Xtext is an open-source framework for developing programming languages and domain-specific languages. It generates parsers and abstract syntax trees from language grammars. It provides an Eclipse-based IDE with features like syntax highlighting, code completion, navigation, and refactoring support. A tutorial document outlines how to create a new Xtext project and write a sample grammar for a "Language of Entities" DSL. The grammar defines entity and field rules with terminals like ID and INT, and supports optional, repetitive, and alternative elements.