yr7_science_lesson4yr7_science_lesson4yr7_science_lesson4.pptx

1. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Year 7
Lesson 4 – classification of living things
Science

2. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Handy tips for this lesson
View the lesson in slide show mode to use the buttons:
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• Some slides have audio. Click on the speaker button to listen.
• Some slides may ask you a question. Have a go, then click the
answer button.

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You will need
• A pen and paper.
• A digital device.

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Learning intention
To understand that scientists have an agreed classification system which makes it
easier to communicate about living things.

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Lesson 3: challenge answer
All mammals can be placed into 3 smaller groups.
What are the names of these groups and the features of the animals in these groups?
There are 3 types of mammals, characterised by their method of reproduction.
1. Monotremes are a group of mammals that lay eggs. They are platypus and echidna.
2. Marsupials are a group of mammals that give birth to underdeveloped embryos, that climb
from the birth canal into a pouch on the front of the mother's body, where they feed and
continue to grow. Marsupials are animals such as kangaroos, wombats, wallabies, koalas
and possums.
3. Placental mammals are a group of mammals that develop in the mother’s uterus,
receiving nutrients across the placenta, such as humans, rabbits, squirrels, whales,
elephants, cats, and horses.

6. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
The Linnaean classification
In the 18th century, Carl Linnaeus published a
system for classifying living things, which has been
developed into the modern classification system.
People have always given names to things that
they see, including plants and animals, but Linnaeus
was the first scientist to develop a hierarchal
naming structure. This structure conveyed
information both about what the species was
(its name) and its closest relatives.
The ability of the Linnean system to convey complex
relationships to scientists throughout the world is
why it has been so widely adopted.

7. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
The Linnaean classification system
Living organisms are classified into groups depending on their characteristics.
The classification of species allows the subdivision of living organisms into smaller
and more specialised groups.
Kingdoms
The first division of living things in the classification system is
to put them into one of 5 kingdoms.
The 5 kingdoms are:
• animals (all multicellular animals)
• plants (all green plants)
• fungi (moulds, mushrooms, yeast)
• protists (Amoeba, Chlorella and Plasmodium)
• prokaryotes (bacteria, blue-green algae).

8. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Linnaeus also came up with a way to name all life on Earth.
The binomial system of naming species uses Latin words.
Each name has 2 parts, the ‘genus’ and the ‘species’.
Bi - means 2, for example a bicycle has 2 wheels. Nom means name.
Therefore binomial means ‘2 name’.
The binomial system is important because it allows scientists to
accurately identify individual species across the world without needing
to know the scientist's home language.
As new species are identified they can be placed into the current
classification system.
The Linnaean classification system

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Using Linnaeus taxonomy and binomial
nomenclature to classify living things
Classification levels Example
Kingdom Animal
Phylum Vertebrate
Class Mammal
Order Carnivore
Family Felidae
Genus Felius
Species catus
Common name is cat.
Scientific name is Felius catus.
Source: Pixabay

10. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Using Linnaeus taxonomy and
binomial nomenclature to classify living things
Classification
levels
Cat Lion
Kingdom Animal Animal
Phylum Vertebrate Vertebrate
Class Mammal Mammal
Order Carnivore Carnivore
Family Felidae Felidae
Genus Felius Panthera
Species catus leo
Common name is lion.
Scientific name is Panthera leo.
Source: Pixabay

11. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Binomial nomenclature
• Copy the table and classify a
human and a dog using Linnaeus
taxonomy.
• Write the binomial name, which
is the species name, for a
human and a dog.
Classification levels Human Dog
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

12. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Challenge
The term taxonomy has recently been applied to professions beyond that of the
field of biology, botany and zoology. Many information technology (IT) corporations
and businesses use classification systems within their companies to organise their
data and information and documentation in databases.
Name 5 other occupations that would use taxonomy, a classification system in
their work.

13. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Review
Scientists use the Linnaean system to classify organisms.
They sort organisms into groups and then order them into smaller
groups until they have a species name for the organism using the
binomial naming system.

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Key terms
Key term Definition
Genus The level in the scientific classification scheme that is a subdivision of a family and divides into species.
Binomial nomenclature Having 2 names. The 2 word name given to an organism, consisting of the genus name and the species name.
Amphibians Are animals that live in water and on land. They have smooth, moist skins and lay their eggs in water.
Classification The systematic grouping of different types of organisms by their shared characteristic.
Phylum The highest level in the scientific classification scheme and divides into classes.
Class The level in the scientific classification scheme that is a subdivision of a phylum and divides into orders.
Taxonomy The science of classifying and naming organisms.
Order The level in the scientific classification scheme that is a subdivision of a class and divides into families.
Kingdom A very large category in biological taxonomy. Some classifications list 5 kingdoms - animals, plants, fungi, protists
and monera (bacteria).
Species The last level of the scientific classification scheme, a subdivision of a genus. All members of a species can
interbreed.

15. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
Classification
levels
Human Dog
Kingdom Animal Animal
Phylum Vertebrate Vertebrate
Class Mammal Mammal
Order Primate Carnivore
Family Hominidae Canidae
Genus Homo Canis
Species sapiens familiaris
Species name for human =
Homo sapiens
Species name for dog =
Canis familaris
Check answers to binomial nomenclature (slide 11) by clicking on this blue box.

17. © Department for Education, the Government of South Australia, Learning at home, 2022
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