EIAR presentation nanotechnology
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EIAR presentation nanotechnology
- 1. Nanotechnology in Agriculture Jafar Sayyed 31/08/2015
- 2. Doc ID What is Nanotechnology? • Nanotechnology is the study, design, creation, synthesis, manipulation, and application of functional materials, devices, and systems through control of matter at the nanometer scale. • Materials exhibit unique properties at the nano scale.
- 3. Doc ID Goals of Nanotechnology in Agriculture • Reduce application of plant protection products • Minimize nutrient losses in fertilization • Improved information • Increase yields • Risk reduction
- 4. Doc ID Tools of Nanotechnology • Nanoparticles • Nanocapsules • Nanosensors • Nanoporous zeolites
- 5. Doc ID Nano Fertilizers • Nanotechnology can be applied to fertilizers • More effective and reduced usage 4
- 6. Doc ID Nano Pesticides and Herbicides • Use of nano capsules • Improved penetration
- 7. Doc ID Disease Prevention • Delivery of antimicotics • Toxin removal • Rapid detection • Nanoparticles
- 8. Doc ID Soil Treatments • Nanomagnets for removal of soil contaminants • Nano Super Absorbents for water retention
- 9. Doc ID Nanosensors • Nanotechnology has developed highly sensitive bio-chemical sensors • Cheaper and more effective than traditional methods • Uses in soil analysis, bio-chemical sensing and control, water management and delivery, pesticide and nutrient delivery • Enables direct soil analysis 8
- 10. Doc ID Genetic Modification • Nanoparticle genetic carriers • Broad application to any species • Specific transformation
- 11. Doc ID Livestock • Nano-sized additives for feed • Disease diagnosis and treatment • Nanosensors for pest detection
- 12. Doc ID Food Processing and Storage • Nanocomposites for plastic film coatings • Antibacterial nanoemulsions • Antigen detecting biosensors
- 13. Doc ID Requirements for Implementation of Nanotechnology in Agriculture • Scaling to mass production • Risk assessment • Manpower training and research infrastructure • Political • Partnerships
- 14. Doc ID Additional Applications for Nanotechnology in Ethiopia • Energy • Water testing and treatment • Medical
- 15. Doc ID Nanotechnology and the UN Sustainable Development Goals • Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere • Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture • Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages • Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning • Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls • Goal 6: Ensure access to water and sanitation for all • Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all • Goal 8: Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all • Goal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation • Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries • Goal 11: Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable • Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns • Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts • Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources • Goal 15: Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss • Goal 16: Promote just, peaceful and inclusive societies • Goal 17: Revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
- 16. Doc ID Thank You
Editor's Notes
- Hello and Thank you for coming Welcome to my presentation On application of .. My name And I am student Interning at KOPIA Lets begin http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=37064.php https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/default/files/ipts_jrc_89736_%28online%29__final.pdf
- Nanometer scale: 1-100nm, allows manipulation of individual atoms and molecules Working at the nanoscale will enable the development of more effective and cheaper technology to improve the world Unique physical, chemical, electrical, mechanical, optical and magnetic characteristics) In developing countries nanotechnologies can have important applications in several agri-food areas, such as food security, input delivery, rice production systems, agri-biotechnology, healthcare of animals, precision farming, food industry and water use Read more: Nanotechnology in agriculture
- Resist degradation and exhibit targeting. Smaller amount, more effective, less environmental damage. Innovation is needed in agriculture to feed the worlds booming population without causing irreparable harm to the environment Innovation: Technical innovation in agriculture is of extreme importance, in particular to address global challenges such as population growth, climate change and the limited availability of important plant nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium. Cheaply effectively no envir damage Incremetal improvements to existing systems Farmers will hare more reliable methods of crop control.
- Primary tools that will be applied to Agriculture. Nanocapsules: hollow shells that can be filled with and active agent and modified for the desired release Zeolites: honeycomb like structure for slow release. Also for absorption of toxins Capsules: active compounds protected from degradation (by external agents or the crop itself). The compounds are not involuntarily dispersed into the soil, allowing the use of a reduced amount of active compounds for plant treatments and consequently causing a lower environmental impact. Other environmental benefits of using nanodevices, e.g. nanoclays, derive from the potential reduction of leaching and further water contamination. Additionally, thanks to the protective capsule, it is possible to use also labile chemical products for plant protection, which can be less harmful to the environment and are currently not employed in agriculture because of their quick degradation. Finally, nanoparticles linked with biomolecules with specific affinity (e.g. antibodies or aptamers) guarantee the selectivity and specificity of targets. http://www.teara.govt.nz/files/di-5261-enz.jpg
- According to literature, there are many opportunities in the application of nano-scale pesticides and fertilizers, in particular to avoid unwanted losses due to the way of application, volatilisation or chemical reactions, excretion by the plant, microbial degradation, etc8 . Nanotechnology can contribute to minimise these losses thanks to a more stable emulsion, better leaf coverage, lower application rates, precise application, UV-protection and controlled release. Zeolite: supplement that traps heavy metals and toxins for removal. Also used to slow release fertilizer, nutrients, drugs
- Smaller amount of active compound for equal effectiveness As an example, in Canada polymer nanoparticles have been developed that are less than 10nm in size and hold active pesticide ingredients to be delivered to plants13. These particles show the advantage of coating leaves evenly and improve plant penetration. Nanocapsules protect the active compound and improve the solubility and the penetration into plant tissues. The capsule shell can be designed to relese the compound quickly or gradually after the shell opening is triggered by certain circumstances. (ph, enzymatic degradation) https://www.google.com/search?q=nanotechnology&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAoQ_AUoBGoVChMI6P7Ut4jRxwIVC51yCh3Z-gIK&biw=864&bih=885#imgrc=qu-WLyg1zeXYEM%3A
- An example of application of nanocapsules for plant protection is the use of nanodisks for delivering amphotericin B, an important antimicotic. The nanodisk is a matrix composed by a bilayer of phospholipids containing the molecules of amphotericin inside16. This structure protects amphotericin molecules against the degradation by external agents (e.g. pH or light) while improving its solubilisation. Particles TiO2 photocatalysts.
- Geohumus, is a soil enhancer in a granular form that demonstrates swelling capacity, perfect long term mineralisation of water (ideal for continuous supply of water) and improved biological activity in soil. According to numerous studies, the use of Geohumus leads to improved root formation, improved aeration of the soil, and improved retention of nutrients and minerals, resulting in faster and better growth of plants, a greater yield and earlier harvest.
- The most important nanostructures for sensors and diagnostic devices are fullerenes, nanotubes, nanofibers, nanoparticles, nanocolums, nanocavities, graphene and carbon quantum dots. Decreased sensor and sample size Direct soil analysis using chemical mircoscopes without sampling, solvents, and reagent delivery More information to farmers – better decisions regarding their crops
- Nanoparticles carrying nucleic acid constructs and with specific ligands to penetrate the cell wall can increase the delivery of nucleic acid vectors into the plant cells, enhancing GM plant development. Can be used with any plant species, opposed to current transgenesis methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation can only be applied to selected species. Increased efficiency in transformation rate and ability to aim for both permanaent and temporal genetic transformations (gene silencing). Can also be used in vivo, not only in vitro. In vivo allows specific transformation on individual plant organs or parts (fruits, branches, etc.) https://www.google.com/search?q=food+packaging&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAWoVChMIidKL1pPRxwIVQ4HbCh0UWASE&biw=1173&bih=885#tbs=isz:lt%2Cislt:vga&tbm=isch&q=nano+particles&imgrc=42jm6aPQPyOYcM%3A
- Binds to toxins and pathogens in the animal and removes them Detoxification and Nanomedicine for Livestock
- Reduce degradation of products before sale Antibacterial nanoemulsions: decontamination of food equipment, packaging Antigen identification of pathogen contamination https://blogs.nottingham.ac.uk/malaysiaknowledgetransfer/files/2013/06/Siva001.jpg
- Lowering cost for mass development and deployment. No companies produce nanomaterials at a scale suitable for mass agricultural use. Lower costs will enable the future of agricultural nanotechnology. Starch-based nanomaterials. Only using nanomaterials that are know to be non toxic and biodegradable In this respect, particularly attractive are nanoparticles derived from biopolymers such as proteins and carbohydrates with low impact on human health and the environment. For instance, the potential of starch-based nanoparticles as nontoxic and sustainable delivery systems for agrochemicals and biostimulants is being extensively investigated. The most important environmental compartment for agricultural production is the soil, therefore more studies should investigate the behaviour and the effects of nanomaterials in natural soils under environmental conditions. ( Need studies on potential toxicity of some nano materials on plants and the environment. Saftey and information for the end consumer ) – Use of only non-toxic materials elimintates this risk http://enghunan.gov.cn/SP/Journal2011/201107/W020111229541987651213.jpg
- Cheap nano solar cells. Nanostructure batteries. Nanostructure hydrogen storage Nanoporous fmembrane for filtration. Nanosensor for contaminant detection Nanocapsules for drug compound delivery. Cheap nanosensors to improve desease detection away from equipment. Lab-on-a-chip. http://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.0020097 http://www.technologyreview.com/sites/default/files/images/nanosolar2.jpg http://cdn.phys.org/newman/gfx/news/hires/incorporatin.jpg
- Notice how nanotechnology will help achieve 8 of the UNSDG and improve the lives of the peoeple
- Thank you for coming. I would like to thank KOPIA and EIAR for giving me this opportunity and my experiences here in Ethiopia