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3) Define Federalism. Explain the development of Federalism from the ratification of the Constitution to today. How do we explain the different forms of federalism or changes in the relationship between the federal government and the states that have emerged through the years? In what ways do the National government and the state governments come into conflict (over what kinds of issues)? What stage do you think federalism is in today? Why? Make sure to support your answer with a current event. Cite it in the paper. Make sure to discuss the Supreme Court decisions that have shaped/influenced the development of federalism AND ANY OTHER IMPORTANT HISTORICAL EVENTS. You should provide a thesis in this essay. Important terms—Federalist/Anti-federalist, John Marshall, Commerce Clause, Implied Powers, Article VI (supremacy clause) McCulloch v Maryland, Gibbons s Ogden, Dual Federalism, Cooperative Federalism, Civil War Amendments, Civil Rights Legislation, Brown V. Board(1954), Cohens vs. Virginia(1821), U.S. vs. E.C. Night(1898), Creative Federalism, No Child Left Behind, Devolution, Laissez Faire Federalism, Creative Federalism, Great Society, War on Poverty, 10th A, Printz v US, US v Lopez (1995) Hamner v. Dagenhart (1918), Lochner v. New York (1919), Doctrine of Succession, Doctrine of Nullification, etc (there are more cases). Also make sure to discuss the video Can States do it Better? (in class). It should be in five pages and in thesis statement .

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Chapter 2 The Constitution and it’s framing. Lesson Plans 1. History and philosophy leading up to the constitution. 2. The revolution 3. Articles of Confederation 4. Constitutional Convention 5. Key Figures 6. Compromises 7. Amendments Enlightenment and the Country’s founding The founding of the country was based in principles in the European enlightenment. One of the Enlightenment’s goals was to base governance on rationality. Prior to the Enlightenment, governance was justified through tradition rather than reason. Locke v Hobbes Hobbes argued that the rationality for government was to prevent the state of nature. Hobbes argued that life without the state would be a war between all and nasty, brutish and short. He advocated for a dictator to prevent this. Locke disagreed. Locke argued that people would rather deal with what he called the mischief of foxes and polecats than to be devoured by lions. This means that conflicts between individuals are manageable, but a tyrannical state is impossible to avoid. Locke’s justification for a state is the social contract which is an agreement that the state protects rights. However if a state abuses its people, then it loses its legitimacy. Locke’s principles drove the American Revolution. The Revolution The colonies originally had more freedom to run their own land prior to the Seven Years War (war between France and England). The colonists were prevented to settle past Appalachia. To pay back the taxes that resulted from the Seven Years War, England levied taxes on the colonists. Colonists demanded representation in Parliament. Stamp Act, (Tax on Paper goods) Townsend Act (Tax on glass, Tea, Paint) The Colonies boycotted British Manufacturing goods. Britain sent troops to the colonies, leading to an altercation with the troops known as the Boston Massacre Britain passed an act that granted a monopoly on the British East India Tea Company, which led to the “Boston Tea Party.” The Revolution cont. These acts led to the state of Massachusetts to revolt, followed by the rest of the colonies. The Declaration of Independence laid out the principles that drove the colonies to revolt against England. This listed out the ways that Britain abused its power regarding the Social Contract. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed” This quote has driven the ideals in which we govern ourselves. Articles of Confederation Immediately following the revolution, the new nation agreed on the Articles of confederation. The articles of confederation is the governing body that ruled the nation between the end of the Revolution and the creation of the constitution. A confede ...

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