Empagliflozin drug used for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. SGLT 2 inhibitor drug which is relatively new drug with unique mechanism of action.

1. Empagliflozin
Prepared By:
Zeeshan Siddique

2. Pharmacology:
Study of drugs and their actions on living system
 Study of how drugs work in the body (sometimes referred to as 'drug actions').
 Two types of pharmacology are:
i. Pharmacodynamics
ii. Pharmacokinetics.

3. Drug:
 It is greek word.
 It means poison.
 A drug is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent or diagnose a disease and promote well being.

4. Generic Name:
 A term referring to any drug marked under its chemical name without advertising.
 Empagliflozin is Generic Name.
Available Brands:
 Brand names: Jardiance
 Drug class: SGLT-2 inhibitors
 Brand names: Glyxambi
 Drug class: antidiabetic combinations
 Brand names: Trijardy XR
 Drug class: antidiabetic combinations

5. Therapeutic Use:
 It is Used to Treat Type-II Diabetes.
 Empagliflozin is used along with diet and exercise, and sometimes with other medications, to lower
blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Empagliflozin is also used to reduce the risk of
stroke, heart attack, or death in people who have type 2 diabetes along with heart and blood vessel
disease. Empagliflozin is also used in adults with heart failure to reduce the risk of needing to be
hospitalized and death due to heart and blood vessel disease

6. Mechanism of Action:
 Empagliflozin works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) found in the proximal tubules in
the kidneys.
 Through SGLT2 inhibition, empagliflozin reduces renal reabsorption of glucose and increases urinary excretion of
glucose.
 Empagliflozin is a potent inhibitor of renal SGLT2 transporters located in the proximal tubules of the kidneys and
works to lower blood glucose levels via an increase in glucosuria.

7. Side Effects:
Most common side effects of Empagliflozin include;
 Dehydration.
 Dizziness.
 Ketoacidosis.
 Acute kidney injury.
 Urinary Tract Infection.
 Hyperlipidemia.

8. Available Dosage Forms:
 Glyxambi (Empagliflozin and Lina gliptin) tablets are available in 10 mg/5 mg and 25mg/5 mg strengths.
 Jardiance tablets are available in 10 mg and 25 mg.
 Trijardy XR available in 5mg/2.5mg/1000mg
 12.5mg/2.5mg/1000mg.
 10mg/5mg/1000mg.
 25mg/5mg/1000mg

9. Contraindications:
It is contraindicated in;
 End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD).
 In case of Hypersensitivity History.
 Empagliflozin should not taken in case of GFR less than 45ml/min .
 Should not used for Type I diabetes or those with diabetec ketoacidosis.

10. Storage Requirement:
 Empagliflozin can store in room temperature.
 Store Glyxambi at 25°C (77°F).
 Store TRIJARDY XR at room temperature between 68 F to 77 F.

11. Drug –Drug Interactions:
Empagliflozin has multiple drug drug interactions;
Diuretics- Coadministration of Empagliflozin with diuretics resulted in increased urine volume
and frequency of voids, which might enhance the potential for volume depletion.
Acarbose- When Empagliflozin taken with Acarbose it may increase hypoglycemic activity of
Acarbose.
Drug-Food Interactions: You may take Empagliflozin with or without food.