Writing Guidelines and Rubric
Writing Guidelines and Rubric
Writing Guidelines and Rubric
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports should follow the format of primary research papers found in scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading (Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean really boiling? The second title is more descriptive, informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.” o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically whether or not there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution, and their institution’s address.
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include references and the best abstracts are written after all the other parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the first paragraph provides a broad background of the study ...
Writing Guidelines and RubricOne of the major goals of the labor.docxodiliagilby
Writing Guidelines and Rubric
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports should follow the format of primary research papers found in scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading (Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean really boiling? The second title is more descriptive, informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.” o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically whether or not there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution, and their institution’s address.
· “Grace, S., Suffolk University, Boston, Massachusetts 02108”
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include references and the best abstracts are written after all the other parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the first paragraph provides a broad background of the st ...
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course .docxmccormicknadine86
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports should follow the format of primary research papers found in scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading (Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean really boiling? The second title is more descriptive, informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.” o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically whether or not there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution, and their institution’s address.
· “Grace, S., Suffolk University, Boston, Massachusetts 02108”
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include references and the best abstracts are written after all the other parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the first paragraph provides a broad background of the study. The introduction then gra.
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this co.docxadkinspaige22
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports should follow the format of primary research papers found in scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading (Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean really boiling? The second title is more descriptive, informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.” o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically whether or not there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution, and their institution’s address.
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include references and the best abstracts are written after all the other parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the first paragraph provides a broad background of the study. The introduction then gradually narrows to the last paragraph that provides the specific .
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific PapersG.docxodiliagilby
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific Papers
General Tips o Be concise. In scientific writing, it is very important to say as much as is needed while using as few words as possible. Lab reports should be thorough, but repetition should be avoided. The entire report should be clear and straightforward.
· Write in the third person. Avoid using the words “I” or “we” when referring to the experimental procedure. For example, instead of “I boiled 50 mL of water for 10 minutes,” the report should read, “50 mL of water was boiled for 10 minutes.” This can be a bit difficult to get used to, so it is important to pay close attention to the wording in the report
· Use correct verb tenses. Many students become confused when trying to decide whether to use past or present tense in their reports. If referring to anything that happened in the past, then use the past tense. For example, if you are writing about an experiment you have already performed, then refer to it in the past tense. Present tense should be used when referring to a scientific principle, such as, “Water is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.” The general rules for verb tenses are as follows:
· The experimental procedure has already been conducted, so use the past tense of the verb when referring to it:
Ex: The purpose of the experiment was...
The compound was weighed to 5 g...
· The report, equipment, and theory still exist, so use the present tense of the verb for them:
Ex: The purpose of this report is...
Bunsen burners are used...
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
LAB REPORT FORMAT
Style Guidelines:
· Typed
· Paper: 8.5” x 11”
· Spacing: Double-spaced
· Margins: 1 inch
· Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt (EVERY word in your paper should have this font type and size)
· APA FORMAT
Major Paper Sections:
· Title Page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Materials and Methods
· Results
· Discussion
· References
TITLE PAGE
The title should be less than ten words and should reflect the factual content of the paper. A good title is straightforward and uses keywords that researchers in a particular field will recognize. It should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (PhD). Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.
ABSTRACT
Begin a new page. On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotations marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. ...
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific PapersG.docxbillylewis37150
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific Papers
General Tips o Be concise. In scientific writing, it is very important to say as much as is needed while using as few words as possible. Lab reports should be thorough, but repetition should be avoided. The entire report should be clear and straightforward.
· Write in the third person. Avoid using the words “I” or “we” when referring to the experimental procedure. For example, instead of “I boiled 50 mL of water for 10 minutes,” the report should read, “50 mL of water was boiled for 10 minutes.” This can be a bit difficult to get used to, so it is important to pay close attention to the wording in the report
· Use correct verb tenses. Many students become confused when trying to decide whether to use past or present tense in their reports. If referring to anything that happened in the past, then use the past tense. For example, if you are writing about an experiment you have already performed, then refer to it in the past tense. Present tense should be used when referring to a scientific principle, such as, “Water is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.” The general rules for verb tenses are as follows:
· The experimental procedure has already been conducted, so use the past tense of the verb when referring to it:
Ex: The purpose of the experiment was...
The compound was weighed to 5 g...
· The report, equipment, and theory still exist, so use the present tense of the verb for them:
Ex: The purpose of this report is...
Bunsen burners are used...
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
LAB REPORT FORMAT
Style Guidelines:
· Typed
· Paper: 8.5” x 11”
· Spacing: Double-spaced
· Margins: 1 inch
· Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt (EVERY word in your paper should have this font type and size)
· APA FORMAT
Major Paper Sections:
· Title Page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Materials and Methods
· Results
· Discussion
· References
TITLE PAGE
The title should be less than ten words and should reflect the factual content of the paper. A good title is straightforward and uses keywords that researchers in a particular field will recognize. It should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (PhD). Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.
ABSTRACT
Begin a new page. On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotations marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research..
Writing Guidelines and RubricOne of the major goals of the labor.docxodiliagilby
Writing Guidelines and Rubric
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports should follow the format of primary research papers found in scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading (Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean really boiling? The second title is more descriptive, informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.” o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically whether or not there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution, and their institution’s address.
· “Grace, S., Suffolk University, Boston, Massachusetts 02108”
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include references and the best abstracts are written after all the other parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the first paragraph provides a broad background of the st ...
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course .docxmccormicknadine86
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports should follow the format of primary research papers found in scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading (Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean really boiling? The second title is more descriptive, informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.” o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically whether or not there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution, and their institution’s address.
· “Grace, S., Suffolk University, Boston, Massachusetts 02108”
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include references and the best abstracts are written after all the other parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the first paragraph provides a broad background of the study. The introduction then gra.
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this co.docxadkinspaige22
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports should follow the format of primary research papers found in scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading (Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean really boiling? The second title is more descriptive, informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.” o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically whether or not there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution, and their institution’s address.
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include references and the best abstracts are written after all the other parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the first paragraph provides a broad background of the study. The introduction then gradually narrows to the last paragraph that provides the specific .
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific PapersG.docxodiliagilby
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific Papers
General Tips o Be concise. In scientific writing, it is very important to say as much as is needed while using as few words as possible. Lab reports should be thorough, but repetition should be avoided. The entire report should be clear and straightforward.
· Write in the third person. Avoid using the words “I” or “we” when referring to the experimental procedure. For example, instead of “I boiled 50 mL of water for 10 minutes,” the report should read, “50 mL of water was boiled for 10 minutes.” This can be a bit difficult to get used to, so it is important to pay close attention to the wording in the report
· Use correct verb tenses. Many students become confused when trying to decide whether to use past or present tense in their reports. If referring to anything that happened in the past, then use the past tense. For example, if you are writing about an experiment you have already performed, then refer to it in the past tense. Present tense should be used when referring to a scientific principle, such as, “Water is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.” The general rules for verb tenses are as follows:
· The experimental procedure has already been conducted, so use the past tense of the verb when referring to it:
Ex: The purpose of the experiment was...
The compound was weighed to 5 g...
· The report, equipment, and theory still exist, so use the present tense of the verb for them:
Ex: The purpose of this report is...
Bunsen burners are used...
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
LAB REPORT FORMAT
Style Guidelines:
· Typed
· Paper: 8.5” x 11”
· Spacing: Double-spaced
· Margins: 1 inch
· Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt (EVERY word in your paper should have this font type and size)
· APA FORMAT
Major Paper Sections:
· Title Page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Materials and Methods
· Results
· Discussion
· References
TITLE PAGE
The title should be less than ten words and should reflect the factual content of the paper. A good title is straightforward and uses keywords that researchers in a particular field will recognize. It should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (PhD). Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.
ABSTRACT
Begin a new page. On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotations marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. ...
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific PapersG.docxbillylewis37150
Writing a Formal Lab Report and Scientific Papers
General Tips o Be concise. In scientific writing, it is very important to say as much as is needed while using as few words as possible. Lab reports should be thorough, but repetition should be avoided. The entire report should be clear and straightforward.
· Write in the third person. Avoid using the words “I” or “we” when referring to the experimental procedure. For example, instead of “I boiled 50 mL of water for 10 minutes,” the report should read, “50 mL of water was boiled for 10 minutes.” This can be a bit difficult to get used to, so it is important to pay close attention to the wording in the report
· Use correct verb tenses. Many students become confused when trying to decide whether to use past or present tense in their reports. If referring to anything that happened in the past, then use the past tense. For example, if you are writing about an experiment you have already performed, then refer to it in the past tense. Present tense should be used when referring to a scientific principle, such as, “Water is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.” The general rules for verb tenses are as follows:
· The experimental procedure has already been conducted, so use the past tense of the verb when referring to it:
Ex: The purpose of the experiment was...
The compound was weighed to 5 g...
· The report, equipment, and theory still exist, so use the present tense of the verb for them:
Ex: The purpose of this report is...
Bunsen burners are used...
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
Document created by: Lakesha Allen
LAB REPORT FORMAT
Style Guidelines:
· Typed
· Paper: 8.5” x 11”
· Spacing: Double-spaced
· Margins: 1 inch
· Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt (EVERY word in your paper should have this font type and size)
· APA FORMAT
Major Paper Sections:
· Title Page
· Abstract
· Introduction
· Materials and Methods
· Results
· Discussion
· References
TITLE PAGE
The title should be less than ten words and should reflect the factual content of the paper. A good title is straightforward and uses keywords that researchers in a particular field will recognize. It should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (PhD). Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.
ABSTRACT
Begin a new page. On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotations marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research..
Format for Research Papers California State Universit.docxshericehewat
Format for Research Papers
California State University, Bakersfield
Department of Biology
A scientific research report is a form of
communication in which the investigator
succinctly presents and interprets data collected in
an investigation. Writing such reports is similar to
the writing in other scientific disciplines except
that the format will differ as will the criteria for
grading.
Writing the Report
The questions and hypotheses that initiate
an investigation, the resultant data gathered, and
the background information obtained by reading
the literature will lead to conclusions. Your
research report presents these conclusions and the
appropriate evidence (data and relevant literature).
Before writing the report, construct an
outline that logically presents the information to
support your conclusions. Organize the data into
tables and figures to present the evidence in a
logical order. Many authors prefer to construct a
draft by rapidly putting down ideas with little
regard to sentence structure, and to make
corrections later. Others prefer to make revisions
as they proceed. Write the report with a target
audience of other students with experience in
biology equivalent to that of the class for which
the report is written.
Proper use of English is considered
paramount in grading. Your major responsibility
is to make the reader understand exactly what you
mean by using words with precision, clarity, and
economy. Every sentence should be exact and say
something of importance (no "padding").
Economy and accuracy require using
straightforward English sentences (subject, verb,
and object). Follow a consistent pattern of tenses.
Write in the active voice unless you have good
reason to use the passive voice. The active is the
natural voice, the one in which people commonly
speak and write.
Quotations are to be avoided. All
sentences should be based on your understanding
of source material that you then write as your own
original sentences. When discussing the works of
others, do not include extraneous information,
such as first names or scientific affiliations. In
scientific writing, the major idea of a paragraph (or
sentence) is placed first. Evidence for the idea,
modifications, exceptions, etc., then follow. This
allows readers to quickly skim research reports by
reading the first sentence in each paragraph.
After finishing a draft, review it to see if
the paragraphs and sentences follow a logical
sequence. Examine the arrangement of paragraphs
within a section; some may belong in another
section. Make sure that the transitions from one
idea to another are clear. Study each sentence to
see if it can be clarified, shortened, or omitted.
Rewrite as necessary to achieve clarity. This type
of review and rewriting is best done after not
looking at the manuscript for a few days. Then,
you should ...
Manuscript standards 1
Writing Project
A research-style paper will be due near the end of the course. The topic must be something related to motorsports. The student is expected to investigate an important aspect of motorsports.
• The research paper should include historical implications, economic issues, social issues, cultural perspectives and even the science behind the technology being explored.
• People, places, events, sanctioning bodies or the specific technology may serve as the focus of the paper.
• Students should provide details as to the significance of the contribution and the subsequent impacts on racing.
• The assignment should reflect more than one person’s perspective.
• Written in APA manuscript style, this paper is expected to be a minimum of 2200 words in length and reference at least six different sources, with no more than three Internet only sources. Note that a source found online but also available in print, is not considered an internet only source.
Running head: MANUSCRIPT STANDARDS
The American Psychological Association Standards
For Publication of a Manuscript
James E. Horton
The University of Virginia’s College at Wise
Title Page
The title page should have the short title and page number one in the upper right-hand corner of the page. At the top of the page flush to the left margin, there should be a short title labeled "Running head". The running head should be in all capitols and should not exceed 50 characters, including spaces. Below the label "Running head" and centered in the page, there should be a comprehensive title of the manuscript describing the experiment or research in a manner that summarizes the main ideas. The main title should not be more than 12 to 15 words long. Below the main title one double-spaced line should be the author's full name followed on the next line by the author's affiliation to an institution.
Abstract
The abstract begins on page 2 with the short title and the page number in the upper right-hand corner of the page within the top 1-inch margin 1 double-space distance above the heading. The heading "Abstract" is centered 1 inch from the top of the page. The beginning of the abstract starts 1 double-space below the heading and is typed in block form as 1 paragraph, without indentation. The abstract should contain a comprehensive summary of what the manuscript is about, inform the reader of the purpose of the research, what the authors did, how the authors proceeded with the research, what variables were manipulated, what was measured and how it was measured, what results were obtained, what the authors concluded, and a statement of support or nonsupport of the hypothesis. The abstract should not exceed 960 characters, including punctuation and spaces. Use only digits for numbers in the abstract unless starting a sentence. The abstract should be double-spaced with 1-inch margins on all sides.
The American Psych ...
Running head 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1 .docxhealdkathaleen
Running head: 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1
Title of Paper (up to 12 words)
Your Name, Including Middle Initial
School
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 2
Abstract
A concise summary of each section of your paper, using up to 250 words. Note that you do not
indent the first line.
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 3
Title of Paper
Your first paragraph (or two) should be an introduction to the broad topic of your paper.
Many people write the introduction after writing the rest of the paper! Information in your
introduction should provide a foundation for the hypotheses of your experiment. In your
introduction, your goal is to convince readers that your research topic is (a) interesting and (b)
important. You may choose to begin your paper with a story, quotation, or relevant statistics
about your topic. You can think of your paper as a story about your dependent variable.
You generally will present broad background information about the topic in the first
paragraph of so. You will include at least two sections in the body of your paper. You will
summarize relevant information from prior research studies in the first section, which we refer to
as the “literature review” portion of a paper. You will present your detailed research proposal in
the second section (details are provided below). Some overall formatting rules to keep in mind
are: (a) use Times New Roman font, size 12; and (b) double-space the entire paper.
Information about the Literature-review Section
Content. In the first section of your paper, you should provide a literature review of prior
research and theory that relates to your experiment. The information you present should be from
diverse sources (e.g., journal articles, book chapters, web sites). Make sure it is clear to the
reader how information is related to your experimental hypotheses or procedure. So, if you are
using their method, then talk about their method; if they found similar results, talk about their
results; if they operationally defined their DV like you want to, then talk about that, etc. To make
this section of your paper effective, you should explicitly relate information from various sources
to each other and to your proposed research. After you discuss past research, you should make it
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 4
clear how your study is the next logical one, that your study improves upon past studies, that
your study fills obvious holes left by the others.
Citation of sources. You should cite references throughout the body of your paper.
There are two ways to cite a source. The authors can be listed in the sentence, with the year in
parentheses: “The Davis (2001) web site presents information about American Psychological
Association (APA) style rules.” Alternatively, the citation can be entirely in parentheses: “The
web site presents information about American Psychological Association (A ...
Running head 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1 .docxtoddr4
Running head: 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1
Title of Paper (up to 12 words)
Your Name, Including Middle Initial
School
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 2
Abstract
A concise summary of each section of your paper, using up to 250 words. Note that you do not
indent the first line.
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 3
Title of Paper
Your first paragraph (or two) should be an introduction to the broad topic of your paper.
Many people write the introduction after writing the rest of the paper! Information in your
introduction should provide a foundation for the hypotheses of your experiment. In your
introduction, your goal is to convince readers that your research topic is (a) interesting and (b)
important. You may choose to begin your paper with a story, quotation, or relevant statistics
about your topic. You can think of your paper as a story about your dependent variable.
You generally will present broad background information about the topic in the first
paragraph of so. You will include at least two sections in the body of your paper. You will
summarize relevant information from prior research studies in the first section, which we refer to
as the “literature review” portion of a paper. You will present your detailed research proposal in
the second section (details are provided below). Some overall formatting rules to keep in mind
are: (a) use Times New Roman font, size 12; and (b) double-space the entire paper.
Information about the Literature-review Section
Content. In the first section of your paper, you should provide a literature review of prior
research and theory that relates to your experiment. The information you present should be from
diverse sources (e.g., journal articles, book chapters, web sites). Make sure it is clear to the
reader how information is related to your experimental hypotheses or procedure. So, if you are
using their method, then talk about their method; if they found similar results, talk about their
results; if they operationally defined their DV like you want to, then talk about that, etc. To make
this section of your paper effective, you should explicitly relate information from various sources
to each other and to your proposed research. After you discuss past research, you should make it
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 4
clear how your study is the next logical one, that your study improves upon past studies, that
your study fills obvious holes left by the others.
Citation of sources. You should cite references throughout the body of your paper.
There are two ways to cite a source. The authors can be listed in the sentence, with the year in
parentheses: “The Davis (2001) web site presents information about American Psychological
Association (APA) style rules.” Alternatively, the citation can be entirely in parentheses: “The
web site presents information about American Psychological Association (A.
Running head 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1 .docxSUBHI7
Running head: 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1
Title of Paper (up to 12 words)
Your Name, Including Middle Initial
School
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 2
Abstract
A concise summary of each section of your paper, using up to 250 words. Note that you do not
indent the first line.
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 3
Title of Paper
Your first paragraph (or two) should be an introduction to the broad topic of your paper.
Many people write the introduction after writing the rest of the paper! Information in your
introduction should provide a foundation for the hypotheses of your experiment. In your
introduction, your goal is to convince readers that your research topic is (a) interesting and (b)
important. You may choose to begin your paper with a story, quotation, or relevant statistics
about your topic. You can think of your paper as a story about your dependent variable.
You generally will present broad background information about the topic in the first
paragraph of so. You will include at least two sections in the body of your paper. You will
summarize relevant information from prior research studies in the first section, which we refer to
as the “literature review” portion of a paper. You will present your detailed research proposal in
the second section (details are provided below). Some overall formatting rules to keep in mind
are: (a) use Times New Roman font, size 12; and (b) double-space the entire paper.
Information about the Literature-review Section
Content. In the first section of your paper, you should provide a literature review of prior
research and theory that relates to your experiment. The information you present should be from
diverse sources (e.g., journal articles, book chapters, web sites). Make sure it is clear to the
reader how information is related to your experimental hypotheses or procedure. So, if you are
using their method, then talk about their method; if they found similar results, talk about their
results; if they operationally defined their DV like you want to, then talk about that, etc. To make
this section of your paper effective, you should explicitly relate information from various sources
to each other and to your proposed research. After you discuss past research, you should make it
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 4
clear how your study is the next logical one, that your study improves upon past studies, that
your study fills obvious holes left by the others.
Citation of sources. You should cite references throughout the body of your paper.
There are two ways to cite a source. The authors can be listed in the sentence, with the year in
parentheses: “The Davis (2001) web site presents information about American Psychological
Association (APA) style rules.” Alternatively, the citation can be entirely in parentheses: “The
web site presents information about American Psychological Association (A ...
This is Teacher’s feedback on our FIRST DELIVERABLE.Just to le.docxchristalgrieg
This is Teacher’s feedback on our FIRST DELIVERABLE.
Just to let you know how strict our teacher is grading the project.
Second deliverable for final project – due Thursday 11/30 5:00 p.m.
Along with other students who have chosen the same primary topic, create a single table of regression
analysis and discuss the results in the text of your paper. Be sure to correct any problems that were
mentioned in the review of your first draft. Your grade on this deliverable will be based on the content
of your analysis, but also whether you are able to generate a document that is professional in its
appearance and content. Your intended audience is someone who would have the knowledge that is
expected of someone who has mastered the content in Economics 311.
1. Provide at least 2 tests of alternative specifications (e.g. log vs linear, linear vs quadratic, dummy
variables vs continuous, etc.) In the text, describe the specifications you compared and the
preferred specification based on your analysis. Present the results of your regression analysis
and the relevant test-statistics in a professional table. Be sure to discuss the results of your
analysis in the text.
2. For each specification considered in part (1), provide a Breusch-Pagan test and the simple
version of the White test (2nd form discussed in notes) for heteroscedasticity. Include the test
statistic and corresponding p-values for these test statistics in your regression table. In the text
of your deliverable, describe the basis for the conclusions you draw from your
heteroscedasticity tests. If you find heteroscedasticity, are there specific characteristics that
cause the variance of the residual to be higher or lower? Explain how you came to this
conclusion.
3. If there is evidence of heteroscedasticity, add another column displaying your preferred
regression from (1) but using robust standard errors. If you are estimating a linear probability
model, use weighted least squares if possible – but be sure to investigate whether WLS would
result in negative weights. If WLS results in negative weights, discuss how you determined this.
4. Discuss whether your expected effects for your key control variable and at least two others that
you included in your first deliverable are confirmed by the preferred specification you identified
above. Discuss whether these effects are statistically significant at the .05 level.
5. Discuss the “economic significance” of the effects for your two control variables. For example,
describe the effect of a one standard deviation change in continuous control variables on the
dependent variable; or a switch from 0 to 1 for a dummy variable.
6. In order that your table be deemed professional, review the document posted on my website.
The regression table should be self-explanatory. The reader should be able to determine what
kind of regression was estimated, ...
ProjectHouston’sFaults.Students willcarry out Internet res.docxbriancrawford30935
Project: Houston’s Faults.
Students will carry out Internet research on faults in and around Houston Texas. Your research should look at the following aspects related to faults.
· The origin of faults in the Houston area
· The distribution of faults in the area
· The type of faults (normal, reverse, strike slip etc.)
· How the faults impact city planning (location of airports, major highways, stadiums, city center, sewage lines etc. in relation to the major faults)
· Faults and earthquakes
· As a geoscience student, how can your knowledge of the origin, distribution and types of fault be useful to city planners?
Students will present this information in the form of a power point slide. Your power point should include all relevant information including sketches, photos, maps and should have a reference section.
EXAMPLE ON HOW YOU CAN FORMAT YOUR PRESENTATION: you will create a slide show then print it out and turn it in a black folder. You do not need to send it to me via email
1st slide Intro: What are faults? (types of faults; normal, reverse, strike slip etc)
*have figures but let them stand alone (meaning the should be on there on slide)
2nd slide Faults in Houston Texas
Origin of faults (what cause them)
Distribution (include a map of where faults are located) remember figures must stand alone)
3rd slide faults in city planning. (Stadiums, airports, major roads etc) how it affects it
Think: Hobby airport has a fault, roads have faults, city center, why are sewers where faults are, why do Houston Texas have faults but no earthquakes
POWER POINT SLIDE DUE APRIL 27TH THRUSDAY AS SOON AS YOU WALKING INTO CLASS.. Slides must be between 10 and 20 slides. *no less than 10 and nor more then 20
Abbreviated Title 1
Title
Your name here
School name here
Full course name and number
Instructor name
Date of submission
Remember the font should be 12 point, Times New Roman or Arial for everything, including the title page
Abstract
An abstract is nothing more than a summary of the main ideas. In this course, the abstract is a summary of the basic building blocks used in the research proposal. It will be slightly different than an abstract for a paper or essay.
In a paper or essay, the abstract summarizes the main points of the document. In a research proposal, the abstract summarizes the main research components (to be used) as demonstrated with the topic.
In either case, an abstract is simple. It is just a summary of the main ideas, points, or methodologies. The difference is what the author is summarizing. In other words, the reader should be able to read the brief abstract and understand what the researcher is proposing..... In 2 or 3 paragraphs, you should be able to answer the following questions in narrative form: What is the topic? What are the variables? What is the hypothesis? What is the design? What is the population/sample? What is the Data Collection Method(s)?
Title
This is your introducti.
Running head SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE1Title of Your Rese.docxtoddr4
Running head: SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE
1
Title of Your Research Study
Author(s) First, Middle Initial (if applicable) and Last Name(s) in Starting with the
Individual who Made the Biggest Contribution (not alphabetical)
Institutional Affiliation(s)
Author Note
The author note is typically used in manuscripts that will be submitted for publication. The author note may provide additional information regarding the affiliations of the authors. It is also used to acknowledge those who contributed to the study, but not at the level of authorship. Lastly, the author note typically includes contact information for at least one author (see APA guide p. 24, section 2.03 & sample paper on p. 41.)
Remember to format the author note using block format (no indents, left or right justification).
Abstract
The abstract is a brief (usually 100-150 words) summary of your experiment. What was your question? What did you do? What did you find? What is your conclusion/interpretation? Try taking the lead sentence or two (but not word-for-word) from your introduction, results and discussion and integrate them into your abstract. Additionally, add a sentence or two describing your procedure, especially if it differs from those typically used to study the phenomenon.
The abstract is page two. Nothing goes on this page except the abstract. Center the word "Abstract" on the page and format in bold-face type. Do not put the title of your paper on this page. Begin typing the abstract on the line directly below the heading.
Notice that the abstract is not indented, and is written in block format. It is also double-spaced. Typically, the abstract is one paragraph in length.
Keywords: type a few words (or phrases) that would be useful if someone was searching for a study similar to this one. For example, if you studied reaction time in a card sorting task your key words might be “card sorting,” “response time” and decision making. (Note: the word “keyword” is italicized and indented.)
Title
On the third page, you typically begin your introduction. Notice that the word "INTRODUCTION" does not appear at the top of the page as many of the other headings do. The title used is the same one that appears on the cover page.
The first paragraph should contain a description of the phenomena that you are studying. Make a general statement about the phenomenon and how it is typically measured. Also, talk about how one might manipulate or influence the outcome (i.e, what variables could potentially influence the results).
Subsequent research should describe previous research that examined the phenomena. These studies serve to provide the rationale for your study. What did the researchers do? What did they find? What did they conclude?
Do this for each study cited. Typically, one or more paragraphs are necessary to explain each study. Try to make the transition smooth from one paragraph to the next. Use transition words (see SIGNAL WORDS hand.
Module Assessment 4: TANM ApplicationsBUS2 190
Last name, First name (Section X)
Last name, First name (Section X)
Last name, First name (Section X)
Last name, First name (Section X)
[Please replace “X” with Section 7, 8, or 9. Delete this before submitting]
PROBLEM A: Casper Geriatric Center (16 pts)
1. Is this a minimization or maximization problem? Explain.
2. Is this a balanced or unbalanced problem? Explain.
3. What is the total capacity of Stations 10J and 6G?
4. What is the total demand for Sections A,C,E and F?
5. What is the value of your optimal solution?
6. In your optimal solution, to which sections and how many trays to each of these sections should location 2L deliver?
7. Where will Section D get its meals? How many from each Station?
8. Aside from the obvious deliveries from the factory to warehouses or warehouses to stores, identify and discuss 2 more scenarios on how the transportation model can be used.
Problem B: Good Stuffing Sausage Company (16 pts)
1. Is this a minimal spanning or shortest route problem? Explain.
2. Explain the differences between minimal spanning and shortest route problems. Give an example where each type of modeling can be used.
3. How many branches are there in this network?
4. How many hours will it take to drive through Nodes 2-4-8? Explain.
5. Which arc takes the longest time to travel?
6. Korina thinks the best route is 1-5-6-10. Do you agree with her? Why or why not?
7. What is the value of your optimal solution?
8. What are the nodes included in your optimal solution?
Problem C: 9-31: NASA Missions ( 13 points)
(Hint – your answers in questions 1, 2 and 3 should be a schedule on which mission specialist should be scheduled to which flight. Provide your explanations for your answers) 13 points
1. Who should be assigned to which flight to maximize ratings?
Name of Mission Specialist
Mission Date
Total Rating:
2. NASA has just been notified that Anderson is getting married in February and has been granted a highly sought publicity tour in Europe that month. (He intends to take his wife and let the trip double as a honeymoon.) How does this change the final schedule? Explain.
Name of Mission Specialist
Mission Date
Total Rating:
Explanation:
3. Certo has complained that he was rated incorrectly on his January missions. Both ratings should be 10s, he claims to the chief, who agrees and re-computes the schedule. Do any changes occur over the schedule set in Question 2? Why or why not?
Name of Mission Specialist
Mission Date
Total Rating:
Explanation:
4. What are the strengths and weaknesses of this approach to scheduling?
Science Laboratory Format
Writers in the field of biology must consider not only the form but the style of writing in biology papers.
As in all fields, there are conventions to follow or typical style formats of the discipline.
Writing in the sciences is concise, yet pr.
Writing a Scientific Report or PaperResults of careful laborsarantatersall
Writing a Scientific Report or Paper
Results of careful laboratory work are not useful unless they can be presented in a clear, concise manner to others for comment and evaluation. Such presentations are usually in the form of a scientific paper published in a reputable scientific journal. Scientific communications have many things in common, which leads to a rather standard style of writing that allow the results and meaning of experimentation to be quickly grasped by the reader. Scientists do not expect to read attractive, stimulating prose to obtain information from technical scientific papers. The experimental design, results and explanation of results are what are attractive and stimulating not the cleverness of the prose. The following discussion should be useful in helping you prepare your laboratory reports, which are scientific reports.
Read it carefully before beginning your reports. Your laboratory instructor may make additional comments. The specific format of a scientific paper varies among journals. However, the format presented below is the most commonly used. It is the format you must use in your scientific writing for this course.
Part I: Format of a Scientific Report
The scientific report will be composed of seven sections. Each section will have a heading immediately followed by the text, figures or graphs. The order of the sections is: title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion and literature cited.
A) Format regulations:
· typed
· double spaced
· 10-12 font, Times New Roman
· 1 inch margins
· pages numbered
· titled sections
· untitled hypothesis
· Quotes are
NOT
allowed. Everything must be properly paraphrased.
· No website references are permitted as sources. No exceptions.
· Everything must be properly cited. It is considered plagiarism if it is not.
· Write in third person, past tense
The overall presentation/grammar/spelling will be evaluated. Although this is not an English class, these elements are important to the proper communication of science. Before you turn in your final version, use the spell check function and reread your report. You should also take the time to visit the Center for Academic Success to participate in the Read, Write, and Cite Workshop series for additional help on writing your reports.
Note: Never write statements like the following: “My lab report is about…”, “My hypothesis is…”,
or any version of this type of statement.
(1)
Title
Section
Create a title that briefly conveys to the reader the purpose of the paper. The title of your report must be informative. Many readers scan journal article titles and the decision whether or not to pursue an article is based on the information in the title. Generally, this information includes: primary factor(s) manipulated or studied; outcome of manipulation (the response or effects); and organism studied, if relevant. An example of an informative title would be: "The Effect of Varying Serotonin Conce ...
The research synopsis is the plan for your research project. It provides the rationale for the research, the research objectives, the proposed methods for data collection and recording formats and/or questionnaires and interview guides.
Dance_3_2015
1
Scientific Project Details: Dance 3
Due Date 11/25/15 by 5:00pm
Purpose:
• The main goal of this project is to apply principles of the scientific method to a self-
experiment based on one of the dimensions of wellness that you have identify you would
like to modify.
Important Dates and Deadlines:
1. Hypothesis Statement 10/1
2. Methods due 10/8
3. Data Collection update 10/20
4. Previews of final project can be arranged thru office hours or appointment.
• Due Date is 11/25/15
BASICS:
• For this project you will take your wellness goal set at the beginning of class, formulate a
hypothesis, design a self-experiment, run the experiment, and then write up the results in a
scientific lab report format.
Step 1: Develop a hypothesis based on one of the dimensions of wellness you learned in class
that you have identified you would like to investigate for yourself. This statement gives a possibility
(if) and explains what may happen because of the possibility (then).
Examples:
• If I set goals before studying, I will spend an average of 10 less minutes per hour on
Social Media.
• If I eat an overall healthy diet (one which does not include fast food), then I will have
more energy daily.
• I hypothesize that without restrictive diet (2,000 a day), cardio workout alone (60
minutes daily at 85 % target heart rate, then I will drop of three pounds a week for a
total of nine pounds for three weeks.
• If I run 5 miles a day for 6 days a week for 4 weeks, I will lose 1 pound a week for a total
of 4 pounds.
• If I only eat out once a week for 4 weeks, I will save $20.00 a week for a total of $80.00
Step II: Develop and identify the materials and the methods needed to conduct your self-
experiment. Explain what are your methods for your experiment.
Make sure to include:
• Length of study (at least 3 weeks)
Dance_3_2015
2
• What do you need to conduct the experiment?
• Define your outcome measures (what are you going to measure?)
• Details on how, when, where you are going to conduct the experiment?
Step III: Data Collection Update 10/20*
• Please provide an update on how your data collection is progressing in a word
document (.doc).
• Please provide data for at least one week of data collection (Can be in a table format)
• Please provide details on what has been easy or challenging.
• What is your plan to stay on task for the rest of experiment?
Step IV: Follow the below instructions for writing up your experiment in a report format.
• Please use word and save it as a .doc file.
• Make sure to use 11-12 point font.
• Please proofread your reports carefully.
• Can be written in first person.
• Please add your name and ID number to rubric and turn is as separate document
on DROPBOX Return Assignments.
Basic Format Requirements For the Report
The report should consist of the following:
1. Title
2. Abstract
3. Introduction
4. Materials an.
Per the text, computers are playing an increasingly important role i.docxodiliagilby
Per the text, computers are playing an increasingly important role in the practice of law. Successful paralegals must be comfortable with using electronic databases and research tools.
Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:
Discuss a paralegal’s ethical obligation to conduct competent electronic research. Provide two (2) examples of the potential consequences of inept electronic research practices.
Determine whether or not traditional reference materials (e.g., State and Federal Reporters, West’s Encyclopedia, etc.) can be as current as electronic resources. Provide two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages to using traditional resource materials.
Use at least two (2) quality references.
Note:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
THIS IS PART 1.
.
Pennsylvania was the leader in sentencing and correctional reform .docxodiliagilby
Pennsylvania was the leader in sentencing and correctional reform in the early history of the United States. Discuss what groups were associated with this reform.
Why did they want the reform?
Examine whether it was successful and if the reform brought forth further changes.
What influences does the system have on the correctional system today?
What influences have changed? Why?
Use the Internet, library, and any other resources available to research your answer. Submit a 4 page paper (double-spaced) to your instructor. Support your reasoning with outside sources. Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
The following will be the grading criteria for this assignment:
20%:
Discuss what groups were associated with this reform.
10%:
Why did they want the reform?
20%:
Examine whether it was successful and if the reform brought forth further changes.
25%:
What direct influences do you see the Pennsylvania system in the correctional systems used today?
25%:
What influences have changed? Why?
4 pages. APA format. No plagerism. 5 sources referenced throughout the paper. Reference Page and Abstract.
.
More Related Content
Similar to Writing Guidelines and RubricWriting Guidelines and RubricWrit.docx
Format for Research Papers California State Universit.docxshericehewat
Format for Research Papers
California State University, Bakersfield
Department of Biology
A scientific research report is a form of
communication in which the investigator
succinctly presents and interprets data collected in
an investigation. Writing such reports is similar to
the writing in other scientific disciplines except
that the format will differ as will the criteria for
grading.
Writing the Report
The questions and hypotheses that initiate
an investigation, the resultant data gathered, and
the background information obtained by reading
the literature will lead to conclusions. Your
research report presents these conclusions and the
appropriate evidence (data and relevant literature).
Before writing the report, construct an
outline that logically presents the information to
support your conclusions. Organize the data into
tables and figures to present the evidence in a
logical order. Many authors prefer to construct a
draft by rapidly putting down ideas with little
regard to sentence structure, and to make
corrections later. Others prefer to make revisions
as they proceed. Write the report with a target
audience of other students with experience in
biology equivalent to that of the class for which
the report is written.
Proper use of English is considered
paramount in grading. Your major responsibility
is to make the reader understand exactly what you
mean by using words with precision, clarity, and
economy. Every sentence should be exact and say
something of importance (no "padding").
Economy and accuracy require using
straightforward English sentences (subject, verb,
and object). Follow a consistent pattern of tenses.
Write in the active voice unless you have good
reason to use the passive voice. The active is the
natural voice, the one in which people commonly
speak and write.
Quotations are to be avoided. All
sentences should be based on your understanding
of source material that you then write as your own
original sentences. When discussing the works of
others, do not include extraneous information,
such as first names or scientific affiliations. In
scientific writing, the major idea of a paragraph (or
sentence) is placed first. Evidence for the idea,
modifications, exceptions, etc., then follow. This
allows readers to quickly skim research reports by
reading the first sentence in each paragraph.
After finishing a draft, review it to see if
the paragraphs and sentences follow a logical
sequence. Examine the arrangement of paragraphs
within a section; some may belong in another
section. Make sure that the transitions from one
idea to another are clear. Study each sentence to
see if it can be clarified, shortened, or omitted.
Rewrite as necessary to achieve clarity. This type
of review and rewriting is best done after not
looking at the manuscript for a few days. Then,
you should ...
Manuscript standards 1
Writing Project
A research-style paper will be due near the end of the course. The topic must be something related to motorsports. The student is expected to investigate an important aspect of motorsports.
• The research paper should include historical implications, economic issues, social issues, cultural perspectives and even the science behind the technology being explored.
• People, places, events, sanctioning bodies or the specific technology may serve as the focus of the paper.
• Students should provide details as to the significance of the contribution and the subsequent impacts on racing.
• The assignment should reflect more than one person’s perspective.
• Written in APA manuscript style, this paper is expected to be a minimum of 2200 words in length and reference at least six different sources, with no more than three Internet only sources. Note that a source found online but also available in print, is not considered an internet only source.
Running head: MANUSCRIPT STANDARDS
The American Psychological Association Standards
For Publication of a Manuscript
James E. Horton
The University of Virginia’s College at Wise
Title Page
The title page should have the short title and page number one in the upper right-hand corner of the page. At the top of the page flush to the left margin, there should be a short title labeled "Running head". The running head should be in all capitols and should not exceed 50 characters, including spaces. Below the label "Running head" and centered in the page, there should be a comprehensive title of the manuscript describing the experiment or research in a manner that summarizes the main ideas. The main title should not be more than 12 to 15 words long. Below the main title one double-spaced line should be the author's full name followed on the next line by the author's affiliation to an institution.
Abstract
The abstract begins on page 2 with the short title and the page number in the upper right-hand corner of the page within the top 1-inch margin 1 double-space distance above the heading. The heading "Abstract" is centered 1 inch from the top of the page. The beginning of the abstract starts 1 double-space below the heading and is typed in block form as 1 paragraph, without indentation. The abstract should contain a comprehensive summary of what the manuscript is about, inform the reader of the purpose of the research, what the authors did, how the authors proceeded with the research, what variables were manipulated, what was measured and how it was measured, what results were obtained, what the authors concluded, and a statement of support or nonsupport of the hypothesis. The abstract should not exceed 960 characters, including punctuation and spaces. Use only digits for numbers in the abstract unless starting a sentence. The abstract should be double-spaced with 1-inch margins on all sides.
The American Psych ...
Running head 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1 .docxhealdkathaleen
Running head: 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1
Title of Paper (up to 12 words)
Your Name, Including Middle Initial
School
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 2
Abstract
A concise summary of each section of your paper, using up to 250 words. Note that you do not
indent the first line.
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 3
Title of Paper
Your first paragraph (or two) should be an introduction to the broad topic of your paper.
Many people write the introduction after writing the rest of the paper! Information in your
introduction should provide a foundation for the hypotheses of your experiment. In your
introduction, your goal is to convince readers that your research topic is (a) interesting and (b)
important. You may choose to begin your paper with a story, quotation, or relevant statistics
about your topic. You can think of your paper as a story about your dependent variable.
You generally will present broad background information about the topic in the first
paragraph of so. You will include at least two sections in the body of your paper. You will
summarize relevant information from prior research studies in the first section, which we refer to
as the “literature review” portion of a paper. You will present your detailed research proposal in
the second section (details are provided below). Some overall formatting rules to keep in mind
are: (a) use Times New Roman font, size 12; and (b) double-space the entire paper.
Information about the Literature-review Section
Content. In the first section of your paper, you should provide a literature review of prior
research and theory that relates to your experiment. The information you present should be from
diverse sources (e.g., journal articles, book chapters, web sites). Make sure it is clear to the
reader how information is related to your experimental hypotheses or procedure. So, if you are
using their method, then talk about their method; if they found similar results, talk about their
results; if they operationally defined their DV like you want to, then talk about that, etc. To make
this section of your paper effective, you should explicitly relate information from various sources
to each other and to your proposed research. After you discuss past research, you should make it
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 4
clear how your study is the next logical one, that your study improves upon past studies, that
your study fills obvious holes left by the others.
Citation of sources. You should cite references throughout the body of your paper.
There are two ways to cite a source. The authors can be listed in the sentence, with the year in
parentheses: “The Davis (2001) web site presents information about American Psychological
Association (APA) style rules.” Alternatively, the citation can be entirely in parentheses: “The
web site presents information about American Psychological Association (A ...
Running head 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1 .docxtoddr4
Running head: 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1
Title of Paper (up to 12 words)
Your Name, Including Middle Initial
School
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 2
Abstract
A concise summary of each section of your paper, using up to 250 words. Note that you do not
indent the first line.
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 3
Title of Paper
Your first paragraph (or two) should be an introduction to the broad topic of your paper.
Many people write the introduction after writing the rest of the paper! Information in your
introduction should provide a foundation for the hypotheses of your experiment. In your
introduction, your goal is to convince readers that your research topic is (a) interesting and (b)
important. You may choose to begin your paper with a story, quotation, or relevant statistics
about your topic. You can think of your paper as a story about your dependent variable.
You generally will present broad background information about the topic in the first
paragraph of so. You will include at least two sections in the body of your paper. You will
summarize relevant information from prior research studies in the first section, which we refer to
as the “literature review” portion of a paper. You will present your detailed research proposal in
the second section (details are provided below). Some overall formatting rules to keep in mind
are: (a) use Times New Roman font, size 12; and (b) double-space the entire paper.
Information about the Literature-review Section
Content. In the first section of your paper, you should provide a literature review of prior
research and theory that relates to your experiment. The information you present should be from
diverse sources (e.g., journal articles, book chapters, web sites). Make sure it is clear to the
reader how information is related to your experimental hypotheses or procedure. So, if you are
using their method, then talk about their method; if they found similar results, talk about their
results; if they operationally defined their DV like you want to, then talk about that, etc. To make
this section of your paper effective, you should explicitly relate information from various sources
to each other and to your proposed research. After you discuss past research, you should make it
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 4
clear how your study is the next logical one, that your study improves upon past studies, that
your study fills obvious holes left by the others.
Citation of sources. You should cite references throughout the body of your paper.
There are two ways to cite a source. The authors can be listed in the sentence, with the year in
parentheses: “The Davis (2001) web site presents information about American Psychological
Association (APA) style rules.” Alternatively, the citation can be entirely in parentheses: “The
web site presents information about American Psychological Association (A.
Running head 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1 .docxSUBHI7
Running head: 50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 1
Title of Paper (up to 12 words)
Your Name, Including Middle Initial
School
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 2
Abstract
A concise summary of each section of your paper, using up to 250 words. Note that you do not
indent the first line.
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 3
Title of Paper
Your first paragraph (or two) should be an introduction to the broad topic of your paper.
Many people write the introduction after writing the rest of the paper! Information in your
introduction should provide a foundation for the hypotheses of your experiment. In your
introduction, your goal is to convince readers that your research topic is (a) interesting and (b)
important. You may choose to begin your paper with a story, quotation, or relevant statistics
about your topic. You can think of your paper as a story about your dependent variable.
You generally will present broad background information about the topic in the first
paragraph of so. You will include at least two sections in the body of your paper. You will
summarize relevant information from prior research studies in the first section, which we refer to
as the “literature review” portion of a paper. You will present your detailed research proposal in
the second section (details are provided below). Some overall formatting rules to keep in mind
are: (a) use Times New Roman font, size 12; and (b) double-space the entire paper.
Information about the Literature-review Section
Content. In the first section of your paper, you should provide a literature review of prior
research and theory that relates to your experiment. The information you present should be from
diverse sources (e.g., journal articles, book chapters, web sites). Make sure it is clear to the
reader how information is related to your experimental hypotheses or procedure. So, if you are
using their method, then talk about their method; if they found similar results, talk about their
results; if they operationally defined their DV like you want to, then talk about that, etc. To make
this section of your paper effective, you should explicitly relate information from various sources
to each other and to your proposed research. After you discuss past research, you should make it
50 CHARACTER VERSION OF TITLE IN CAPS 4
clear how your study is the next logical one, that your study improves upon past studies, that
your study fills obvious holes left by the others.
Citation of sources. You should cite references throughout the body of your paper.
There are two ways to cite a source. The authors can be listed in the sentence, with the year in
parentheses: “The Davis (2001) web site presents information about American Psychological
Association (APA) style rules.” Alternatively, the citation can be entirely in parentheses: “The
web site presents information about American Psychological Association (A ...
This is Teacher’s feedback on our FIRST DELIVERABLE.Just to le.docxchristalgrieg
This is Teacher’s feedback on our FIRST DELIVERABLE.
Just to let you know how strict our teacher is grading the project.
Second deliverable for final project – due Thursday 11/30 5:00 p.m.
Along with other students who have chosen the same primary topic, create a single table of regression
analysis and discuss the results in the text of your paper. Be sure to correct any problems that were
mentioned in the review of your first draft. Your grade on this deliverable will be based on the content
of your analysis, but also whether you are able to generate a document that is professional in its
appearance and content. Your intended audience is someone who would have the knowledge that is
expected of someone who has mastered the content in Economics 311.
1. Provide at least 2 tests of alternative specifications (e.g. log vs linear, linear vs quadratic, dummy
variables vs continuous, etc.) In the text, describe the specifications you compared and the
preferred specification based on your analysis. Present the results of your regression analysis
and the relevant test-statistics in a professional table. Be sure to discuss the results of your
analysis in the text.
2. For each specification considered in part (1), provide a Breusch-Pagan test and the simple
version of the White test (2nd form discussed in notes) for heteroscedasticity. Include the test
statistic and corresponding p-values for these test statistics in your regression table. In the text
of your deliverable, describe the basis for the conclusions you draw from your
heteroscedasticity tests. If you find heteroscedasticity, are there specific characteristics that
cause the variance of the residual to be higher or lower? Explain how you came to this
conclusion.
3. If there is evidence of heteroscedasticity, add another column displaying your preferred
regression from (1) but using robust standard errors. If you are estimating a linear probability
model, use weighted least squares if possible – but be sure to investigate whether WLS would
result in negative weights. If WLS results in negative weights, discuss how you determined this.
4. Discuss whether your expected effects for your key control variable and at least two others that
you included in your first deliverable are confirmed by the preferred specification you identified
above. Discuss whether these effects are statistically significant at the .05 level.
5. Discuss the “economic significance” of the effects for your two control variables. For example,
describe the effect of a one standard deviation change in continuous control variables on the
dependent variable; or a switch from 0 to 1 for a dummy variable.
6. In order that your table be deemed professional, review the document posted on my website.
The regression table should be self-explanatory. The reader should be able to determine what
kind of regression was estimated, ...
ProjectHouston’sFaults.Students willcarry out Internet res.docxbriancrawford30935
Project: Houston’s Faults.
Students will carry out Internet research on faults in and around Houston Texas. Your research should look at the following aspects related to faults.
· The origin of faults in the Houston area
· The distribution of faults in the area
· The type of faults (normal, reverse, strike slip etc.)
· How the faults impact city planning (location of airports, major highways, stadiums, city center, sewage lines etc. in relation to the major faults)
· Faults and earthquakes
· As a geoscience student, how can your knowledge of the origin, distribution and types of fault be useful to city planners?
Students will present this information in the form of a power point slide. Your power point should include all relevant information including sketches, photos, maps and should have a reference section.
EXAMPLE ON HOW YOU CAN FORMAT YOUR PRESENTATION: you will create a slide show then print it out and turn it in a black folder. You do not need to send it to me via email
1st slide Intro: What are faults? (types of faults; normal, reverse, strike slip etc)
*have figures but let them stand alone (meaning the should be on there on slide)
2nd slide Faults in Houston Texas
Origin of faults (what cause them)
Distribution (include a map of where faults are located) remember figures must stand alone)
3rd slide faults in city planning. (Stadiums, airports, major roads etc) how it affects it
Think: Hobby airport has a fault, roads have faults, city center, why are sewers where faults are, why do Houston Texas have faults but no earthquakes
POWER POINT SLIDE DUE APRIL 27TH THRUSDAY AS SOON AS YOU WALKING INTO CLASS.. Slides must be between 10 and 20 slides. *no less than 10 and nor more then 20
Abbreviated Title 1
Title
Your name here
School name here
Full course name and number
Instructor name
Date of submission
Remember the font should be 12 point, Times New Roman or Arial for everything, including the title page
Abstract
An abstract is nothing more than a summary of the main ideas. In this course, the abstract is a summary of the basic building blocks used in the research proposal. It will be slightly different than an abstract for a paper or essay.
In a paper or essay, the abstract summarizes the main points of the document. In a research proposal, the abstract summarizes the main research components (to be used) as demonstrated with the topic.
In either case, an abstract is simple. It is just a summary of the main ideas, points, or methodologies. The difference is what the author is summarizing. In other words, the reader should be able to read the brief abstract and understand what the researcher is proposing..... In 2 or 3 paragraphs, you should be able to answer the following questions in narrative form: What is the topic? What are the variables? What is the hypothesis? What is the design? What is the population/sample? What is the Data Collection Method(s)?
Title
This is your introducti.
Running head SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE1Title of Your Rese.docxtoddr4
Running head: SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE
1
Title of Your Research Study
Author(s) First, Middle Initial (if applicable) and Last Name(s) in Starting with the
Individual who Made the Biggest Contribution (not alphabetical)
Institutional Affiliation(s)
Author Note
The author note is typically used in manuscripts that will be submitted for publication. The author note may provide additional information regarding the affiliations of the authors. It is also used to acknowledge those who contributed to the study, but not at the level of authorship. Lastly, the author note typically includes contact information for at least one author (see APA guide p. 24, section 2.03 & sample paper on p. 41.)
Remember to format the author note using block format (no indents, left or right justification).
Abstract
The abstract is a brief (usually 100-150 words) summary of your experiment. What was your question? What did you do? What did you find? What is your conclusion/interpretation? Try taking the lead sentence or two (but not word-for-word) from your introduction, results and discussion and integrate them into your abstract. Additionally, add a sentence or two describing your procedure, especially if it differs from those typically used to study the phenomenon.
The abstract is page two. Nothing goes on this page except the abstract. Center the word "Abstract" on the page and format in bold-face type. Do not put the title of your paper on this page. Begin typing the abstract on the line directly below the heading.
Notice that the abstract is not indented, and is written in block format. It is also double-spaced. Typically, the abstract is one paragraph in length.
Keywords: type a few words (or phrases) that would be useful if someone was searching for a study similar to this one. For example, if you studied reaction time in a card sorting task your key words might be “card sorting,” “response time” and decision making. (Note: the word “keyword” is italicized and indented.)
Title
On the third page, you typically begin your introduction. Notice that the word "INTRODUCTION" does not appear at the top of the page as many of the other headings do. The title used is the same one that appears on the cover page.
The first paragraph should contain a description of the phenomena that you are studying. Make a general statement about the phenomenon and how it is typically measured. Also, talk about how one might manipulate or influence the outcome (i.e, what variables could potentially influence the results).
Subsequent research should describe previous research that examined the phenomena. These studies serve to provide the rationale for your study. What did the researchers do? What did they find? What did they conclude?
Do this for each study cited. Typically, one or more paragraphs are necessary to explain each study. Try to make the transition smooth from one paragraph to the next. Use transition words (see SIGNAL WORDS hand.
Module Assessment 4: TANM ApplicationsBUS2 190
Last name, First name (Section X)
Last name, First name (Section X)
Last name, First name (Section X)
Last name, First name (Section X)
[Please replace “X” with Section 7, 8, or 9. Delete this before submitting]
PROBLEM A: Casper Geriatric Center (16 pts)
1. Is this a minimization or maximization problem? Explain.
2. Is this a balanced or unbalanced problem? Explain.
3. What is the total capacity of Stations 10J and 6G?
4. What is the total demand for Sections A,C,E and F?
5. What is the value of your optimal solution?
6. In your optimal solution, to which sections and how many trays to each of these sections should location 2L deliver?
7. Where will Section D get its meals? How many from each Station?
8. Aside from the obvious deliveries from the factory to warehouses or warehouses to stores, identify and discuss 2 more scenarios on how the transportation model can be used.
Problem B: Good Stuffing Sausage Company (16 pts)
1. Is this a minimal spanning or shortest route problem? Explain.
2. Explain the differences between minimal spanning and shortest route problems. Give an example where each type of modeling can be used.
3. How many branches are there in this network?
4. How many hours will it take to drive through Nodes 2-4-8? Explain.
5. Which arc takes the longest time to travel?
6. Korina thinks the best route is 1-5-6-10. Do you agree with her? Why or why not?
7. What is the value of your optimal solution?
8. What are the nodes included in your optimal solution?
Problem C: 9-31: NASA Missions ( 13 points)
(Hint – your answers in questions 1, 2 and 3 should be a schedule on which mission specialist should be scheduled to which flight. Provide your explanations for your answers) 13 points
1. Who should be assigned to which flight to maximize ratings?
Name of Mission Specialist
Mission Date
Total Rating:
2. NASA has just been notified that Anderson is getting married in February and has been granted a highly sought publicity tour in Europe that month. (He intends to take his wife and let the trip double as a honeymoon.) How does this change the final schedule? Explain.
Name of Mission Specialist
Mission Date
Total Rating:
Explanation:
3. Certo has complained that he was rated incorrectly on his January missions. Both ratings should be 10s, he claims to the chief, who agrees and re-computes the schedule. Do any changes occur over the schedule set in Question 2? Why or why not?
Name of Mission Specialist
Mission Date
Total Rating:
Explanation:
4. What are the strengths and weaknesses of this approach to scheduling?
Science Laboratory Format
Writers in the field of biology must consider not only the form but the style of writing in biology papers.
As in all fields, there are conventions to follow or typical style formats of the discipline.
Writing in the sciences is concise, yet pr.
Writing a Scientific Report or PaperResults of careful laborsarantatersall
Writing a Scientific Report or Paper
Results of careful laboratory work are not useful unless they can be presented in a clear, concise manner to others for comment and evaluation. Such presentations are usually in the form of a scientific paper published in a reputable scientific journal. Scientific communications have many things in common, which leads to a rather standard style of writing that allow the results and meaning of experimentation to be quickly grasped by the reader. Scientists do not expect to read attractive, stimulating prose to obtain information from technical scientific papers. The experimental design, results and explanation of results are what are attractive and stimulating not the cleverness of the prose. The following discussion should be useful in helping you prepare your laboratory reports, which are scientific reports.
Read it carefully before beginning your reports. Your laboratory instructor may make additional comments. The specific format of a scientific paper varies among journals. However, the format presented below is the most commonly used. It is the format you must use in your scientific writing for this course.
Part I: Format of a Scientific Report
The scientific report will be composed of seven sections. Each section will have a heading immediately followed by the text, figures or graphs. The order of the sections is: title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion and literature cited.
A) Format regulations:
· typed
· double spaced
· 10-12 font, Times New Roman
· 1 inch margins
· pages numbered
· titled sections
· untitled hypothesis
· Quotes are
NOT
allowed. Everything must be properly paraphrased.
· No website references are permitted as sources. No exceptions.
· Everything must be properly cited. It is considered plagiarism if it is not.
· Write in third person, past tense
The overall presentation/grammar/spelling will be evaluated. Although this is not an English class, these elements are important to the proper communication of science. Before you turn in your final version, use the spell check function and reread your report. You should also take the time to visit the Center for Academic Success to participate in the Read, Write, and Cite Workshop series for additional help on writing your reports.
Note: Never write statements like the following: “My lab report is about…”, “My hypothesis is…”,
or any version of this type of statement.
(1)
Title
Section
Create a title that briefly conveys to the reader the purpose of the paper. The title of your report must be informative. Many readers scan journal article titles and the decision whether or not to pursue an article is based on the information in the title. Generally, this information includes: primary factor(s) manipulated or studied; outcome of manipulation (the response or effects); and organism studied, if relevant. An example of an informative title would be: "The Effect of Varying Serotonin Conce ...
The research synopsis is the plan for your research project. It provides the rationale for the research, the research objectives, the proposed methods for data collection and recording formats and/or questionnaires and interview guides.
Dance_3_2015
1
Scientific Project Details: Dance 3
Due Date 11/25/15 by 5:00pm
Purpose:
• The main goal of this project is to apply principles of the scientific method to a self-
experiment based on one of the dimensions of wellness that you have identify you would
like to modify.
Important Dates and Deadlines:
1. Hypothesis Statement 10/1
2. Methods due 10/8
3. Data Collection update 10/20
4. Previews of final project can be arranged thru office hours or appointment.
• Due Date is 11/25/15
BASICS:
• For this project you will take your wellness goal set at the beginning of class, formulate a
hypothesis, design a self-experiment, run the experiment, and then write up the results in a
scientific lab report format.
Step 1: Develop a hypothesis based on one of the dimensions of wellness you learned in class
that you have identified you would like to investigate for yourself. This statement gives a possibility
(if) and explains what may happen because of the possibility (then).
Examples:
• If I set goals before studying, I will spend an average of 10 less minutes per hour on
Social Media.
• If I eat an overall healthy diet (one which does not include fast food), then I will have
more energy daily.
• I hypothesize that without restrictive diet (2,000 a day), cardio workout alone (60
minutes daily at 85 % target heart rate, then I will drop of three pounds a week for a
total of nine pounds for three weeks.
• If I run 5 miles a day for 6 days a week for 4 weeks, I will lose 1 pound a week for a total
of 4 pounds.
• If I only eat out once a week for 4 weeks, I will save $20.00 a week for a total of $80.00
Step II: Develop and identify the materials and the methods needed to conduct your self-
experiment. Explain what are your methods for your experiment.
Make sure to include:
• Length of study (at least 3 weeks)
Dance_3_2015
2
• What do you need to conduct the experiment?
• Define your outcome measures (what are you going to measure?)
• Details on how, when, where you are going to conduct the experiment?
Step III: Data Collection Update 10/20*
• Please provide an update on how your data collection is progressing in a word
document (.doc).
• Please provide data for at least one week of data collection (Can be in a table format)
• Please provide details on what has been easy or challenging.
• What is your plan to stay on task for the rest of experiment?
Step IV: Follow the below instructions for writing up your experiment in a report format.
• Please use word and save it as a .doc file.
• Make sure to use 11-12 point font.
• Please proofread your reports carefully.
• Can be written in first person.
• Please add your name and ID number to rubric and turn is as separate document
on DROPBOX Return Assignments.
Basic Format Requirements For the Report
The report should consist of the following:
1. Title
2. Abstract
3. Introduction
4. Materials an.
Per the text, computers are playing an increasingly important role i.docxodiliagilby
Per the text, computers are playing an increasingly important role in the practice of law. Successful paralegals must be comfortable with using electronic databases and research tools.
Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:
Discuss a paralegal’s ethical obligation to conduct competent electronic research. Provide two (2) examples of the potential consequences of inept electronic research practices.
Determine whether or not traditional reference materials (e.g., State and Federal Reporters, West’s Encyclopedia, etc.) can be as current as electronic resources. Provide two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages to using traditional resource materials.
Use at least two (2) quality references.
Note:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
THIS IS PART 1.
.
Pennsylvania was the leader in sentencing and correctional reform .docxodiliagilby
Pennsylvania was the leader in sentencing and correctional reform in the early history of the United States. Discuss what groups were associated with this reform.
Why did they want the reform?
Examine whether it was successful and if the reform brought forth further changes.
What influences does the system have on the correctional system today?
What influences have changed? Why?
Use the Internet, library, and any other resources available to research your answer. Submit a 4 page paper (double-spaced) to your instructor. Support your reasoning with outside sources. Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
The following will be the grading criteria for this assignment:
20%:
Discuss what groups were associated with this reform.
10%:
Why did they want the reform?
20%:
Examine whether it was successful and if the reform brought forth further changes.
25%:
What direct influences do you see the Pennsylvania system in the correctional systems used today?
25%:
What influences have changed? Why?
4 pages. APA format. No plagerism. 5 sources referenced throughout the paper. Reference Page and Abstract.
.
Penetration testing is a simulated cyberattack against a computer or.docxodiliagilby
Penetration testing is a simulated cyberattack against a computer or network that checks for exploitable vulnerabilities. Pen tests can involve attempting to breach application systems, APIs, servers, inputs, and code injection attacks to reveal vulnerabilities. In a well-written, highly-detailed research paper, discuss the following:
What is penetration testing
Testing Stages
Testing Methods
Testing, web applications and firewalls
Your paper should meet the following requirements:
Be approximately four to six pages in length, not including the required cover page and reference page.
Follow APA7 guidelines. Your paper should include an introduction, a body with fully developed content, and a conclusion.
Support your answers with the readings from the course and at least two scholarly journal articles to support your positions, claims, and observations, in addition to your textbook. The UC Library is a great place to find resources.
Be clearly and well-written, concise, and logical, using excellent grammar and style techniques. You are being graded in part on the quality of your writing.
.
Perform an analysis of the social demographic, technological, econ.docxodiliagilby
Perform an analysis of the social / demographic, technological, economic, environmental / geographic, and political/legal / governmental segments to understand the general environment facing Union Pacific.
Descri
be how Union Pacific will be affected by each of these external factors.
this is a strategic mangement course business 499.
.
Perform research and discuss whether text messaging is cheaper or mo.docxodiliagilby
Perform research and discuss whether text messaging is cheaper or more expensive than voice. Explain how text messaging works.
Perform research and discuss how an audio CD and an audio DVD compare. Find out why it is said that a vinyl long play record produces sounds much better. Are we going backwards with digital technology in music recording? Explain.
.
People in developed nations are fond of warning people in developing.docxodiliagilby
People in developed nations are fond of warning people in developing nations to stop
destroying rainforest.
People of developing nations often respond that this is hypocritical,
because the developed nations became wealthy by deforesting their land and exploiting its
resources in the past.
What would you say to the president of a developing nation, such as
Indonesia, in which a great deal of forest is being cleared?
.
Pease read and incorporate the following articles from the EBSCO h.docxodiliagilby
Pease read and incorporate the following articles from the EBSCO host database into your paper:
Deakin, A. (2004, November). Finding your organization's hidden treasure.
Behavioral Health Management
, 24(6), 27-29.
Droppa, D., & Luczak, R. (2004, January). Collaboration, technology,
and outcomes—A recipe to improve service delivery.
Behavioral Health Management
, 24(1), 41-44.
To complete the research paper, you will need to include an introduction and conclusion section as well as a title page and reference section. The title of the research paper will be the
Current Issues in the Behavioral Healthcare System
.
Your final paper is due for submission. The paper should adhere to the following guidelines:
The length of the paper should be eight to ten double-spaced pages (not including the title and reference pages).
The main sections should have a:
Title page
Introduction
Body of the paper (with subheadings)
Conclusion
Reference page(s)
The paper must use the APA format for citing sources and references.
Your final paper introduction (one page) should include the following points:
An overview of the research paper
The purpose or objective of the research paper
The body of the paper (five to six pages) should address each of the following topics using information learned in the course, in combination with outside references:
Based on your previous assignments and review of the literature, what are some of the major issues faced by today’s behavioral healthcare system? How have the current and future trends that are evolving in the industry addressed some of those issues?
Do you think there is a difference between the changing trends taking place in the private sector and that of public behavioral healthcare inpatient facilities? Based on your understanding about behavioral health services and the populations being served by them, do you agree that both private and public organizations are able to provide the necessary clinical services? Provide a rationale in support of your response.
In behavioral healthcare, outcomes are the established norm for measuring the success or lack of services. What are some of the major challenges in collecting the data needed to support and report behavioral health outcomes? Provide a rationale for your response.
Quality of care and services is an important part of an outcome-based strategy. The objective behind maintaining and improving quality is to provide competent and efficient services to consumers. In your opinion, do the current regulatory and accreditation standards for the behavioral health industry help to meet that objective? How?
Your conclusion (one to two pages) should include the following points:
What conclusions can you draw from your research that would demonstrate the role played by behavioral health in the healthcare industry?
What changes would you like to bring to today's behavioral healthcare system in order to resolve the current issues identified?
Based on your literature rev.
Peer Review Journal Paper Overview of assignment due 17 April 2014 I.docxodiliagilby
Peer Review Journal Paper Overview of assignment due 17 April 2014 I want you to find a peer review article that falls into our time frame: world history from the emergence of humanity to 1500 CE. I want you to present the thesis [argument] the author is putting forward. I want you then to find two other sources on the same subject and determine if those sources agree or disagree with your original source. The theme here is peer review and the notion of historiography; whether or not how we look at an event or theme of history changes over time? The choice of topic is up to you but please let me know what you are doing by email and let me know what your peer review source is so I can be sure it is appropriate for the course. If you want some help in finding an article; please let me or a librarian know what you might be interested in. I really need to know what your article is before you start so you have something good to start with and send me a link to your article, so that I can approve it.
1. Find a peer review article on some aspect of history associated with this course.
2. Explain the thesis that author is putting forth.
3. Find two secondary sources, they need not be peer review which relate to the main article you are presenting. Do these sources compliment or contrast the thesis being put forth by the original author?
4. Leave some time & space at the end to present your perspective and opinion on the thesis as well.
5. 5-7 pages; typed doubled spaced standard borders & fonts. Please use citation; APA, MLA, Chicago are all acceptable.
The requirement of the paper starts at the middle of the 3rd page that I attached here.
We can discuss more later.
.
Perception is all EXCEPT [removed] [removed]Structuring and orga.docxodiliagilby
Perception is all EXCEPT
[removed]
[removed]Structuring and organizing incoming impulses (information)
[removed]a prognosis (guess) about what is being received
[removed]the reconstruction of reality by our brain
[removed]the transduction of incoming stimuli
[removed]a process which takes time
.
Performance Based Factors and Measures for Quality AssessmentWri.docxodiliagilby
Performance Based Factors and Measures for Quality Assessment
Write a 700- to 1,000-word paper about the Performance Based Factors and Measures for Quality Assessment. Include the following in your paper:
For any health care activity, three performance factors can be measured: structure, process, and outcome. Identify one structure measure, one process measure, and one outcome measure that could be used to evaluate the following hospital admission process:
Upon arrival, the patient reports to the hospital registration or admitting area. The patient completes paperwork and provides an insurance identification card, if insured. Often, patients register before the date of hospital admission to facilitate the registration process. An identification bracelet including the patient’s name and doctor’s name is placed around the patient’s wrist. Before any procedure is performed or any form of medical care is provided, the patient is asked to sign a consent form. If the patient is not feeling well, a family member or caregiver can help the patient complete the admission process.
Include a minimum of three peer-reviewed references, not including the textbook.
Format your paper consistent with APA 6th guidelines.
.
People. I need some help with this assignment that needs to be done .docxodiliagilby
People. I need some help with this assignment that needs to be done in Excel
Problem 1:
Oregon Surplus Inc. qualifies to use the installment-sales method for tax purposes and sold an investment on an installment basis. The total gain of $75000 was reported for financial reporting purposes in the period of sale. The installment period is 3 years; one-third of the sale price is collected in 2014 and the rest in 2015 and 2016. The tax rate was 35% in 2014, 30% in 2015, and 30% in 2016. The enacted tax rates of 2015 and 2016 are not known until 2015.
The accounting and tax data are shown below.
Financial Accounting
Tax Return
2014 (35% tax rate)
Income before temporary difference
$
175,000
$
175,000
Temporary difference
$
75,000
$
25,000
Income
$
250,000
$
200,000
2015 (30% tax rate)
Income before temporary difference
$
200,000
$
200,000
Temporary difference
$
-
$
25,000
Income
$
200,000
$
225,000
2016 (30% tax rate)
Income before temporary difference
$
180,000
$
180,000
Temporary difference
$
-
$
25,000
Income
$
180,000
$
205,000
Required:
1)
Prepare the journal entries to record the income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and the income taxes payable for 2014, 2015, and 2016. No deferred income taxes existed at the beginning of 2012.
2)
Explain how the deferred taxes will appear on the balance sheet at the end of each year. (Assume Installment Accounts Receivable is classified as a current asset.)
3)
Show the income tax expense section of the income statement for each year, beginning with “Income before income taxes.”
Problem 2:
Philadelphia Co. incurred a net operating loss of $850,000 in 2014. Combined income of 2012 and 2013 was $650,000. The tax rate for all years is 30%. Trenton elects the carry back option.
Required:
a.
Prepare the journal entries to record the benefit of loss carry back and loss carry forward option.
b.
Assuming that it is more likely than not that the entire net operating loss carry forward will not be realized in future years, prepare all the journal entries necessary at the end of 2014.
.
Perceptions and Causes of Psychopathology PaperPrepare a 1,0.docxodiliagilby
Perceptions and Causes of Psychopathology
Paper
Prepare
a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper in which you discuss causes of psychopathology.
Address
the following:
Provide a brief overview of how culture is a factor determining the expression of psychopathology.
Examine causes of psychopathology by using either the biopsychosocial or the diathesis-stress models.
Explain the changes in society’s perception of psychopathology as a function of historical time period.
Cite
at least two peer-reviewed sources.
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Click
the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment
.
People are attracted to occupations that complement their personalit.docxodiliagilby
People are attracted to occupations that complement their personalities. In a Word doc, compose a 500 word essay naming and describing the six personality types identified by John Holland. Give an example of a vocational choice for each. Then
analyze how dualistic and relativistic thinking
contribute to our vocational choices and discuss the role of commitment within relativistic thinking.
.
Perception of Pleasure and Pain Presentation3 slides- An explanati.docxodiliagilby
Perception of Pleasure and Pain Presentation
3 slides- An explanation of the role of the somatosensory cortex in the perception of pleasure and pain
3 slides- A description of how the damage to the cutaneous system can affect the quality of life
- Include 1 peer reviewed source
- APA Format
-Include speaker notes please
Need on time by 12pm Eastern May 4th, 2015. Thanks.
.
Pennsylvania v. MarkMark Davis has been charged with Driving W.docxodiliagilby
Pennsylvania v. Mark
Mark Davis has been
charged
with Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) for reckless driving, speeding, four counts of felony assault, and one count of involuntary manslaughter as the result of a crash that occurred on a night out with his friends. Mark has been out on bail and pleaded not guilty when he was arraigned. The Judge set a date for Mark's trial and his defense team has been working to collect information about the technology used by the Highway Patrol to reconstruct the crash.
District Attorney O'Malley offered Mark a plea bargain, but Mark chose to take his chances at trial. Mark's attorney, Mr. Chen Long, advised Mark that accepting the plea offer was completely up to Mark, although Mr. Long advised against accepting it because the defense planned to highlight mistakes made by law enforcement during the investigation that could create reasonable doubt in the minds of the jurors.
The trial begins and during the voir dire of potential jurors, several individuals are excused because they have previous knowledge of Mark's case from the media. Two individuals stated that they could not be impartial because they had loved ones
killed
in alcohol related crashes as well. Eventually, two men and ten women were seated in Mark's trial.
District Attorney O'Malley presented the State's case clearly and concisely depicting a night on the town full of heavy drinking, which ultimately resulted in Mark's actions causing the death of one individual and injuring four others. Highway Patrolman Green explained to the jury that he immediately suspected alcohol when he arrived on scene because Mark appeared to be intoxicated when they spoke. Following the Judge ruling that it was admissible and not prejudicial, Sergeant Rodney Monroe, from the Highway Patrol Reconstruction Team presented their reconstruction complete with a high-tech computer animated reenactment of the crash. During the cross examination, Defense Attorney Long challenged the reconstruction because the Defense Crash Reconstruction Expert had discovered errors in the mathematical calculations for vehicle speed. The jury appeared to have liked the reconstruction very much regardless of the errors highlighted by the defense.
Mark was convicted of DWI, four counts of felony assault, and one count of involuntary manslaughter; however, he was acquitted of reckless driving and speeding. The Jury said they could not convict Mark of those offenses because of the mistakes made by law enforcement officers during the investigation.
Because Mark pleads not guilty, but was convicted during trial and had two prior DWI offenses, he was sentenced to ten years in the State Prison. Defense Attorney Long immediately notified the court of an impending appeal that would be filed by the defendant. In a report, using external sources to support your claims, answer the following:
Compare and contrast the roles of the Judge, Jury, District Attorney (Prosecutor), and Defense Attorney. What ar.
PBAD201-1501A-02 Public AdministrationTask NamePhase 3 Individu.docxodiliagilby
PBAD201-1501A-02 Public Administration
Task Name:
Phase 3 Individual Project
Deliverable Length:
750–1,000 words; Tabular budget
Details:
Weekly tasks or assignments (Individual or Group Projects) will be due
by
Monday and late submissions will be assigned a late penalty in accordance with the late penalty policy found in the syllabus. NOTE: All submission posting times are based on midnight Central Time.
Concern among the public sector is the demand for public organizations to be transparent about their budgets and spending habits. You have been scheduled to conduct a presentation for the State Budgeting Committee about the type of budget that the organization operates under. Identify the type of public organization for which you work, as well as what types of services, goods, or activities the organization provides to the public. Identify the size and scope of the organization.
Construct a budget using Excel that will provide a breakdown of the various budget items. Copy and paste the Excel spreadsheet of your budget into a Word document. Finally, explain how the budget is made available to the public for review. For example, is the budget made available at public meetings, on a special request, published in a newsletter, on the organization’s premises during regular business hours, via the organization’s Web site, or by some other means? If the budget is not available for the public to review, explain why. Furthermore, are there any provisions in place regarding the budget being made available for public view? Explain in detail.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 750–1,000 words:
Identify the type of public organization for which you work, as well as what types of services, goods, or activities the organization provides to the public. Identify the size and scope of the organization.
Construct a budget using Excel that will provide a breakdown of the various organizational budget items.
Copy and paste the Excel spreadsheet of your budget into a Word document.
Is the budget made available to the public for review?
If yes, explain how in detail.
If no, explain in detail why it is not.
Are there any types of provisions in place regarding the budget being made available for public view? Identify and explain.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
Part1 Q1. Classify each of the following as- (i)qual.docxodiliagilby
Part1
Q1. Classify each of the following as:-
(i)
qualitative or quantitative
(ii)
nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio scale.
a.
Times for swimmers to complete a 50meters race.
b.
Months of the year: Meskerem, Tikimit, Hidat, ---.
c.
Region numbers of Riyadh: 1, 2, 3, 4, ---.
d.
Pollen counts provided as numbers between 1 and 10 where 1 means there is almost no pollen and 10 means that it is rampant, but for which the values do not represent an actual count of grains of pollen.
e.
Packages in the city of Cleveland telephone book.
f.
Rankings of tennis players.
g.
Weights of air conditioners.
h.
Personal ID numbers
i.
Telephone numbers
j.
Temperatures inside 10 refrigerators.
k.
Salaries of the top five CEOs in the United States.
l.
Ratings of eight local plays ( poor, fair, good, excellent)
m.
Times required for mechanics to do a tune up.
n.
Ages of students in a classroom.
o.
Marital Status of patients in a physician’s office.
p.
Horsepower of tractor engines.
q.
Colors of baseball caps in a store.
r.
Classification of kids at a day care (infant, toddler, pre-school)
Q2. The following are the grades which 40 students obtained in a certain course in 1997E.C. here in Mekelle University of the Arid Campus.
75 89 66 52 90 68 83 94 77 60 38 47 87 65 97 49 65 72 73 81 63 77 31 88 74 37 85 76 74 63 69 72 91 87 76 58 63 70 72 65
a. Construct an absolute frequency distribution.
b. Convert the distribution obtained in (a) into a Relative & Percentage distribution.
c. Convert the distribution in (a) into a “Less than” &
a “More than” cumulative distribution
d. Construct a histogram, frequency polygon and ogive curve
Q3. The following distribution shows that the result obtained by 100 accounting students in the final examination of statistics in
Saudi Electronic University.
Mark of students.
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
No. of students
14
f1
28
f2
15
If the median mark of students is 22.5, compute:-
i.
The missing frequencies, f1 and f2.
ii.
the mode, and
iii.
the arithmetic mean
iv.
variance
Part 2
Q1.
a. (Smoking and Coffee Drinking)
Coffee
No Coffee
Total
Smoker
60
40
100
Non-Smoker
115
85
200
Total
175
125
300
What is the probability that a randomly selected person from the sample either smokes or drinks coffee.
Q1. b. What is the probability that I flip a coin and get a Head, Roll a die and get a 4 or a 6, and then pull the king of Spades and a diamond from a deck of cards.
Q2: The random variable X has the following probability distribution:
X
0
1
2
3
Total
P(x)
0.22
0.38
0.1
0.3
1
Find the expected value (E(x)) & the Variance.
Q3: A radar unit is used to measure speeds of cars on a highway. The speeds are
normally
distributed with a mean of 90 km/hr and a standard deviation of 10 km/hr. What is the probability that a car picked at random is travelling at:
a-
More than 100 km/hr?
b-
Less than 85 Km/hr?
c-
Between them?
Part 3
Q-1..
Paul’s Letter to the EphesiansThe First Letter of PeterThe Fir.docxodiliagilby
Paul’s Letter to the Ephesians
The First Letter of Peter
The First Letter to Timothy
For each document above; Identify specific content, features, or themes which permit classifying each text early Catholic in character.
At least one credible source
one and half pages
.
Past and FuturePlease respond to the followingImagine back .docxodiliagilby
"Past and Future"
Please respond to the following:
Imagine back in time to pre-Internet days. Describe how you would have established communications for international trade in these time periods: 1935 and 1977.
Imagine it is now 2050. Predict the ease and speed of international trade communications and how it will occur.
2-
"Backtracking from Globalization"
Please respond to the following:
From the e-Activity, illustrate with two examples how the U.S. has restrained trade over the past 60 years and state why you think that happened.
Some believe these restraints have been deleterious to national economic prosperity. In your estimation, speculate as to how these restraints have affected national economic prosperity.
.
Partisan considerations have increasingly influenced the selection.docxodiliagilby
Partisan considerations have increasingly influenced the selection of federal judges. Interest groups on the right and the left have insisted on the appointment of judges who hold compatible views. Presidents and members of Congress have also increasingly sought appointees who will decide issues in ways they prefer. What is your view? Should politics play such a large role in judicial appointments? Or should merit be given greater weight?
Does a merit based system favor ONLY those with money and the connections? needs to be at least 200 words APA
.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Writing Guidelines and RubricWriting Guidelines and RubricWrit.docx
1. Writing Guidelines and Rubric
Writing Guidelines and Rubric
Writing Guidelines and Rubric
One of the major goals of the laboratory section of this course
is to develop scientific writing skills. Students are required to
write three (3) formal laboratory reports. These formal reports
should follow the format of primary research papers found in
scientific journals. This handout is a guideline describing the
required structure for a formal report with the rubric for grading
(Table 1).
Table 1: This is the general rubric used for evaluating formal
laboratory reports based on the guidelines explained below. A
detailed rubric follows the guidelines (Table 2).
Item
Percentage Value
Title
5
Abstract
15
Introduction
15
Methods
15
Results
15
Discussion
15
Literature Cited
10
Formatting
10
Total
100
2. Title
· The title must be descriptive and informative. You can try to
attract the reader’s attention, but this can often result in a
misleading statement. In comparing the two titles below, the
first certainly grabs the reader’s attention, but is the ocean
really boiling? The second title is more descriptive,
informative, and accurate.
o “Boiling Sea Food: The Effects of Temperature and Salinity
on the Mass
Mortality of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
o “Increased Ocean Temperature May Result in Mass Mortality
of Pisaster ochraceus Along the California Coastline.”
· The title should also contain the major result, specifically
whether or not there is a relationship between the independent
and dependent variables (or two independent variables). The
second title clearly states that an increase in ocean temperature
may result in mass mortality. The first title vaguely describes
some effect of temperature and salinity on mass mortality.
· Finally, the title should identify the focus species, if
applicable. In both titles, the species is clearly identified.
· Below the title should be the author’s name, their institution,
and their institution’s address.
Abstract
An abstract is a concise summary of the paper. It should
provide all the relevant information needed for the reader to
understand the scope of the study. Abstracts do not include
references and the best abstracts are written after all the other
parts of the paper have been written. Abstracts should include
the following:
· an orientation to the theme of the experiment; the general
purpose for conducting the study
· the specific objective of the experiment with the hypotheses
· a description of the most important methods
· the specific results that addresses the hypotheses, with
statistical values
· a conclusion that addresses the general importance of the
3. experiment, with respect to the theme
Introduction
The rationale of the introduction is to logically discuss the
importance and the purpose and importance of the study. It is
typically organized in an inverted triangle format, such that the
first paragraph provides a broad background of the study. The
introduction then gradually narrows to the last paragraph that
provides the specific hypotheses of the study. Below is a
general outline, but please follow the specific requirements
detailed in the lab handouts.
· The introduction should start with a broad background to
orient the reader to the general theme (natural selection, fitness,
demography, biodiversity, etc.), and why it is important to
study.
· The second part of the introduction should provide the premise
of the study. What is currently known about the theme? What
similar studies have been conducted to address the theme and
what are their results? This is where most of the previous
studies are used to make a case for the purpose of the study.
This part may consist of multiple paragraphs that each discuss a
single topic.
· The third part of the introduction should discuss what is still
unknown about the subject. What is the study trying to answer?
How will the study attempt to contribute to the body of
knowledge about the theme?
· Finally, the introduction should provide a testable hypothesis
with predictions. “Testable” means that there is a way to gather
data and the data can be analyzed to find an answer.
Methods
· The methods should contain enough detail so that the
experiment can be repeated. This should include the statistical
analyses.
· The methods should be written in paragraph format.
· The methods should be written in past tense because it
outlines what procedures were done.
· Do you best to use passive voice.
4. · The methods should identify the control (if any) and
treatments.
· Similarly, the methods should identify the independent
variables and dependent (if any) variables.
· The methods should explain why specific procedures were
taken.
· For example, “The salinity of each tide pool observed was
measured using a Vernier LabQuest 2 with a salinity probe. The
salinity was measured in parts per thousand (ppt) and it was
collected to determine whether there was a relationship with the
size of Lottia gigantea, such that smaller individuals were
associated with more saline conditions.”
· Statistical analyses should be explicitly stated, especially how
the test could support the hypothesis.
· For example, “A chi-squared test was performed to examine
whether the population of D. melanogaster deviated from
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium during the course of the
experiment. A significant difference in allele frequency between
the beginning and the end of the experiment will show that at
least one criterion of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has been
violated.”
· If data were collected in the field, the study site should be
provided.
Results
There are two components that need to be in the results. The
first component is a written summary of the data trends and
statistics. The second component is figures and/or tables that
graphically display the trends and statistics. The written
summary has to come before the figures and tables; the former
provides the context for the latter. Additionally, the results
should contain as few figures and tables as possible. If a table is
showing the same information as a figure, get rid of the table.
· The written summary should objectively state the overall
outcomes and general trends of the experiment in paragraph
format. Describing each datum is not useful or informative.
· The results should not include any raw data; manipulated data
5. are okay.
· The results should not include interpretations of the results;
interpretations belong in the discussion section.
· The results should include the statistical
significance/insignificance (p-values) as often as they are
mentioned.
· The figures and tables should be referenced in the written
summary and are numbered independently.
· “Figure 1 shows…”
· “…population increased (Table 1).”
· The figures and tables should be arranged in order of reference
(sequentially). Do not talk about Figure 2 first if Figure 1
appears first. If you must, change the order of the figures and
tables.
· The results should include the fewest number of figures and
tables as possible.
· If figures are included, descriptive captions should be placed
below the figure. The importance of descriptive captions is that
the figure (or table) should be clear enough to stand on their
own.
· For example, “Figure 1: During the four weeks of sampling,
the number of A alleles (black lines) increased while the
number of a alleles (gray lines) decreased in D. melanogaster.
Weekly data are averaged and error bars are provided to show
the variation in the data. Population allelic frequencies for
Week 3 through Week 5 were statistically significant (p<0.05)
when compared to the initial population.”
· Figures should have axes clearly labeled with the appropriate
units. If you have dependent variables, it should be placed on
the y-axis.
· Do not include gridlines as they obscure the data.
· Titles are not necessary, as the caption should provide this
information.
· The data should fill the figure and the figure should be large
enough to show detail.
· If tables are included, they should convey a different set of
6. information from the figures.
If not, keep the figure and get rid of the table.
· Descriptive captions should be placed above the table.
· For example, “Table 1: Pairwise genetic distances of 16S
rRNA among specimens of Amusium pleuronectes, Ylistrum
balloti, and Ylistrum japonicum. Asterisks (*) indicate the
Ylistrum specimens. Values below the diagonal indicate percent
sequence similarity; pairwise comparisons above the diagonal
are presented as a heat map, with dark shades representing
higher similarities between sequences. Labels for Amusium and
Ylistrum specimens are as follows: source (SL, Serb Lab; GB,
Genbank), unique numerical identifier, and country (AU,
Australia; CN, China; JP, Japan; NC, New Caledonia; PH,
Philippines; QL, Queensland, Australia; TH, Thailand; WA,
Western Australia, Australia).”
· Tables should have clearly labeled column and row headings
with units (as necessary). If you have dependent variables, they
should be the column headings.
Discussion
The purposes of the discussion are to explain how the
experiment supports or do not support the hypotheses, and to
explain how the experiment relate to the general theme
discussed in the introduction. As opposed to the introduction,
the discussion follows a normal triangle (not inverted) format,
such that the first paragraph discusses the specific outcomes of
the study. The discussion then gradually broadens to the last
paragraph explaining the overall importance of the study.
· The first part of the discussion should restate the hypotheses,
the major outcomes, and the general trends. It should also state
whether the outcomes and trends do or do not support the
hypotheses.
· The second part of the discussion should explain how the
experiment helped in understanding of the general theme. This
should discuss similarities and/or differences in results
comparing similar studies. Be careful with making overly broad
generalizations. What do the results mean and what do they not
7. mean?
· The third part of the discussion should explain how the
experiment did not help in understanding of the general theme.
You may discuss the limitations and unexpected outcomes of
the study and how the experiment could be refined to further
help in understanding the general theme. However, do not state
any errors. Errors should have been avoided or corrected.
· The discussion should then conclude with a summary of the
overall importance, to science and to society, of examining the
general theme.
Literature Cited
The format of references vary. For this course, use the
following guidelines:
· The references must be listed alphabetically, by the first
author’s last name.
· The references must have the “hanging” paragraph format, as
shown in the examples below.
· There must be at least three (3) primary and peer-reviewed
references.
· Primary means that the authors who wrote the reference
conducted the study.
Books are considered secondary literature.
· Peer-reviewed means other scientists read the study and
agreed it was acceptable for publication.
· All three (3) references must be cited in the text.
· The in-text citations must be formatted according to the
following conventions:
· One author
· “Chan (2000) found that…”
· “According to Chan (2000), the…”
· “was not a major factor (Chan, 2000).” o Two authors
· “García and Smith (2000) found that…”
· “According to García and Smith (2000), the…”
· “was not a major factor (García and Smith, 2000).” o Three or
more authors (“et al.” is Latin for “and others.” Alternatively,
one can write “and colleagues” or “and coauthors.”)
8. · “Smith et al. (2000) found that…”
· “Smith and colleagues (2000) found that…” § “Smith and
coauthors (2000) found that…”
· “According to Smith et al. (2000), the…”
· “According to Smith and colleagues (2000), the…”
· “According to Smith and coauthors (2000), the…”
· “was not a major factor (Smith et al., 2000).”
· The references should either be in APA or Harvard format.
· For example, Journal article in APA format:
Spoelstra, K., Wikelski, M., Daan, S., Loudon, A. S., & Hau, M.
(2016). Natural selection against a circadian clock gene
mutation in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, 113(3), 686-691.
· For example, Journal article in Harvard format:
Spoelstra, K., Wikelski, M., Daan, S., Loudon, A. S. and Hau,
M., 2016. Natural selection against a circadian clock gene
mutation in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, 113(3), pp.686-691.
· For example, Book in Harvard format:
Fisher, R.A., 1930. The genetical theory of natural selection: a
complete variorum edition. Oxford University Press.
Formatting
There is a general format that most research papers follow, but
many vary. The most important format to follow is the one
provided by the publisher or instructor. For this course, use the
following guidelines:
· You must submit the report as a Word document so that the
following items can be assessed. If another document type is
submitted, points will be deducted because the correct
formatting cannot be evaluated.
· A cover page is not necessary.
· There is no page limit.
o The reason for this is that the focus needs to be on
communicating what the research is about, not on how many
pages it takes. Additionally, people’s communication skills
vary. However, there are some general patterns. For example, a
9. four-page report tends to lack sufficient information and detail.
In contrast, a 30-page report tends to be verbose and tangential.
As with any writing assignment, the best way to start is by
creating an outline. An outline ensures that only the necessary
and relevant information are in the report and it will help in
being organized and staying on task.
· Use 1.5 spacing paragraph format.
· Use either Arial or Times (New Roman) fonts.
· Use the standard 12-point font size.
· Use the standard one-inch margins on all sides of the paper.
· Use page numbers. It does not matter where on the page they
are, just be consistent.
· Use the appropriate measurement units where necessary.
Science uses the metric system, so make sure units are in
meters, liters, or grams.
· Use the correct species scientific names. Below is the
scientific name of the common fruit fly written in two
acceptable forms. The genus name is always capitalized but the
species name is never capitalized. The entire species name is
either italicized or underlined, but not both. o Drosophila
melanogaster o Drosophila melanogaster
o When the species is first introduced, the full species scientific
name should be used (as above). Subsequent mention of the
species can be shortened as D. melanogaster (or D.
melanogaster).
· The report must be organized as this guideline is presented:
Title, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and
Literature Cited.
· Each section of the report should have a natural flow from one
idea to another. It should not jump back and forth between
ideas.
· Similarly, each paragraph should have a natural flow with a
topic sentence about a single concept, a body that supports the
idea, and a conclusion or transition sentence.
· Be sure the report is easy to read (clear and effective
communication); keep spelling and grammar errors to a
10. minimum.
Table 2: Below is a detailed rubric used for evaluating formal
laboratory results. A P will indicate the specific criterion is met
and will receive a score of 10. An O will indicate the specific
criterion is not met and will receive a score of 5. “Most” and
“some” will indicate two different levels of meeting the
criterion, such that “most” will receive a score of 8 while
“some” will receive a score of 7.5. A “0” will indicate no
attempt was made to address the criterion and will receive a
score of 0. A “-” will indicate that the criterion is does not
apply and will not be scored.
Title: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (5)
Is it descriptive and informative?
Does it contain the major result with respect to the variables?
11. Is the focus species identified (if applicable)?
Is the author’s name included and formatted correctly?
Is the author’s institution included and formatted correctly?
Is the institution’s address included and formatted correctly?
Abstract: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (15)
Is the general purpose of the study stated?
Is the specific objective stated?
Are the hypotheses stated?
Is the most important method described?
Is the result that addresses the hypotheses stated?
Are statistical values provided?
Is a conclusion provided?
12. Does the conclusion address the general importance of the
experiment?
There should not be any references.
Introduction: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (15)
Does it follow an inverted triangle format?
Is the general theme explained?
Is the importance of the general theme explained?
Does the introduction explain what is known about the subject?
Does the introduction discuss similar studies and their results?
Does the introduction discuss what is unknown about the
subject?
Does the introduction provide the purpose of the experiment?
Does the introduction discuss how the experiment will
contribute to the body of knowledge about the theme?
13. Does the last paragraph contain a testable hypothesis?
Methods: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (15)
Can the experiment be repeated with the information provided?
Is the methods written in paragraph format?
Is the methods written in past tense?
Is passive voice used?
Are the controls (if any) and treatments identified?
Are the dependent (if any) and independent variables identified?
Do the methods explain why specific procedures were taken?
Were the statistical tests explicitly stated?
Were the statistical tests appropriate to answer the hypotheses?
Is the study site provided (if applicable)?
14. Results: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (15)
Does the section contain text that describes the trends?
Is the text written in paragraph format?
The text should not include each datum.
The text should not include raw data.
The text should not include interpretations.
Does the text include statistical significance/insignificance
(pvalues)?
Does the text appear before any figures and tables?
Are figures included?
Are figures referenced in the text?
Are the figures numbered independently?
Are the figures ordered sequentially?
15. Do the figures contain descriptive captions?
Are the captions placed below the figure?
Do the figure captions include p-values (if applicable)?
Are the figure axes clearly labeled?
Are the units included in the axes’ labels (if applicable)?
Are the dependent variables on the y-axis (if applicable)?
The figures should not have any gridlines.
The figures should not have any titles.
Does the data fill the figure?
Is the figure easy to read?
Are tables included?
Are tables referenced in the text?
16. Do the tables show different information from the figures?
Are the tables numbered independently?
Are the tables ordered sequentially?
Do the tables include descriptive captions?
Are the table captions placed above the table?
Do the table captions include p-values (if applicable)?
Are the rows and columns clearly labeled?
Are the units included in the row and column labels (if
applicable)?
Are the dependent variables on the column headings (if
applicable)?
Is the table easy to read?
Does the section contain the fewest number of figures and
tables?
17. Discussion: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (15)
Does the section follow a non-inverted triangle format?
Are the hypotheses restated?
Are the major outcomes and general trends restated?
Is the support (or lack thereof) of the hypotheses explained?
Is an explanation given on how the experiment helped in
understanding the general theme?
Is the experiment compared to similar studies?
There should not be any overly broad generalizations made.
Are the limitations discussed?
Are the unexpected outcomes discussed?
Are future directions discussed?
18. There should not be any errors discussed.
Is the overall importance to science discussed?
Is the overall importance to society discussed?
Literature Cited: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (10)
Are they listed alphabetically?
Are they in “hanging” paragraph format?
Are there at least three (3) primary and peer-reviewed
references?
Are they all cited in the text?
Are the in-text citations properly formatted?
Are they in APA format?
Formatting: Criteria
Evaluation
Percentage (10)
Is the report a Word document?
19. There should not be a cover page.
Does the report use the 1.5 spacing?
Is it written in either Arial or Times (New Roman) fonts?
Is it written using the 12-point font?
Does it have one-inch margins on all sides of the paper?
Does it have page numbers?
Are the appropriate measurement units used?
Are scientific names properly formatted?
Is the report organized (similar to the guideline)?
Does every section have a natural flow?
Does every paragraph consist of a single topic?
Is the report clear and easy to read?
20. BIOL/ENVS251 Spring 2020 Updated
20/02/20 Alejandrino 1
BIOL/ENVS251 Spring 2020 Updated
20/02/20 Alejandrino 1
Gender is a central concept in our beliefs about families and
intimate relationships. This week’s learning resources look at
the ways the reality of gender identity and gender roles in
family life may differ from some idealized notion of the perfect
family, or the perfect life partner.
As a response to this post,
1. Briefly describe what you think Americans today believe
gender roles should be within a family, including both parents
and children, and why you think that (for example: from the
television, film, other media, parents, school, religion, etc.).
2. Briefly discuss how well you think gender roles in American
families in reality match up with that ideal, and why any
differences between the real and the ideal exist (this is a good
place to bring in the reading).
3. At greater length, and with direct references to the learning
resources, discuss ONE of the following topics:
Choice A: How can the differences between ideal gender roles
and real gender roles be explained? How can these differences
between the ideal and real lead to conflict within the family
21. (relationships between adults, and/or relationships between
parents and children)? How do ideas about gender roles make
conflicts more or less likely? How can families navigate these
conflicts successfully? How is intimate partner violence or
child abuse, or the outcome of this abuse, connected to gender
issues? Consider intersectional identities in your response,
including families of different races, classes, gender identities,
and sexual orientations.
OR,
Choice B: Consider this week’s topics from the perspective of
children in families. How does the relationship between ideal
and real gender roles and gender identity affect children? How
is the relationship of the child to the family different from the
relationship of the parent to the family? How do different
marital relationships affect children (heterosexual marriage,
homosexual marriage, blended families, single-parent
households, cohabiting households)? How might ideas about
gender identity or gender roles affect a child’s experience in a
family, for good or for bad? How might a transgender child or
parent affect those relationships? Consider intersectional
identities in your response, including families of different races,
classes, gender identities, and sexual orientations.
If you are interested in more data and discussion about how
gender roles are changing in American families, browse The
Pew Research Center's list of articles analyzing contemporary
families: Pew Research Center Social & Demographic Trends:
Family and Relationships. Feel free to use any information you
find here in your response, or to post a particularly interesting
article to the Student Lounge for all of us to discuss. Be sure to
tell us what you found so interesting if you do so!
Reading Resources / Links
"6 facts about U.S. mothers,” by Kristen Bialik
http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/05/11/6-facts-about-
22. u-s-mothers/
6 facts about American fathers,” by Kim Parker and Gretchen
Livingston
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/06/12/fathers-day-
facts/
Mental Health of Transgender Youth: The Role of Family,
School, and Community in Promoting Resilience
https://www.cmhnetwork.org/wp-
content/uploads/2018/05/03bac3ea913b3d1f35471695b0132341.
pdf
5 Gay Parenting Myths | What the Stuff?!
https://youtu.be/P7QdG_AlTLg
“LGBT Rights Milestones Fast Facts”
http://www.cnn.com/2015/06/19/us/lgbt-rights-milestones-fast-
facts/index.html
"Breaking Through the Binary: Gender Explained Using
Continuums,” by Sam Killermann, a social justice comedian
[illustration]
https://www.itspronouncedmetrosexual.com/2011/11/breaking-
through-the-binary-gender-explained-using-continuums/
Gendered power in cultural contexts: part II. Middle class
African American heterosexual couples with young children.
http://ezproxy.umuc.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com
/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=105476497&site=eds-
live&scope=site
23. "Socialization and Human Sexuality,” from the Boundless
textbook Sociology
The paper will examine survivorship of riparian trees in the San
Gabriel Mountains. The Introduction and Method sections this
paper is due Sunday 5th, and the final complete paper is due
Sunday, April 19th
· Calculate k and r
Duckweed Lab:
An Experimental Study of Population Growth
able 1: Data sheet for recording duckweed population growth.
A, B, and C represent the control or distilled water treatments,
while D, E, and F represent the fertilizer treatments. Twice a
week, count the number of individuals (N) in each cup and
record them below.
24. Thus far, each group has uploaded their completed duckweed
data onto Moodle. For statistical analyses, these data should be
compiled together and reorganized. As with the previous lab, I
have done the former but you have to do the latter. Before you
begin, download the Class Data Excel spreadsheet from Moodle.
Also make sure that K and r were calculated correctly.
15. First, calculate the average population of all groups’
Treatment 1 (all control; A, B, and C together) from the initial
day.
16. Then, repeat the process for each day of Treatment 1. You
should have a total of nine averages.
17. Do the same for Treatment 2 (fertilizer treatments or D, E,
and F together).
18. Then, graph the growth curve of Treatment 1 and Treatment
2 using the class averages. Remember which axis the
independent variable goes. The graph should have two growth
curves, which are Treatment 1 and Treatment 2 averages per
day.
19. Next, perform an ANOVA comparing K between the
treatments and construct a graph that shows this comparison
with the appropriate error bars.
20. Finally, perform an ANOVA comparing r between the
treatments and construct a graph that shows this comparison
with the appropriate error bars.
25. Specific requirements for the final paper
Introduction: Below is an outline of how the Introduction for
this paper should be organized and what information should be
included. Be sure to use scientific literature to support your
explanations.
· Start with a paragraph that broadly explains what the
experiment is about. What is the main idea of the experiment
and why is it important to test? Think about the big picture of
this second part of the class.
· The next paragraph should be about growth curves. Explain
what growth curves are and how they relate to the main idea of
the experiment.
· The third paragraph should introduce the experimental system.
Why is Lemna minor an ideal organism for the experiment?
What can it tell us about growth curves and the main idea? How
might the treatments affect the growth curves?
· The last paragraph should explain how experimenting on
Lemna minor will help us understand growth curves and the
main idea (What is your objective?). Don’t forget to include
your biological hypothesis and make sure your references in the
previous paragraphs back it up.
Results: Below is a list of specific figures that need to be
included in the final paper.
· A figure showing the class average growth curves of
Treatment 1 and 2.
· A figure comparing the class average of K between Treatment
1 and 2. Be sure to include the appropriate error bars that match
the results of the ANOVA.
· A figure comparing the class average of r between Treatment 1
and 2. Be sure to include the appropriate error bars that match
the results of the ANOVA.