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Working digitally with Historical Documents
- 1. Working digitally with Historical Documents Georg Vogler @gvogeler http://www.i-d-e.dehttp://informationsmodellierung.uni-graz.at Napoli, 25.9.2018
- 2. Bridge the distance between modern use and historical production „Digital Scholarly Edition“ „Historical Analysis“
- 3. People in the Past and their Activities Humanities Scholars, in particular Historians Archival Document lists, databases, spreadsheets, reference works , ... scholarly editionscholarly edition index, regestaindex, regesta TextsTexts Word, PDF. HTML, SVG, ... csv, xslx, SQL ... TEI Digital Images EAD/ RiC RDFs, OWL RDF CIDOC-CRM, … Interpretation Presentation Data analysis Annotation Scan / Photographs Description Transformation Conceptuali- sation Data creation OCR/HTR, Transcription
- 4. Metasource (J.-Ph.Genet1994) Bridge the distance between modern use and historical production „Digital Scholarly Edition“ • Select object • Digitise the archival document • Create full text • Structure text • Annotate / enrich with external knowledge • Convert text into structured data „Historical Analysis“ • Modelling research question and the data needed to answer the question • Select data • Evaluating algorithms / tools to process data • Visualise / organise data in a meaningful way
- 5. Computational Methods are advancing …
- 6. Digitisation Human • Selection of objects to be digitized • Decision on the appropriate method • Quality control Machine • Pixel representation • OCR/HTR • Make the documents available in the internet
- 8. Digitisation Human • Selection of objects to be digitized • Decision on the appropriate method • Quality control • Integrate into scholarly discourse Machine • Pixel representation • Suggestions for layout • Suggestion for transcriptions (by training with human transcriptions) • Publish
- 9. Information Extraction? Human Machine • Named Entity Recognition • „Topic Modelling“
- 10. Screenshot from the ChartEx annotation tool
- 11. ChartEx Annotation process (Brat)
- 12. Information Extraction Human • „semantic“ annotation • „If you have my name, you still don‘t know me.“ • Manual annotation • Identifying (Imported / exported) • Classification schemes • Integrate into scholarly discourse Machine • Named Entity Recognition • In modern texts • Linguistic method • „Topic Modelling“ • groups of words typical for a specific text chunk • Linguistic “surface”
- 13. The Human in the Loop Digitization • Sensoric representation • Algorithmic conversion • On the „linguistic surface“ Digital Edition • Reflecting on the text production and transmission • Enrichment with human knowledge • As part of scholarly discourse
- 14. The assertive edition … … is an scholarly edition which includes a formal representation of the assertions on the historical reality made by a document in the interpretation of the editor. • Assertion: a proposition / statement • historical reality: what scholars think that people in the past did and suffered • Made by a document: a physical object carrying text as a means of communication (made in the past) • Interpretation of the editor: as only the editors are part of the current scholarly discourse • Formal representation: RDF triples linked to a digital representation of the document Vogeler 2018
- 15. Humans! Feed the machine and you will get great insights. ?
- 16. Humans! Integrate the machine into your discourse and you will get great insights. Georg Vogler georg.vogeler@uni-graz.at http://www.i-d-e.dehttp://informationsmodellierung.uni-graz.at
- 17. References • Himanis: http://himanis.org/ • ChartEx: https://chartex.org/ • Vogeler, Georg (2018). “The ‘assertive edition’”. In: International Journal of Digital Humanities 1. Forthcoming.
- 18. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International License. All works of other author cited here are their intellectual property and are used for academic teaching purpose only.