The document contains diagrams of the biceps and triceps muscles during flexion and extension of the arm. It asks the reader to label features of the muscles including their origin, insertion, and whether they are the agonist or antagonist in the movement. It also contains sample exam questions about muscle pairs, their functions, and terminology related to muscle contraction.

1. *TASK* Look at the diagrams below and explain what you see
happening.
Diagram 1 Diagram 2
Biceps Contract Triceps Contract
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2. *TASK* On the diagrams below label the following features:
Muscles
Agonist (Prime Mover)
Antagonist
Origin
Insertion
The bones
Diagram 1 - Extension of the arm at the elbow
Diagram 2 - Flexion of the arm at the elbow

3. TASK* On the diagrams below label the following features:
Muscles
Agonist (Prime Mover)
Antagonist
Origin
Insertion
The bones

4. Exam Style Questions
1. Which of these pairs of muscles is an antagonistic pair?
A Gastrocnemius / Hamstring B Deltoid / Pectorals
C Bicep / Tricep D Abdominals / Intercostals
2. When contracting, the hamstrings muscle:
A Straightens the arm at the elbow B Bends the leg at the knee
C Points the toes D Flexes the abdomen
3. A synergist is:
A. A muscle which creates stability during an antagonists contraction
B. A muscle which allows fine muscle control during an antagonists contraction
C. The prime mover in an antagonistic muscle contraction
D. Another name for an agonistic muscle
4. The point of attachment of a muscle to the stationary bone is called the
A. Tendon B. Insertion
C. Connection D. Origin
5. Two of the following muscles act as a antagonist pair, name the these two muscles.
Bicep Hamstring Pectoral Trapezius Quadriceps
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6. Explain the term antagonistic pair. (1 mark)
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7. The ability to perform the shot put is partially dependant on the performers ability to
create a powerful push action from the upper arm.
a) Name the muscle of the upper arm which works as the agonist or prime
mover muscle in the shot putt
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b) Explain how the muscles contracts (5 marks)
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5. How do muscles work
Muscles work in pairs to contract and relax, which muscle is contracting and which is relaxing?
Identify which is the agonist and which is the antagonist
What is the synergist?
Machine Diagram Agonist Antagonist Synergist
Contracting Relaxing
Tricep Dip
Bicep Curl
Hamstring
curl
Leg
extension
Muscle that CONTRACTS gets shorter and is the AGONIST
Muscle that is RELAXING gets longer and is the ANTAGONIST
SYNERGIST are the muscles which assist in stabilising the joint

6. Major muscles of the body
Front View Back View