Medical

1. By
Dr. omer abdelsalammohammed
Clinical and applied anatomy
neuroscience
The nervous system
DR.OMEr'sPPT
‫ال‬‫الرحمن‬‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
‫رحيم‬
Dr. OMEr's LECTURES SERIES
OLS

2. 1/ Introduction
a- Background :-
- Atoms- molecules- (cells/tissues)-
organs- systems- body.
- All systems work un-separately (in some
extent) and controlled by the Nervous
System.
- How far the Neuroanatomy is important
and fundamental for neurology?;-
- * localization (centers/conductors)
Functions attributed to a particular part of the brain or spinal
cord are found to be disordered,.
- * Specificity.
DR.OMEr'sPPT
- The system which manage and control all other
systems in order to allow the entire body to
perform its vital activities and keeps the
homeostasis of the body . Furthermore, the (N S)
works in harmony with (assists by) the
endocrine system.
a- Simple Definition of the Nervous System :-

3. 2/ Divisions
a1- Central ;-
a- According to position :-
a2- Peripheral ;-
b- According to function :-
(within both central and peripheral)
b1- Autonomic nervous system ;-
b2- Autosomal (Somatic) nervous system ;-
DR.OMEr'sPPT
* Cranial nerves (12 pairs).
* Spinal nerves (33 pairs).
* Ganglia and nerve plexuses.
* Brain.
* Spinal cord.
* Voluntary system.
*Involuntary system.

4. 3/ Main parts
a- Forebrain :-
b- Midbrain :-
a1- Cerebrum
(cerebral hemispheres) .
a2- Diencephalon;-
The Brain’s Formal Divisions
DR.OMEr'sPPT
- Thalamus.
- Metathalamus.
-Hypothalamus.
– Epithalamus.
- Subthalamus.

5. 5/Topographical anatomy (features) and covers
Inter-hemispheric
Fissure
Lateral Fissure
Central Sulcus
a1- Gyri.
a2- Sulci.
a3- 3 borders.
a4- 3 Surfaces.
a5- 3 poles.
a6- 4 Lobes
a- Brain (Cerebrum) :-
DR.OMEr'sPPT
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal
Occipital
Cerebellum

6. Lateral Ventricle
DR.OMEr'sPPT

8. DR.OMEr'sPPT
c- Hindbrain :-
c1- Pons .
c2- Medulla oblongata.
c3- Cerebellum .

10. External Morphology
- Resides inside
vertebral canal
- Extends from the
foramen magnum to
the level of the
vertebra L1 or L2 in
adult.
- Protected by bone,
meninges, and CSF
- The spinal dural
sheath – only one
layer

11. 1. Root – inside vertebral canal
a. dorsal sensory root with a
ganglion
b. ventral motor
2. Trunk - Mixed spinal nerves
3. Rami
a. dorsal - mixed to skin and
muscles of back
b. ventral - mixed “spinal
nerve” to ventrolateral body
surfaces and limbs
c. white ramus communicans
motor ANS
d. gray ramus communicans
motor ANS
DR.OMEr'sPPT