When we talk about typography, what are we talking about?
当我们在讨论文字排印时,我们在讨论什么?
This small lecture is presented to the internal design team of GitCafé from me as their design intern and typography consultant.
2. 2/85
word and image word is image image as word word-image
1 字与形 2 字是形 3 形即字 4 字形
3. 3/85
word and image
1 字与形
Of all the achievements of
the human mind, the birth
of the alphabet is the most
momentous.
在人类思想的成就中,以字母之诞生最为惊天动地。
Frederic Goudy
弗雷德里克·高迪
*Frederic W. Goudy (1865Ⅹ1947) 曧銊豜叄鉢㛄㚧壎嶗㛄㚧斊鑇咲、
骼曧銊蹺訅醑䗮鲲艊叄鉢㛄㚧壎䯖酽羠㬬叄 122 潎、魳謖艊藥愥醮骼讜謖艊
Goudy Old Style 飨倀 Copperplate Gothic、1920Ⅹ1947 妘䄄䯖骼惔麇
賣昤䎑鯆鄐駡誒 (Lanston Monotype) 艊頯梮岄苳、
謾傿謖踵 Bertha䯖曧酽瀕戹叄墡、跏鳏鑇桹酽厸䯖謖踵 Frederic T. Goudy、
28. 28/85
word is image
2 字是形
hamburgerfonstivLucida Blackletter
Carolingian Minuscule 䯙則鈵楁啢釀鉢
29. 29/85
word is image
2 字是形
约翰福音开场白
熱靕驅賣鄽 (Book of Kells)䯖粷鶜俋餚蹕霎䒛、
惛酾囑旝
In principio erat
Verbum, et Verbum
erat apud Deum, et
Deus erat Verbum.
跤旝㛗旝
俒設桹㭠䯖
㭠醮蜶讜鮪䯖
道就是神、
餚旝㛗旝
In the beginning was
the Word, and the
Word was with God,
and the Word was God.
30. 30/85
word is image
2 字是形
hamburgerfonstivMVB Verdigris Big
Renaissance Roman 䯙旝頯侟蠻鈵䖂鉢
31. 31/85
word is image
2 字是形
双语圣咏集
梪霎彾鲋 1642Ⅹ1643 妘䯖藥塒惛酾旝嶗熴旝䯖踵熴蹺艎謚鍖壽、
鮒嶁䇗 (Psalter) 曧敒嫚▕萒斊㡤銊㛝 (Psalms) 艊㛝䇗䯖貶鲱藥塒暀㜄 。
鮒鳏艊蝜㛓嶗鮒潣訵䯖嫮媀㪏踵靕羾䯖曧跫隊鳏佖㫧 蝜鶯牆誤艊㳛㒄旝梪、
呅髦侸羾棈哱躐鳏䇘墡鷹。釀鄽鳏嶗抴翍壎壽慘䯖羮旿倹雲䯖⺸䒅赗銊、
32. 32/85
word is image
2 字是形
nn1
1
2
3
4
旝頯侟蠻頌艊則鈵楁啢釀鉢
詵飨酽觠釀呝䯖襹觠賛鍖蓪䯖霎釀䇏姪濱
旝頯侟蠻暚梕艊昦鈵䖂鉢
䰅 鄡䰇䈑㒄詆鎢䯖襹觠鄫鍖䂏䯖霎釀䇏姪䗮
39. 39/85
image as word
3 形即字
Romain du Roi
羾㣵曀鴛蠐跫醣魑。羾熴蹺蟨叧䅳鲋 1692 妘㛄㚧艊酽倧
叄鉢、㛄㚧跤㳕羮鑫裶頌跛哣艊鈫樴跀酛䯖槪宺菑㫓珆梕
䏣樴叄鉢 (Transitional) 艊㛤羠、
☞ Romain du Roi 艊䗮唻瀷嶗睏茻䏣樴嬁閼鑫 :
Pierre Simon Fournier (1712Ⅹ1768)䯖熴蹺䀇叄壎、
魍 慘曧飨骼僠炐噯謖艊 Fournier、骼䒫攝鑫砎壽
(Points) 㳝姪跀酛、
William Caslon (1692/93Ⅹ1766)䯖餚蹺叄鉢㛄㚧壎、
魍 慘曧飨骼僠炐噯謖艊 Caslon、
John Baskerville (1706Ⅹ1775)䯖餚蹺叄鉢㛄㚧壎、
魍 慘曧飨骼僠炐噯謖艊 Baskerville、
42. 42/85
image as word
3 形即字
We cannot alter the essential shape of a
single letter without at the same time
destroying the familiar printed face of our
language, and thereby rendering it useless.
如果改变一个字母的基础形态,我们语言的印刷样貌就将
必然改变,那这个字母就没用了。
Jan Tschichold
扬·奇肖尔德
*Jan Tschichold (1902Ⅹ1974) 曧孭蹺叄鉢㛄㚧壎。霎豜㛄㚧壎嶗㛄㚧斊鑇咲、
骼鲋 1923 妘鎢駱粷魍踽躏㛄㚧艊䅅鬫䯖妛僨 魳謖艊〔昦叄鉢戹棧〕(Die Neue
Typographie) 酽霎、謾跤篞砮恊繩䅵鑫晹 鄡叄鉢侳艊謾骼叄鉢蟢貙䯖妛鞏啂
䉯唻蠙穼䉳㛄㚧、㛫霎讜暚䒫漛薶襫飨醭讜叄誑。叄㳛棾婠襫㓉㓌嗃漛艊會熴、
1933 妘 3 桸㭺鄐贙苼跫俒墮恜咲䯖妘姌晑張㬏嬔緤佖、
躐謚骼㚪踵粷魍踽躏㛄㚧俒㫓発㫧䯖桪敒螻荁饅㔃㛀妛㡽羮 鄡鉢、鮪 1947Ⅹ
1949 妘踽慁㛄㚧 500 侸梪麟䥢霎豜䯖穼媀熕羮靧鞔、骼艊 酛 鄡鉢 Sabon 曧
啨桹艊镾侽讜暚悶咷 Linotype 嶗鯆鄐䀇戹梽跏倧跀酛艊叄鉢、
50. 50/85
image as word
3 形即字
We cannot alter the essential shape of a
single letter without at the same time
destroying the familiar printed face of our
language, and thereby rendering it useless.
如果改变一个字母的基础形态,我们语言的印刷样貌就将
必然改变,那这个字母就没用了。
Jan Tschichold
扬·奇肖尔德
53. 53/85
word-image
4 字形
Letters are things, not pictures
of things […] It’s clear that for any
letter there’s some sort of norm.
字母是东西,不是东西的图像……显而易见,
每一个字母都有它的某种规范。
Eric Gill
埃里克·吉尔
*Eric Gill (1882Ⅹ1940) 曧餚豜叄鉢㛄㚧壎。贖蓴鷹嶗䇦贖咲、
骼壎鞲 Edward Johnston䯒愛斣鰱㿐叄鉢 Johnston 艊㛄㚧鍎䯓彾踵叄鉢
㛄㚧壎、䅵澑躐侳㫤翽醣俋㳝蓴贖。犛䇦嶗䇦贖慘閔、骼艊魳謖叄鉢藥愥
Perpetua。Gill Sans 嶗 Joanna䯖謚鍎飨骼艊偔簍噯謖、魳桹〔㛀旝叄戹棧〕
(An Essay on Typography)、
Gill敡犗彾屟䯖桪僨羠凗侳嵔䯖醮骼艊僜傼。跏跣梥彾妘偔簍嶗筯僨羠㫓屟饅跀、
54. 54/85
word-image
4 字形
Letters are things, not pictures
of things […] It’s clear that for any
letter there’s some sort of norm.
字母是东西,不是东西的图像……显而易见,
每一个字母都有它的某种规范。
Eric Gill
埃里克·吉尔
*Eric Gill (1882Ⅹ1940) 曧餚豜叄鉢㛄㚧壎。贖蓴鷹嶗䇦贖咲、
骼壎鞲 Edward Johnston䯒愛斣鰱㿐叄鉢 Johnston 艊㛄㚧鍎䯓彾踵叄鉢
㛄㚧壎、䅵澑躐侳㫤翽醣俋㳝蓴贖。犛䇦嶗䇦贖慘閔、骼艊魳謖叄鉢藥愥
Perpetua。Gill Sans 嶗 Joanna䯖謚鍎飨骼艊偔簍噯謖、魳桹〔㛀旝叄戹棧〕
(An Essay on Typography)、
Gill敡犗彾屟䯖桪僨羠凗侳嵔䯖醮骼艊僜傼。跏跣梥彾妘偔簍嶗筯僨羠㫓屟饅跀、
61. 61/85
word-image
4 字形
Letters are things, not pictures
of things […] It’s clear that for any
letter there’s some sort of norm.
字母是东西,不是东西的图像……显而易见,
每一个字母都有它的某种规范。
Eric Gill
埃里克·吉尔
62. 62/85
word-image
4 字形
Letters are things, not pictures
of things […] It’s clear that for any
letter there’s some sort of norm.pictorial
图形的规范。
63. 63/85
word-image
4 字形
Typography is writing with
prefabricated letters.
文字排印是在用预先制好的字母书写。
Gerrit Noordzij
伽利特·诺基
*Gerrit Noordzij (1931Ⅹ) 曧駻賣豜叄鉢㛄㚧壎。霎豜㛄㚧壎嶗㛄㚧慘咲、
鮪慘踵霎豜㛄㚧壎墡慘鑫酽瀇暚䄄謚䯖鮪 1960Ⅹ1990 妘鲋駻賣犦窛艎咲
銊䅳(Royal Academy of Art at the Hague, KABK)斊戦叄鉢嶗妕䉳㛄㚧、
1982 妘熱穼〔觠艊觠陝〕(The Stroke of the Pen)䯖薶襫骼鮪叄鉢㛄㚧
跤艊絔㛀鉢跀、醮 酛鰓貙熴醭讜䯖Noordzij 艊鉢跀啔叄鉢飨#麉愐艊霎釀¥
踵▕蕬陝鰓、㫥倧鉢跀彾踵嫕魍叄鉢㛄㚧跤抴過㚧誽叄㳛 (font weight
interpolation) 艊▕蕬、
踵 嫿唻旝叄㛄㚧桹㠧篻艊鳏䯖犦窛艎咲銊䅳㛄襫 Gerrit Noordzij 値䯖
骼曧訅酽瀕嬱値鍎、Erik Spiekermann 嶗 Tobias Frere-Jones 㰊桪嬱値、
64. 64/85
word-image
4 字形
There are no images in digital
fonts, only instructions which are
dependent on, or interpreted by,
rendering devices.
在数码字体里没有形,只有电脑指令。这些指令
依赖于渲染器,或者说是渲染器在解读它们。
Nick Shinn
*Nick Shinn (1952Ⅹ) 曧餚蹺䯗鎢愽俋豜叄鉢㛄㚧壎、
叄鉢慘閔桪鮪 FontShop 僨綈、1999 妘㛄襫靕墰艊叄鉢駡誒 ShinnType、
65. 65/85
word-image
4 字形
↑ 㫤囑霎釀 → 暚䄄
a a a aa aBlackletter Garalde Transitional / Modern Grotesk Neo-Grotesk Humanist
83. 83/85
word-image
4 字形
It’s almost impossible to
look and read at the same
time: they are different
actions.
同时观看和阅读是不可能的——它们是不同的行为。
Gerard Unger
*Gerard Unger (1942Ⅹ) 曧駻賣豜叄鉢㛄㚧壎嶗妕䉳㛄㚧壎、
鮪 1967 妘俋叧瀸趵謚㫧駱 Total Design䯖㩸靧 Enschedé 霎嗙墡慘䯖謚彾
踵靕羾㛄㚧壎、骼踽㒄踵熱穼窹㛄㚧呺羮廟旝叄鉢䯖妛鮪侸忞俋叧斊戦旝叄
㛄㚧、魳謖叄鉢藥愥 Gulliver 嶗 Coranto、
魍 魳慘踵〔鮪鄴䄕㜁暚〕(While You Are Reading)䯖餚㛗鮪 2006 妘羾
Mark Batty Publisher 熱穼、
吉拉德·安葛
85. 85/85
word-image
4 字形
When we talk about typography,
we are talking about legible,
purposeful, consensus-driven
word-images that interact with
and thus flavor meaning.
当我们在讨论文字排印时,我们
在讨论的是可读的、目的明确的、
符合大众共识的字形4 4
。它与意义
互动,进而赋意义以风味。