Dental Therapy Analgesics

1. Dental Therapy
Analgesics((Painkillers))

2. The term "Analgesic" is derived from two Greek words:
1) an("Without")
2) algos("pain")
Analgesic = without pain
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3. Definition:
Analgesics are A class of drugs that are designed to
relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness.
.it is one of the most important drugs in dentistry
Contrary to
Anesthetic
Never conduction block.
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4. Dental Pain: :
One of the most
common causes of
patients seeking
emergency treatment
in dentistry.
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5. Who is responsible for the pain?

6. ((Prostaglandins))
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Increasing responsiveness:
Prostaglandins are a group of lipids with hormone-like actions
that your body makes primarily at sites of tissue damage or
infection.

7. Presentation title 7
Mechanism of Action of Analgesics:
Analgesic drugs produce analgesia by actions at several levels of
the nervous system like:
 Inhibition of neurotransmitter release.
 Inhibition the COX1 and COX2 enzymes.
 By acting on receptors located on the neuronal cell membranes.

8. Presentation title 8
Classification of Analgesics:
 Non-narcotic analgesics
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).
 Narcotic analgesics
Opioids

9. Presentation title 9
Classification of Analgesics:
 Non-narcotic analgesics
Drugs produce antinociceptive effects mainly through peripheral
cyclooxygenase inhibition and other mechanisms.
 Narcotic analgesics / Opioids.
These are drugs that relieve pain, by binding to opioid receptors,
which are present in the central and peripheral nervous system, can cause
numbness and induce a state of unconsciousness.

10. Common analgesic
ni desu sgurd
yrtsitned

11. Generic name:
Ibuprofen:-
Brands name: advil

12. what is the Ibuprofen?
is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by reducing hormones that cause
inflammation and Pain in the body...
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Dose:-
 250 mg
 200 mg
 100 mg
 400mg
 500mg
 the maximum dose.
2, 400 mg/day
Formulation
● Cap- tap
● Susp – syrup
● Gel

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Contraindication:-
1- Do not use before or after heart bypass surgery (coronary
Artery bypass graft or CABC.
2- Avoid During Pregnancy.
3- History of peptic ulcer or Gl Bleeding.
4- hype sensitivity to NSAIDs Including Aspirin
5. Patient with Chronic Kidney disease.
6- patient with chest pain (angina).
7- patient with (Anticoagulants) such as warfarin
Generic name: Ibuprofen:-
Indication:-
1. Moderate Pain such as toothache -
back pain -arthritis.
2. reduce fever and Anti-inflammatory.
3. use the after Surgery difficult than the
Paracetamol after the simple surgery.
4. Breast feeding mother.
5. used in patients 6 months and older.

14. side effect:
1- Abdominal pain.
2- nausea
3- vomiting
4-decrease in amount
urine.
5- Nervousness.
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15. Generic name:
diclofene sodium
Brands name: Voltaren

16. what is the Diclofene?
is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drag
(NSAID) that works by reducing Pain and Swelling redness.
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Dose:-
 75 mg
 50 mg
 25 mg
Formulation
● Cap- tap
● Gel
● inj

17. 1/17/2023 PRESENTATION TITLE 17
Contraindication:-
1- ischemic heart disease.
2- Congestive heart failure.
3- Cerebrovascular disease.
4- Peripheral arterial disease.
5- Pregnancy.
Indication:-
1. Mild to moderate pain.
2. TMJ Pain.
3. osteoarthritis.
4. rheumatoid arthritis.
5. arthritis of the spine

18. side effect:
1- Stomach bleeds especially with higher doses and longer use.
2- Stroke, heart attack.
3- Blood pressure.
4- headaches.
5- Swelling in the arms and legs.
6- Vomiting.
7- stomach Pain
8- Anemia
9- Nausea
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19. Aspirin Dispersible Tablets,
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less effective and high side effects:
Do not prescribe aspirin following a dental extraction or other minor surgery.
Avoid use in those with a known allergy to aspirin or hypersensitivity to aspirin
or any other NSAID…

20. 1/17/2023 PRESENTATION TITLE 20
Generic name:
Acetaminophen
➢Brand name:
PARACETAMOL+Panado

21. 1/17/2023 PRESENTATION TITLE 21
WHAT IS PARACETAMOL?
Continue
Paracetamol is commonly
prescribed to relieve pain
and fever .
The proper mechanism of
action is not known for
Paracetamol. generally
safe for most people

22. Indications:
1. Headache
2. Fever and Cold
3. Muscle aches
4. Arthritis
5. Pregnancy
6. Toothache

23. Contraindicated:
A. Nephritis
B. Chronic hepatitis
C. Bleeding disorder

24. Formulaion:
1. Tablat
2. Injection
3. Syrap

25. Doses:
1000mg
500mg
250mg
600
-
300 mg

26. Paracetamol.Important.
Adults can take two,
500mg tablets, 4 times in
24 hours. You must wait
at least 4 hours between
doses. Do not take more
than 8 tablets in 24

30. Side Effects.
1) Nausea
2) Vomiting
3) Stomach pain
4) Loss of appetite
5) dark urine
6) yellowish
skin

31. Naproxen:
➢ Generic name:
Naproxen
➢ Brand name:
MAXIPAN+NAPROFEN

32. Naproxen is a
nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drug
(NSAID). It works by
reducing hormones
that cause
inflammation and pain
in the body.

33. Indication:
1. Tendonitis
2. Muscle aches, strains, and
sprains
3. Headaches
4. Dental pain
5. Fever

34. 1. Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs.
2. Higher risk of stomach
bleeding.
3. High blood pressure, heart
disease, liver cirrhosis, or
kidney disease.
4. pregnancy (lead to reduce
blood flow to baby’s kidney and
other important structures.

35. Formulation:
1 Tap
Dose:
275mg
500mg
550mg
every 6
-
12 hours
as needed

38. 1. Headache.
2. Ringing in the
ears.
3. Changes in
vision.
4. Feeling sleepy
or tired.
5. Feeling dizzy.
6. Rashe.

39. Tramadol
➢Generic
name:Tramadol
➢Brand name:
Tramal+Mabron

40. What is tramadol?
Tramadol is a powerful pain
reliever that increases the
risk of
addiction, misuse, and use
for non-medical reasons.
Misuse of
this drug can lead to
overdose and death

41. Indication of Tramadol
mild-moderate severe pain
Mainly use for the treatment of
chronic pain
Less likely to generate
addiction
Not associated with major organ
toxicity
Less sedative effect
Slow gastric emptying

42. Hypersensitivity Acute
intoxication of any of the
following :
alcohol, narcotics,
centrally acting analgesics,
opioids. hypnotics .
psychotropic drugs.
Pregnancy

43. Formulation
Cap- tap-injection
Doses:
200 mg
100 mg
50 mg

44. Adults —
2 tablets
every 4 to 6 hours as
needed for up to 5
days.

47. Side Effect:
1. Stomach pain.
2. Nausea.
3. Diarrhea,
anxiety
Addiction.