(, 8 1 )3(, 4 1 )2(, 2 1 )1()3 2 1 )4(, 4 1 )3(, 4 1 )2(, 2 1 )1()2 5 1 )4(, 4 1 )3(, 3 1 )2(, 2 1 )1()1 ==== ==== =−=== ==== PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP ٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3‫؟‬‫א‬  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬4‫א‬3 ‫א‬5‫؟‬  ٥W50150K  ‫א‬‫א‬W  1E‫א‬7K  2E11K  3E19K  ٦W5051100K  ‫א‬‫א‬W  1E‫א‬53K  2E61K  3E79K 
  • 16. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٨- ٧WK‫א‬‫א‬W  1E‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬  2E‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  3E‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٨W‫א‬16KK  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  1E6K  2E‫א‬1K  3E4K   
  • 17. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٧٩- ٥K‫א‬W  ١٤W‫א‬‫א‬ KK  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٢٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٢٤W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ٢٥W‫א‬٤٥W  4,3,1,5,2,4,4,2,3,1,4,2,5,1,3 ,2,4,1,3,2,2,4,4,2,4,4,1,3,4,2 ,1,3,4,2,6,2,4,1,2,2,2,5,3,1,2   ١٥W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ٢٦W‫א‬‫א‬K  ١E‫؟‬‫א‬  ٢E‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  ١E‫א‬45K  ٢E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 18 8  214 22  37 29  412 41 
  • 18. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٨٠- 53 44  61 45  ‫א‬ 45   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W    1 2 3 4 5 6 2 4 6 8 10 12 14   ١٦W‫א‬‫א‬W},,,{ 21 nxxx L‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬W  n xxx x n+++ = L21   ‫א‬   ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 22 2 2 12 − −++−+− = n xxxxxx s nL   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  2 ss =  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬W  ‫א‬n‫א‬W  2 1+= nxmed  ‫א‬n‫א‬W  2 1 22 + + = nn xx med  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KWmodeK  ‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
  • 19. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٨١- ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K  ٢٧W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W  1E‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  8.2 45 )61()53()412()37()214()18( = ×+×+×+×+×+× =x  2E‫א‬‫א‬W  ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 75.1 145 68.2158.2348.21238.2728.21418.28 222222 2 ≅ − −+−+−+−+−+− =s  3E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  32.175.1 ≅=s  4E45=n‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  323 2 145 2 1 ==== ++ xxxmed n  5E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  2=mode  W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FWTLfx 82CASIO −WE  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FSDMODEKE  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F=SclSHIFTKE  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬DTKE  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬FxSHIFTE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F1nxσSHIFT −E‫א‬ F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE  ٢٨W‫א‬‫א‬FEW  81.081.082.080.082.081.082.081.081.080.0  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬W 
  • 20. ‫א‬ ١١٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ -٨٢- ‫א‬‫א‬W    ‫א‬‫א‬FE ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  0.8022  0.8157  0.82310  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  ( ) ( ) cmmode cmxxxxxxmed cms cms cmx nn 81.0 81.081.081.0 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 007348.0000054.0 054000.0 110 )82.0811.0(3)81.0811.0(5)80.0811.0(2 811.0 10 )82.03()81.05()80.02( 65 1 2 10 2 10 1 22 2 222 2 = =+=+= ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += ≅= ≅ − −+−+− = = ×+×+× = ++     ١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  1097664  ٢W‫א‬20‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬ 910121314151617181920 ‫א‬ 12127217264 ‫א‬K  ٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  441043  ‫א‬١٠‫א‬K  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 111110109115110105K  ‫א‬K  ٥W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬