Workshop death and burial

Death and Burial
Workshop
Umm Ahmed

The example of [this] worldly life is but like rain which We have sent down
from the sky that the plants of the earth absorb - [those] from which men and
livestock eat - until, when the earth has taken on its adornment and is
beautified and its people suppose that they have capability over it, there
comes to it Our command by night or by day, and We make it as a harvest, as
if it had not flourished yesterday. Thus do We explain in detail the signs for a
people who give thought.Surah 10:24

And Allah invites to the Home of Peace and guides whom He wills to a
straight path Surah yunus :25

And the intoxication of death will bring the truth; that is what you were trying
to avoid.surah Qaf:19

Say, "Indeed, the death from which you flee - indeed, it will meet you. Then you
will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, and He will
inform you about what you used to do.“Surah Jumah: 8

Every soul will taste death, and you will only be given your [full]
compensation on the Day of Resurrection. So he who is drawn away from the
Fire and admitted to Paradise has attained [his desire]. And what is the life of
this world except the enjoyment of delusion.Surah-185

“Time is
passing don’t
busy yourself
with Dunya.
Get back to
ALLAH before
its too late”

Hadrat Abu Moosa (R.A.) reports that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon
him)said, “Visit the sick, feed the hungry and free the one who is imprisoned
(unjustly).” [Sahih Bukhaari]
Hadrat Abu Hurairah (R.A.) reports that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon
him) said,"On the Day of Qiyaamah, Allah Ta'ala will announce: O son of
Aadam, I was sick yet you did not visit me. He will reply, 'O Allah, how
could I have visited You since you are Rabbul 'aalameen? Allah Ta'ala
will say: Did you not know that so and so slave of mine was sick, and
yet you did not visit him? Should you have visited him you would have
found Me by him. " [Sahih Muslim]
Hadrat Ali (R.A.) reports that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon
him) said, 'When a Muslim visits his sick Muslim brother in the morning,
seventy thousand angels make dua for his forgiveness till the evening. And
when he visits him in the evening, seventy thousand angels make dua for his
forgiveness till the morning, and he will be granted a garden for it in
Jannah.' [Timizi, Abu Dawood]
Our Beloved Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also said, 'Whoever
visits a sick person (for the pleasure of Allah), a Caller from the
skies announces: You are indeed blessed and your walking is
blessed and you have (by this noble act) built yourself a home in
Jannah.' [Ibn Maajah]

Act of Sunnah for the sick person

 Bequeath some of his money to be given to charity- he should
also determine in his will how his money should be
divided,bequests should be fulfilled,dept to be settled ,the deposits
&trusts to be returned to their owners.
 A sick person must think highly of Allah & confident of his mercy.
Allah swt says in a Hadith Qudsi:
“ Iam just as my servant thinks of me”(i.e Iam Able to do for him
what he thinks I can do for him)

WHEN A MUSLIM IS AT THE
POINT OF DEATH

Prompt him very gently (Encouragement without
insistence) every now and then to say the Shahada: "La
ilaha ella Allah", which means ‘There is no God but
Allah,’ in a very kind and sincere manner as these may
be his last words.
Abu-Saeed Al-Khuduri reported that Prophet
Muhammad (P.B.U.H) said : " Help Muslims who are
dying to say: ‘ La ilaha ella Allah’ " (Muslim).

Then why, when the soul at death reaches the throat
And you are at that time looking on -
And Our angels are nearer to him than you, but you do not see Surah Waqiya 83,84,85

JUST AFTER DEATH HAS
BEEN DETERMINED

Close the eyes of the deceased.
Um Salma reported that : " When her husband died, Prophet
Muhammad (P.B.U.H) closed his eyes" (Muslim
Soften the deceased ‘s joint to prevent stiffness &place something on
the stomach to prevent bloating.
They should bind his lower jaw to his head so that it does not sag.
They should cover all his body completely with a clean sheet.
Aisha reported that : " Muslims covered the body of Prophet
Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) when he died" (Bukhari & Muslim).
Announce the death of a muslim for the purpose of gathering people to
prepare him for burial ,attend his funerals.perform funeral prayer..
 Hasten to prepare the body for washing, shrouding and burial.
Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) said: " You should hasten with his
burial"(Bukhari & Muslim).
Debt of deceased should be settled ASAP whether they are due to Allah or ppl

The person who has the right to wash the deceased is the person to whom the
deceased gave this right in his will.
Then his father because he is closest in relation &more compassinate for his
offspring ,then the next in relation.
If the deceased was female & made a provision in her will for another female
to wash her body then this person takes precedence in preparing the body, then
the deceased mother ,then her daughter then the next female of kin(whoever is
available).
The husband is allowed to wash the body of his deceased wife ,the prophet
pbuh said to Aisha ra “what harm it do of you died before me and then I
washed your body …(Imam Ahmed).the wife is also allowed to wash her
husbands body Abubakr made a provision in his will that his wife should
wash his body.
If the deceased is seven yrs or younger either male or female are allowed to
wash his or her body

THINGS NEEDED FOR WASHING THE
DECEASED BODY

1. 1 Sidr cup + 4 litrs of water
2. 2 cubes kafur+ 4 liters of water
3. Hanuth
4.White and Black musk

STEPS FOR WASHING THE DECEASED

It is sunnah to cover the private parts of the deceased upon washing
his or her body ,before taking off their clothes this is better so that the
private parts of the deceased are not exposed to others ,especially in this
state.
The deceased is to be laid down in a sloping position on the washing
(wooden) bed so that water and watever comes out of deceased body
flows down.
Next the head of the deceased is raised up to the sitting position and
light pressure is applied to his stomach so that bodily excrement is
descarded ,water should frequently be applied to wash offwhatever
substances that might exit the body of the deceased.

The person washing the body should wrap a cloth or wear gloves than
wash the private parts of the deceased without seeing or his skin touching
the private parts ,If the deceased is seven yrs or older.
Then one recites the Tasmiya(BISMILLAH), then perform wudhu for the
dead person as one perform wudhu for himself for prayers.
However ,water should not be inserted into the mouth or nose of the
deceased rather the person washing the deceased should insert his finger,
which should be wrapped with a wet cloth been the lips of the deceased
and only wipe his teeth & then clean his nose.

It is encouraged the one uses Sidr solution to wash the head
and beard (if men)of the deceased,and use sidr for rest of the
body ,then the right section of the deceased ‘s front side and
backside of the body are washed.Next the left side of the body
,front then back is washed. The body is then washed second and
third time.
During every wash the person washing the body should exert
light pressure on the stomach &clean whatever comes out of its
lower end.
Washing the deceased could be repeated up to seven times
(odd numbered times)or more if necessary.
In the case of a female, her hair should be loosened, washed,
combed, and be braided in three braids, and placed behind her
back.
In the last wash, the washer may use kafur(camphor),kafur
has good smell that also acts as arepellent for insects.

All of this is based on authentic Hadith that Um Atiyah
narrated that: " When the daughter of Prophet
Muhammad (P.B.U.H) died, he instructed us:‘
Wash her three times, or more than that if you
feel it is necessary, with water and sidr(good
smelling leaves), and then after the last wash
apply some camphor to the body , then loosen
her hair, wash it, comb it, and make it in three
braids laid behind her back " (Bukhari & Muslim).

AL-KAFAN ( SHROUDING THE DEAD MUSLIM )
Shourding should start Just after washing the body of the deceased. It is
recommended to use white sheets from inexpensive material. Extravagance is not
recommended in the Kafan (Shroud).
Aisha relates that : " When the Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) died, he
was shrouded in three white sheets from Yemen" (Bukhari & Muslim).
THE KAFAN OF A MALE
The Kafan of a male should consist of three white winding sheets about{7 x 7 feet},
clean and large enough to conceal the whole body, after having been perfumed
with incense. Use 4 tie ropes, each 7 feet long ( Figure (1) ).
The material of the sheet should not be silk, nor should any gold be used.

STEPS OF SHROUDING :
The winding sheets should be spread out one on the top of the other
The deceased, covered with a sheet, is lifted and laid on his back on the winding
sheets.
Some scent or perfume may be put on those parts of the body upon which one rests
during prostration, that is the forehead, nose, hands, knees, and feet.
The edge of the top sheet is folded over the deceased right side, then the other edge
over his left side. Then the second sheet should be folded the same way. The third and
the largest sheet should be treated the same way.
These sheets should be fastened with a piece of cloth {Tie ropes}, one above the
head, another under the feet, and two around the body.

KAFAN OF FEMALE
First: winding sheets {7 x 7 feet}
Second: the long loose sleeveless shirt {3 1/2 x 14 feet, with a
hole in the middle line for the head},
Third: waist wrapper {6 feet x 3 1/2 feet },
Fourth head veil {a 4x4 square feet white sheet}, and
Fifth: the loin cloth {12 inches wide x 4 feet long}

STEPS OF SHROUDING :
The garments are spread out
The deceased, covered with a sheet, is lifted and laid on her back on the shroud.
Some scent or perfume may be put on those parts of the body upon which one rests
during prostration, that is the forehead, nose, hands, knees, and feet.
The loin cloth is bound round her upper legs (Acts like underwear).
The waist wrapper is tied in place.
Put on the sleeveless shirt (Long to cover the body from the shoulder to the feet) .
Put the head veil.
The edge of the top sheet is folded over the deceased right side, then the other edge
over his left side. Then the second sheet should be folded the same way.
These sheets should be fastened with a piece of cloth {Tie ropes}, one above the head,
another under the feet, and two around the body.

SALATUL JANAZAH (THE FUNERAL PRAYER)

IMPORTANCE OF SALATUL JANAZAH
Fard al Kifaya
 Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) said : " Who ever attends
the Janazah until it is finished, will earn a Qirat,
and who ever stays until the burial, will earn two
Qirats. Someone asked: What does Qirat mean ? ,
the Prophet answered :‘It means rewards as big as
great mountain" ( Bukhari & Muslim ).

Steps to Salatul Janazah
First Takbeer: Seeking refuge with Allah .Basmalah,surah fatiha
Second Takbeer: Second takbeer,Durood e Ibrahraheem.
Third Takbeer:Pray Allah for deceased.
Fourth T akbeer:Tasleem

Islam has a unique style of building graves and cemeteries that is characterized by
humility, simplicity and economy in costs and that avoids glorifying the dead with
elaborate monuments.
There are two types of grave:
AL-Shaqq:Make deep vertical hole in ground
Al-Lahed: is to make a deep vertical hole in the ground, then in the bottom make
a side horizontal hole big enough to cover the whole body.
Both types are used, but it is preferable to use Al-Lahed if the land is solid (
Figure (6) ).

1) Miscarried Fetus :
If the fetus is less than four months old ( Mother was pregnant for less than four
months ), then the fetus may not be washed; the fetus should be wrapped in a piece
of white cloth and buried. Then there is no Salatul Janazah for this fetus.
If the fetus is more than four months old ( Mother was pregnant for more than
four months ), then the fetus may be washed, shrouded (Using one or two winding
sheets to cover the whole body), and then Muslims have the choice whether to
perform Salatul Janazah or not.
2) Children :
A) Before reaching the age of puberty, a child may be washed by males or
females. Shrouding a child for females use a shirt and two winding sheets and for
males two or three winding sheets may be used.
B) For those children who reached the age of puberty, they should be dealt with
as an adult { Female child like female adult, and male child like male adult}, but then
Salatul Janazah be performed.
3) Martyr :
The body of a Martyr should not be washed, nor be shrouded but buried with the same
clothes that people found him with.
The strongest opinion of Muslim scholars is not to offer Salatul Janazah for martyrs
since Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) did not offer it for the martyrs of the battle of
Uhud.

Act of sunnah to console the bereaved person and advice him to be
patient
Prophet pbuh said:
“No beliver consoles his brother but Allah Almighty and Ever –Majesty
be He ,will dress him from the garments of dignity on the Day of
Resurrection.(ibn majah)
Desirable to prepare some food for the family of the deceased .for the
prophet pbuh said:
“prepare some food for the family of Ja’far ,for it has happened to them
that which occupied them.(Imam Ahmad & Tirmidhi)

Invented heresies and common mistakes in funerals
1- Neglecting death, not remembering it, and keeping our minds off it. Death
suffices as a preacher.
2- Only those who are dying write their will. Those who write it earlier are told
"you should be optimistic all your life. Do not write your will. Death is far from
you." Glory Be to Allah! Who would guarantee you to live for just seconds?
Hadith of the Messenger of Allah, prayers and peace of Allah be upon him: "No
Muslim should stay two nights with something that he wants to write a will
about, without having his will written under his head." Ibn 'Umar said: "since I
heard this from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him, there is not a night passed but that I always had my will written." [Narrated
by Muslim]
ما حق امرئ مسلم له شيء يوصي فيه. يبيت ثلاث ليال إلا ووصيته عنده مكتوبة. قال عبدالله بن عمر: ما مرت «
رواه مسلم » علي ليلة منذ سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال ذلك، إلا وعندي وصيتي
-

3-If the deceased is buried, his family would rush to receiving consolations,
making ceremonies, and obsequies. On the other hand they neglect paying off
his debts, and executing his will. Those people forget that a believer's soul is
hanging to his debts until they are defrayed. By Allah, it is a great sin to rush to
heresies and leave the duties.
4- Calling the Angel of Death 'Azrâ'il, which has no origin in Islam.
5- Reading the Holy Quran beside the deceased from the moment he passes
away until he is washed, or reading SuratYâsîn especially during the moments
of death. So, what about who hire someone to do so.
6- Putting the Holy Quran by head of the dying person, or on his chest; and
also putting it over his body after his death.

7- Lamentation, screaming, and crying loudly to tell people of one's misfortune, and
rejecting the Divine Destiny. Just like the saying of some people: "He does not deserve
this misfortune; O Allah! What have I done to thee to hit me with such a calamity… tell
me Allah… Tell me Allah... What do you want from me, what is my sin to deserve this?"
If they were told to be patient, they would say: (we were patient, for how long will we
be patient). People must accept the Divine Destiny, thank Allah, and say (Truly! To
Allah we belong and truly, to Him we shall return.).
8- Thinking that spouses should not wash each other. It is evident that some
companions were washed by their spouses.
9-When the deceased is carried to be prayed upon, and then to his grave; he is covered
with a cloth on which âyatul-kursi (the verse of the throne) or some verses of Quran
written on it.

10- Praying and burial in some times on which prayer is discommended. Those times
are: from sunrise till it goes high, from noon till the sun starts going down, when the
sun is about to set till sunset. The first and last times are about 15 minutes. The
second is seven minutes.
11- Praying obligatory and optional prayers in the tomb or in the Masjid confined
within the tomb. There is a Hadith: "all of the earth is considered a Masjid, except for
the tomb and the bathroom." [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi and authenticated by Al-
Albani» ا
Another Hadith says: "Don't pray in tombs." [Narrated by Muslim}
Besides, praying, invoking, and reciting the Quran beside the graves are means of
setting partners to Allah, as His Eminence Sheikh IbnBaz – May Allah have Mercy on
him- wrote in (The Researches Magazine, vol.37, p.16). The only exception is the
funeral prayer which is permissible to be prayed in the graveyard.
12- Delaying funeral prayer, either for a legitimate excuse such as waiting for some
relatives to come from far places, or for an illegitimate purpose such as reading Holy
Quran completely and forwarding its reward to the deceased. The Sunnah is to set out
for funeral processions, and if some relatives arrive they may pray on the grav

13-The deceased siblings advance for praying on the right beside the Imam. The origin about
this matter is to pray behind the Imam as everybody else, not beside him, just like any
prayers.
14- Bringing the deserter of prayer to Muslims to pray on; this is forbidden and considered
cheating and deceiving Muslims. Such people, when they die, are not washed, nor shrouded,
or prayed on. Also, he is not to be buried in Muslims' cemeteries.
Muslims do not inherit him, and he does not inherit Muslims. His wife is not permissible for
him to be intimate with, his slaughtered animal is not permissible to be eaten from, and he
has no legal guardianship over his children. Forgiveness is not to be asked for him, nor is
mercy to be invoked for him because he is a disbeliever (in the best of the two opinions of
scholars).
15- Ignorance of the way funeral prayers are performed.
16- Not performing funeral prayer on aborted fetuses of 4 months old. This is wrong because
if an aborted fetus is 4 months it must be washed, prayed on, and buried because his spirit
was breathed in him, and not before that.
17- Believing that if the deceased was righteous his weight would be light over the shoulders
and this has no origin.
18- Slowing the funeral. The Sunnah is to go moderately fast according to the Hadith "Make
haste at the funeral…" [Agreed upon]

19 -Raising voices with the praise of Allah during the funeral, such as saying (O, neglector,
remember Allah. O people present, pray upon the Prophet, there is no God but Allah, there is
no God but Allah); not to mention negligence, laughing, and having fun- and this is either
cruelty or gloating over others' grief.
20- Collective invocation after the funeral is finished.
21- The renouncing of some people in escorting the deceased, and their carelessness about the
great reward. In a Hadith, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, has said:
"He who attends the funeral till the prayer is offered for (the dead), for him is the reward of
one qirat, and he who attends (and stays) till he is buried, for him is the reward of two qirats.
It was said: What are the qirats? The Messenger said: They are equivalent to two huge
mountains." [Narrated by muslim}
Those people have thrown away so many Qirats.
22- Believing that the funeral prayer is a cure for envy. If the envious is prayed upon, the
envied is cured. This is just ignorance.
23- If someone dies, his family collects all personal belongings and takes them out of the
house claiming that it is impermissible to use them.

Invented heresies and common mistakes in
consolations
1- Holding funeral ceremonies in streets, putting carpets, lights, and disrupting activities. The
Sunnah is to console the family of the deceased anywhere: their house, a street, a market, or a
home.
2- Holding a banquet that gives an impression of a wedding rather than an obsequy for the guests
present. You see dishes coming in and out. Jarîr said: "we considered gathering in the house of the
dead man and preparing food as a kind of lamentation." [Sahih Al-Albani]
3- Eating the consolation food. If the invitation is not answered; the family of the dead would be
furious at him.
4- Distributing sections of the Quran to the attending people to complete reciting the Quran with
the reward to be sent to the dead. This is invented, not to mention its being done in an
atmosphere of smoking, gossiping, and mess- the thing that exposes the words of Allah to
humiliation and abuse.
5- Not to pay condolences but after the burial. He who consoles before that is reprimanded and
told: "do not make haste with your consolation." This has no origin. Consolation starts by death,
whether before or after burial.

6- Offering no consolations during the Eid, or not to congratulate in Eid when some
relative is recently dead.
7- Limiting consolation to three days only. This is wrong. It was reported that the
Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, has paid his condolences after
three days, in the Hadith of Abdullah IbnJa'far (May Allah be pleased with them
both). Consolation was allowed for entertaining the grieved. So, it is permissible even
after three days.
8- Saying in consolation (the rest of his life is in yours); (the remainder is in your
head), which is different from the first. Some people would say to the family of the
dead: (what is taken from his life is increased in your life).
9- Saying: (Recite Surat Al-Fâtiha on the soul of so-and-so) and that after finishing
dinner or lunch, and saying: (O Allah, make the reward of this food for the soul of so-and-
so).

10- Saying: (And we dedicate the reward of reading Surat Al-Fâtiha or Surat so-and-
so to our dead and all the dead of the Muslims). It was not the tradition of
our righteous ancestors to read any verses of Quran and dedicate them to the
dead; because Quran has been revealed for the living.
11- Offering no consolations to the families of sinners who committed suicide,
died drunk, or during committing adultery, or so. The origin is to console. What
is wrong with consoling their families to ease their grief!
12- Advertising in papers about the place of the funeral ceremony, and
sometimes Quran verses are written such as the saying of The Almighty: {"O
(you) the one in (complete) rest and satisfaction!} [Surat Al-Fajr 89:27]
This is obituary which was forbidden by Islam.

13- Some women start crying and wailing when they arrive to the house of the
dead. They make everyone cry, which is the forbidden lamentation.
14- Spreading the message of the invocation of completing reciting the Quran. It
contains the invocation of the middle of the month of Sha'bân night, the New
Year's Eve, the last day of the year, the Day of 'Ashûrâ', the farewell of Ramadan
and the socalled the routine of mourning.
15- Describing the dead as being forgiven, given mercy, a martyr, a Paradise
resident, or moved to the Highest Companion and the like. This is not
permissible because such things are only known to Allah. It is the creed of
Sunnah and the consensus that people are not to judge any one to Paradise or
Hellfire. They only ask reward for the righteous, and fear punishment for the
sinner. So, it should be said: may Allah forgive him, or: may Allah have mercy on
him, and such words of invocation for the dead.

REFERENCE:
1. Fiqh Of Jurisprudence Author Sheikh Saleh Al Fawzan
2. http://www.missionislam.com/knowledge/janazahstepbystep.htm
3. http://islam.ru/en/content/story/virtues-visiting-sick
4. http://en.islamway.net/

May Allah swt Forgive our sins and grant us
Jannatul firdows Aameen
Jazakumullahu Khair

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