Chameleons primarily eat insects like flies and mosquitoes, and larger chameleons may also eat smaller chameleons or birds. They are carnivores and do not eat plants. Chameleons have adaptations like long, fast tongues for catching prey, feet suited for climbing trees, and the ability to coil their tails to hang upside down. While chameleons can change color, this is due to changes in body temperature or mood rather than camouflage, with darker and spotted colors indicating when they are angry, afraid or excited.