How to face with growing problems of introduced alien plants, which became invasive? Is official control proper tool for preventing the introduction and spread?
How to face with growing problems of introduced alien plants, which became invasive? Is official control proper tool for preventing the introduction and spread?
Zdravstveno varstvo rastlin - Sistem v Republiki Sloveniji kot članici Evropske unije, 2009
Plant health - The system in Republic of Slovenia as EU
Memeber State, 2009
Gradivo je namenjeno krepitvi znanja inšpektorjev in pooblaščenih preglednikov, ki opravljajo fitosanitarne preglede oziroma nadzor zdravstvenega stanja rastlin, tako tistih prostorastočih kot gojenih.
Poseben poudarek je na poznavanju vsebin nadzora rastlin, s katerimi se ukvarjajo zavezanci za vpis v register. To so vse pravne in fizične osebe, ki se ukvarjajo s pridelavo, dodelavo, uvozom ali distribucijo oziroma s trženjem rastlinskega materiala, zlasti sadik in semena, za katere je potrebno opraviti uradni fitosanitarni pregled ob uvozu ali v pridelavi oziroma predelavi in izdati rastlinski potni list ali drugo ustrezno etiketo oziroma žig v vsaj eni fazi premeščanja znotraj Evropske unije.
An influence of newly occurred pests and diseases to production and nature in Slovenia
Preventive phytosanitary measures are the first element of sustainable production if they are implemented in consistent manner. Despite fact, that harmful organisms (HOs), listed in annexes of directive 2000/29/EC, pose known threat to the Community plant health, present regime allows for continuous introductions from risky areas aiming not to disturb trade in plants and plant products. Such setting a side of plant health in rural and natural environment only partly ensures food security and competitiveness of agriculture or safeguarding the natural environment. Hopefully review of the plant health system in EU will meet better general objectives like: Contributing to plant health protection through sustainable production; Ensuring competitiveness of producers; Ensuring food security; Safeguarding the natural environment (forests, public and private green, landscape, biodiversity). Specific objectives of phytosanitary legislation are: Providing protection against HOs that so far do not occur in the EU, Controlling HOs of still limited distribution which are so harmful that strict control on further spread is needed; Ensuring the availability and use of healthy plant material at the beginning of the plant production chain; Controlling the spread of HOs through movement of host plants/plant products. With increased trade unknown risks arise daily, which should be identified before outbreaks occur in EU. Neither EU pest risk analysis nor spread-risk and cost-benefit analysis are available for better decision making. All these are done mainly at national level at the occasion of necessity. Phytosanitary actions including mandatory surveillance of listed HO and laboratory or scientific support against some important HOs in Slovenia will be analysed in respect of cost-benefit.
Varstvo rastlin pred boleznimi in škodljivci je pomembno področje tako v kmetijski pridelavi kot pri ohranjanju gospodarnosti in biotske raznovrstnosti gozdov ter drugega naravnega rastja. Zato je velik poudarek na opisu rastlinskih bolezni in škodljivcev, ki sodijo med karantenske škodljive organizme in so pri nas manj poznani, saj se običajno ne pojavljajo.
Zbrano gradivo osvetljuje vzpostavitev sistema varovanja zdravja rastlin v Sloveniji, obvladovanje kritičnih točk pridelave in trgovine s semenom, sadikami in drugim razmnoževalnim materialom, opisuje implementacijo evropskih standardov s področja varstva rastlin in semenarstva ter sistem rastlinskega potnega lista, ki zmanjšuje ovire v trgovini z rastlinskim blagom na skupnem trgu Evropske unije.
Uredila: Vlasta Knapič
Avtorji: Domen Bajec, Kmetijsko gozdarski zavod Novo mesto
Mirjam Bukovec, Mojca Celar, Vlasta Knapič, mag. Simona Mavsar, mag. Erika Orešek, Primož Pajk, Fitosanitarna uprava Republike Slovenije
Doc. dr. Dušan Jurc, Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije
Prof. dr. Maja Jurc, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za gozdarstvo in obnovljive gozdne vire
Mag. Jože Miklavc, Kmetijsko gozdarski zavod Maribor
Dr. Sebastjan Radišek, dr. Magda Rak Cizej, Inštitut za hmeljarstvo in pivovarstvo Slovenije
Mag. Gabrijel Seljak, Kmetijsko gozdarski zavod Nova Gorica
Doc. dr. Stanislav Trdan, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za agronomijo
Doc. dr. Gregor Urek, dr. Mojca Marn Viršček, Kmetijski inštitut Slovenije
Measurements of spray drift were performed at herbicide application in maze at growth stage 3-4 leaves with different types of nozzles and at different spray volumes by use of fluorescent tracer technique. Use of drift-reducing nozzles caused 40-55 % reduction of spray drift at all studied distances from the field edge.
Na hmelju sta poleg 9 virusnih bolezni znana še dva molekularna patogena: hmeljev stunt viroid in hmeljev latentni viroid. Zaradi majhnosti in posebnosti v zgradbi viroidov je njihovo ugotavljanje in določevanje precej zahtevno.
